经济生活模式与英汉习语

习语是语言的缩影。大部分习语来自普通老百姓的生产活动和生活经历,反映出经济文化等对语言的巨大影响。在语言的发展过程中,历史文化的痕迹残留在习语当中。通过对比分析英汉习语的文化内涵,来揭示中英两民族早期不同的经济生活模式以及对生活的不同态度。     

基于效率和经济价值的期货套期保值二次决策准则

基于不同风险测度得到的期货套期保值策略不同,利用套期保值效率可以对比分析不同风险测度下的套期保值效果.然而,当考虑套保成本时,套保效率大的套保策略不一定是"最优"的.为兼顾套保效率和套保成本,引入经济价值进一步对比不同套保策略的效用,提出期货套期保值二次决策准则.首先,构建方差、VaR和CVaR等风险测度下的期货套期保...     

Forecasting and nowcasting emerging market GDP growth rates: The role of latent global economic policy uncertainty and macroeconomic data surprise factors

In this paper, we assess the predictive content of latent economic policy uncertainty and data surprise factors for forecasting and nowcasting gross domestic product (GDP) using factor-type econometric models. Our analysis focuses on five emerging market economies: Brazil, Indonesia, Mexico, South Africa, and Turkey; and we carry out a forecasting horse race in which predictions from various different models are compared. These models may (or may not) contain latent uncertainty and surprise factors constructed using both local and global economic datasets. The set of models that we examine in our experiments includes both simple benchmark linear econometric models as well as dynamic factor models that are estimated using a variety of frequentist and Bayesian data shrinkage methods based on the least absolute shrinkage operator (LASSO). We find that the inclusion of our new uncertainty and surprise factors leads to superior predictions of GDP growth, particularly when these latent factors are constructed using Bayesian variants of the LASSO. Overall, our findings point to the importance of spillover effects from global uncertainty and data surprises, when predicting GDP growth in emerging market economies.     

2000年-2017年中国PM2.5污染的健康影响及经济损失时空分布模式

当今环境下,大气污染是危害人体健康的主要威胁之一,对包括PM2.5在内的细颗粒物污染造成的人群健康影响和经济损失的估算是目前研究的热点之一.该研究采用人口、PM2.5污染浓度等基础数据以及流行病学等相关领域的研究结果,将全国区域划分为5 kmX5 km的精细格网,根据暴露—反应关系函数及统计生命价值法(VSL)、疾病成...     

BJ4320SMFJ型车和ZK6100H型车维护周期验证与经济效益分析

结合车辆运行生产实际,采用试验对比及数理统计方法,实施信息反馈,验证并在必要时对前期理论研究阶段所得到的模型解进行修正,以便最终确定目前国产主要货运和客运使用车型的最优维护周期。     

辽宁省能源消费的因素分解——基于完全分解模型

在描述辽宁省经济增长、经济结构、能源消费量和能源密度的基础上,运用无残差的完全分解模型进行量化分析,分解出经济增长、结构和能源密度等因素对能源消费变动的影响效果,得出相应的影响效果系数,并通过与全国平均水平比较,找出辽宁省能源消费变动的特征与分阶段各因素的具体影响效果,为辽宁等老工业基地制定能源政策,提高能源利用效率提供科学的依据.     

快开式隔膜压滤机在煤泥水处理中的应用

通过和厢板压滤机的对比,介绍了快开式隔膜压虑机的主要技术特点;通过在试验过程中和加压过滤机对比,展现了快开式隔膜压虑机优异的性能,说明了应用快开式隔膜压虑机对煤泥水系统进行改造后良好的经济效益和社会效益.     

科技进步对经济增长作用的分析

以把经济系统看作是一类生灭过程而建立的宏观经济分布参数模型为基础 ,研究科技进步与经济增长的关系 .通过对资产发展方程的研究 ,分别讨论了积累率、劳动力和科技进步以及它们对经济增长的作用 .通过分析 ,进而指出只有依靠蕴含无穷潜力的科技进步才能保证国民经济持续、健康、快速的发展 ,才能真正提高人民的生活水平 .     

“城市化”发展模式对农村剩余劳动力转移的影响

"三农"问题的突破口在于农村剩余劳动力的转移,而"城市化"则是劳动力转移的最佳途径。我国建国以来一直采用城乡分隔的管理体制,城市化远远滞后于工业化。在城市化发展模式选择上,有以大中城市发展为重心和以发展小城镇为重心两种主要观点。不同的城市化发展模式对农村剩余劳动力转移的影响不同。根据我国的国情,我国的城市化模式应该是既能发挥城市的集聚功能,又能很好地实现农村剩余劳动力的转移。由此,提出了"五元经济结构"的假设,我国应该以发展大中城市为主,小城镇建设为辅。在大城市转移剩余劳动力有限的情况下,小城镇可以发展以为农服务的产业来实现农村剩余劳动力的非农化转移。     

On the Modelling and Forecasting of Multivariate Realized Volatility: Generalized Heterogeneous Autoregressive (GHAR) Model

Recent multivariate extensions of the popular heterogeneous autoregressive model (HAR) for realized volatility leave substantial information unmodelled in residuals. We propose to employ a system of seemingly unrelated regressions to model and forecast a realized covariance matrix to capture this information. We find that the newly proposed generalized heterogeneous autoregressive (GHAR) model outperforms competing approaches in terms of economic gains, providing better mean–variance trade‐off, while, in terms of statistical precision, GHAR is not substantially dominated by any other model. Our results provide a comprehensive comparison of the performance when realized covariance, subsampled realized covariance and multivariate realized kernel estimators are used. We study the contribution of the estimators across different sampling frequencies, and show that the multivariate realized kernel and subsampled realized covariance estimators deliver further gains compared to realized covariance estimated on a 5‐minute frequency. In order to show economic and statistical gains, a portfolio of various sizes is used. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.