热处理条件对热蒸镀WO3薄膜结构的影响

采用高真空热蒸发沉积技术在硅单晶Si(111)衬底上沉积了WO3薄膜.借助化学刻蚀,SEM,XRD和Raman光谱分析等手段,研究了不同的热处理条件(大气环境,真空,不同气氛)对WO3薄膜结构的影响.结果表明,在真空条件下或干燥Ar气氛条件下对薄膜进行退火热处理有利于控制薄膜晶粒的生长(保持薄膜良好的电致变色性能),同时有利于增强薄膜的稳定性.     

钛酸钠纳米线的电传输特性研究

利用电子束光刻技术制作了基于钛酸钠纳米线的纳米器件。分别在大气和真空两种环境下测量了该器件的电学特性,发现器件所处的气体环境可以影响其电传输特性,这可能是由于纳米线表面的氧分子吸附造成的。另外,还研究了紫外光（UV）照射纳米线对器件电学特性的影响,发现紫外光可以使纳米线产生很大的光电导。研究表明上述纳米器件可用作气体探测器和光电探测器。     

TiO2薄膜折射率的调控方法

采用电子束蒸发技术及其辅助工艺制备了TiO2薄膜,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对薄膜的组织结构进行了表征,采用紫外可见分光光度计研究了TiO2薄膜的折射率变化.结果表明:传统电子束蒸发镀制的TiO2薄膜的折射率低于块体值,通过调节氧气压、沉积速率和衬底温度可在1.97～2...     

基于热分析和(火用)分析的氧化铝生产蒸发工序节能研究

阐述热分析和(火用)分析在氧化铝蒸发工序节能降耗中的意义,建立工序的热分析和(火用)分析模型,并以此对某厂蒸发工序进行热效率和(火用)效率的分析.研究结果表明:蒸发工序热效率仅为30.67％,(火用)效率仅为15.08％,热损失严重,用能水平低,节能潜力大;热分析确定的高耗能环节为冷凝水自蒸发器和末效蒸发器,(火用)分析确定的高耗能环节不仅为冷凝水自蒸发器和末效蒸发器,还有传热过程(火用)损失和流动过程(火用)损失.通过对蒸发工序进行热分析和(火用)分析,评价工序用能水平,确定耗能的主要环节、部位及节能潜力,指出蒸发工序的节能降耗途径.     

电子束蒸发制备碳化硼微球涂层的工艺研究

自行设计一套筛网反弹盘三维沉积装置,用于电子束蒸发制备碳化硼微球涂层. 采用电子束蒸发法并结合此装置在直径为1 mm的玻璃小球表面沉积了碳化硼涂层. 研究了筛网振动频率、电子束制备工艺对沉积速率、涂层厚度以及涂层表面粗糙度的影响. 采用X射线照相技术测试涂层的厚度;XPS测试涂层表面成分;AFM表征涂层的表面形貌和均方根粗糙度. 结果表明：涂层主要成分为B4C,表面较为光滑、均匀;当筛网振动频率为0.25 Hz,且电子束蒸发工艺参数定为：真空度P小于3×10-3 Pa,高压U 等于6 kV,束流I 在 1     

Models for calculating phreatic water evaporation on bare and Tamarix-vegetated lands

Groundwater is the main source of water consumption of natural vegetation in arid regions. It is an effective approach to study ecological water demand of natural vegetation by phreatic evaporation. In order to study the ecological water demand of Tarim river basin, based on the observation data of phreatic evaporation on bare lands at the Aksu Water Balance Experimental station from 1989 to 1996, by analyzing the relationship of phreatic evaporation, depth of phreatic surface and evaporation of water, taking the limit rate of phreatic evaporation as the control condition, and based on the objective law that the relation between phreatic evaporation and evaporation of water is nonlinear, we establish models for calculating phreatic evaporation on bare land, which can fully reflect the law of phreatic evaporation in the Tarim river basin. According to the data of depth of phreatic surface and soil moisture when pheratic level decline is caused just by evapotranspiration on Tamarix-vegetated land from 2003 to 2004, we calculate the amount of phreatic evaporation and set up models for calculating phreatic evaporation on Tamarixvegetated land. Phreatic evaporation on bare land and Tamarix-vegetated land could be transformed each other by a Tamarix vegetation conversion coefficient. The test results show that the calculation accuracy of the models is high and the models are suitable for Tarim river basin.     

Individual dispersion of synthetic imogolite nanotubes via droplet evaporation

Morphology of synthetic imogolite nanotubes formed in droplet evaporation was investigated by transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. The nanotubes form a dense entangled network at higher concentrations,while at lower concentrations the nanotubes are liable to form ori-ented bundles. Under enthanol atmosphere,individual dispersion of nanotubes was observed for the first time,which reveals the length polydispersity of synthetic imogolite nanotubes.     

空调工况下非共沸制冷剂蒸发时的换热特性

为了揭示空调工况下非共沸制冷剂在蒸发器中的换热特性，探明制冷剂和换热流体间温差的沿程变化规律，建立了制冷剂的蒸发换热模型，根据标准的空调工况确定了制冷剂的蒸发物性参数．利用制冷剂状态方程得到蒸发过程中温度与焓的对应关系，计算出制冷剂和换热流体在蒸发过程中的温差．通过归纳沿程位置的温差变化，得到它的变化规律，对大多数非共沸制冷剂，换热温差沿程呈非线性变化，这为合理设计蒸发器提供了一定的理论依据．最后应用上述方法对15种非共沸制冷剂的蒸发特性进行了评价，发现R407C制冷剂换热性能最优．     

酒泉西部盆地新第三系生油的可能性

酒泉西部盆地新第三系白杨河组富含油气,油源问题至今未解决。普遍认为新第三系不能生油,生油层为下白垩统。作者从蒸发环境生油的观点出发,认为白杨河组不仅是含油层系,也可能是生油层系。这一认识,已为原油孢粉分析和同位素年龄测定所证实。     

土壤中热、水、气运动的研究

给出了计算不饱和土壤中热、水、气运动的二维数学模型，并对无作物覆盖情况下土壤中热、水、气运动进行了数值模拟，得到了一定环境条件下土壤床内各场量的分布，为进一步分析农作物理想的热力与生态环境奠定基础．