Induction of nicotine in tobacco by herbivory and its relation to glucose oxidase activity in the labial gland of three noctuid caterpillars

Tobacco Nicotiana tabacum L. is a host plant ofHelicoverpa armigera (Huibner), Helicoverpa assulta Guenee and Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). The difference in leaf nicotine response to the feeding by these three larvae and the mechanical simulation of their feeding was examined by HPLC. Results indicated that nicotine induction was suppressed by H. armigera and H. assulta larvae feeding or by simulated damage treated with their labial glands extracts. The production of nicotine was also suppressed by the glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger when it was treated on mechanically wounded leaf area. On the contrary, the nicotine production was stimulated by S. litura larva feeding or by simulated damage treated with its labial gland extract. Heat denature can not counteract the stimulation effect of the S. litura labial gland extracts to tobacco nicotine production. The glucose oxidase activity was detected in labial gland extracts of both H. armigera and H. assulta, but the activity in H. armigera was significantly higher than that in H. assulta. No glucose oxidase activity was detected in labial gland extracts of S. litura. It is shown that the glucose oxidase activity in labial glands of caterpillars plays an important role in the nicotine response to herbivory. The glucose oxidase was mainly contained in the labial gland of H. armigera larva, and had the highest activity at pH 7.0. D-Glucose was the optimal substrate of the glucose oxidase. Labial gland glucose oxidase activities varied daily during larval development with high activities found when larvae were actively feeding.     

一类三点边值问题正解的存在性

利用Krasnosel＇skii不动点定理研究了一类二阶非线性常微分方程三点边值问题正解的存在性问题,得到了正解存在的几个充分条件.     

锚喷支护对隧道围岩的稳定性分析

基于隧道围岩和支护相互作用的粘弹性理论解,探讨了锚喷支护隧道围岩的稳定性,并结合殷家岩隧道进行了详细的分析,取得的结果对其它类似工程的设计和施工有一定的参考意义.     

超声波协同纳米铁降解2,4-二氯苯酚的研究

通过间歇性实验对超声波协同纳米铁降解2,4-二氯苯酚进行了研究,结果表明:协同作用大大提高了降解率, 如在反应时间为2 h,纳米铁体系对2,4-二氯苯酚的降解率为11.3%,超声波体系对2,4-二氯苯酚的降解率为36%,两种反应体系的降解率迭加值为47.3%,而协同体系对2,4-二氯苯酚的降解率则达到88.3%.同时考察了时间、声强、pH、2,4-二氯苯酚初始浓度、反应器的直径和纳米铁粉的投加量等对协同反应降解效果的影响.     

论文化诗学的价值向度

文化诗学作为文学理论研究的一个视角是可能且现实的,它旨在解脱诗学的现实困境,并赋予其新的价值功能.文化诗学有其存在的根据、存在的形式和功能价值.对诗学自律与文化他律的研究后,我们认为它还应有文化批判的价值向度,并主张诗学家与诗人一起追寻文学背后的文化意义和人之存在的终极价值.     

约束非线性l1问题的调节熵函数法

针对约束非线性l1问题不可微的特点,提出了一种光滑函数的近似逼近方法。该方法利用调节熵函数和罚函数技术将约束非线性l1问题转化为无约束可微优化问题,因而可利用光滑优化的经典算法求出原问题的近似最优解。给出了基于光滑优化问题的BFGS迭代,并介绍了约束非线性l1问题的调节熵函数的有关性质、算法的迭代步骤及其收敛性分析。最后通过数值实例表明了该算法的有效性。     

TiO_2光催化活性的研究

采用搅拌式光催化反应器,以中压汞灯作光源,甲基橙为模型化合物,考察了SO42- 处理及Cu2+对TiO2 光催化活性的影响.研究发现,SO42- 处理以及Cu2+ 的加入都能够提高TiO2 的光催化活性,在此反应体系中甲基橙的降解为一级反应,甲基橙的光催化降解速率与光强度成正比,TiO2 光催化剂的投加量为150 mg/L,Cu2+的加入量为200μg/L时光催化效果最佳.     

2-(4-羟基苯氧基)丙酸乙酯的合成

以L-乳酸乙酯为原料，经酰化、缩合反应合成了2-(4-羟基苯氧基)丙酸乙酯．实验主要考察了催化剂、反应温度与时间、原料配比、溶剂用量、碱用量等因素的影响，荻得了优化的反应条件，收率达90％以上．经红外光谱、质谱对合成的化合物进行了结构袁征。     

念动训练法提高健美操教学的探讨

采用实验对比的方法，结合心理学原理，分对照组与实验组进行训练。心理学中的念动训练法对学习者的影响较大，对照组与实验组的差别较大，实验组的健美操动作掌握较好。     

L-(-)-酒石酸柱撑水滑石的插层组装及超分子结构

用返混沉淀方法实现了L-(-)-酒石酸柱撑水滑石(LDHs)超分子结构手性层柱材料的插层组装, 得到结晶度高、晶相单一,且L-(-)-酒石酸在层间有序排列的超分子结构手性层柱材料.用X射线衍射、红外光谱及差热分析表征了超分子结构手性层柱材料的结构.