Rapid cold hardening process of insects and its ecologically adaptive significance

In contrast to overwintering cold hardening, a rapid cold hardening process has recently been described in insects. This process can rapidly enhance cold tolerance of insects in several hours or even minutes. The characteristics of rapid cold hardening include inducing conditions, cold hardening effects, and fitness costs. Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of rapid cold hardening include rapid changes in the phospholipid composition and the increase in hemolymph osmolalities, polyols production, proline and cold-induced proteins. Moreover, there are different views about the ecologically adaptive significance of rapid cold hardening in insects. This paper reviews research results about rapid cold hardening of insects since 1987, focusing on forms of cold injury, strategies of cold tolerance, and definitions, characteristics, physiological and biochemical mechanisms and adaptive significance of rapid cold hardening.     

皖南传统聚落的生态适应性

以景观生态的视角，对皖南传统聚落的选址、布局以及巷道空间、单体建筑形态等进行了分析与研究，以对当代建筑设计有所启迪．     

民族生态审美场论

与相应的审美氛围、审美风范双向对生并走向整生的民族审美活动循环圈 ,构成民族生态审美场。民族生态审美场是民族生态审美学的整体对象 ,它的逻辑结构统观化整生化展开 ,构成当代民族生态审美学的理论体系     

A Study on Forest Species Diversity and Its Ecological Service Function in the Plateau Area of Western Sichuan

This paper presents a study on species diversity and its ecological service function in the plateau area in western Sichuan. The results show that species diversity in the plantations on the cutover land has a tendency to increase and that its ecological service function is to be improved with stand age growing. The species diversity in forest communities is also gradually increased on different succession stage till reaching a climax level. But the species diversity in the climax community is slightly decreased before it reaches a relatively constant status. Ecological service function of diversity is gradually strengthened with the progress of succession. In addition, species diversity in a stand in a similar site and at a same age differs among forest types. Species diversity index within a coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest is larger than that within a coniferous forest. Meanwhile, species diversity enriches as the tree density increases.     

废弃钻井液减量化方法探讨

论述了废弃钻井液减量化的主要方法。通过这这些方法的具体运用,可有效减少废弃钻井液的产生量和排放量,减少对周围环境和地下水的污染,保护生态环境,使钻井作业达到法律法规和标准的要求,树立钻井企业形象,提高国内外钻井市场占有率和经济效益。     

利用猪粪集约化生产蝇蛆的生态工程研究

利用蝇蛆对猪粪的能量、物质进行消化吸收，在集约化生产条件下获得生物肥及蝇蛆蛋白两个产品．结果表明，蝇蛆生物肥为咖啡色、无奥和疏松状，其肥效指标明显优于自然熟化的猪粪，氮含量显著优于干猪粪；蝇蛆干品的氨基酸总量、粗脂肪含量、粗纤维和灰分含量等指标均优于鱼粉．蝇蛆处理猪粪具有提高生产利润、净化生产环境等一系列经济效益、社会效益和生态效益，具有农业生态工程的特点．     

邛崃波尔山羊场牧业生态系统能流物流的研究

运用生态学的系统分析方法，以邓崃波尔山羊场牧业生态系统为研究对象，对其能流、物流以及能量和物质的转化效率和经济效益进行了研究．结果表明，该牧业生态系统以畜产品及畜体输出的能量和粗蛋白质分别占相应总输出的31．07％和31．77％，家畜能量和粗蛋白质的转化效率分别为16．560／o和17．81％，产值盈利率为36．42％，其中羊高达52．26％．该系统是一个值得推广的牧业生态系统．     

试论达尔文进化论在生态学发展中的地位

介绍了现代生态学发展的特点和达尔文的进化论及完善过程，认为达尔文提出的生态思想是朴素的生态观，其进化论是种—种群的进化，从本质上并未涉及到其他生态学等级的进化；必须以普遍联系的系统观和时空观评价生态学发展现状，生态学研究也必须注重局部各因子之间、整体与局部之间的作用关系。初步探讨了能否象牛顿力学那样将自然选择力作为推动生物进化的“万有引力”的生态学研究问题。     

对我国生态环境保护的思考

论述了我国森林生态、农业生态、草地生态、水生态、矿产资源开发、生物多样性等方 面的生态环境保护的思路,讨论了生态环境保护的基本原则.     

艾蒿人工生态绿地对生活污水中氮和磷的去除

考察艾蒿人工生态绿地在不同水力负荷下对生活污水中氛和磷的去除效果．，结果表明，艾蒿人工生态绿地启动快，处理效果稳定。人工生态绿地构建后即有很好的除磷效果，构建2周后有较好的除氮效果，在试验的水力条件下，总氮去除率达92％--95％，水力负荷对总氮去除率的影响小，总磷的去除率可达到95％，水力负荷对总磷去除率的影响很大。