超声波在还原染料染色中的应用研究

本文是继文献[1]、[2]之后,对超声波染色进行理论分析的实践证明之后,以还原染料上染纯棉织物的小试入手,讨论了超声波对还原染料染色的可能性。结果表明,采用超声波染色技术,不但可以提高染料的上染百分率,增加匀染、透染性,还可以实现织物的低温短时间染色,同时还可以采用较少的染料获得实验所要求的色泽深度。具有广阔的发展前景。     

超声心动图象内外膜的自动检测与测量

为定量计算一些重要的心脏功能数据,提高心脏病的诊断水平,研究了超声心动图象内外膜的自动检测与测量技术．首先对超声心动图象进行滤波以消除图象中的噪声,并运用模糊数学理论进行模糊边缘增强,提取超声心动图象的内外膜边缘信息;接着对超声心动图象作二值化处理和椭圆曲线拟合,初步得到心脏的内外膜边缘;再采用相应的三次样条插值和平滑技术,得到光滑、连续的心脏内外膜边缘．在此基础上,再对心脏进行节段划分,并计算有关的心脏功能数据．经实验证实,用此方法可快速得到较准确的结果．     

动态超声彩色血流图像的计算机仿真

计算机仿真超声彩色血流图像，可以为各种超声彩色血流图像处理方法的性能比较提供有效的信号源．在仿真某一时刻静态超声彩色血流图像的基础上，根据给定的一个心动周期的最大血流速度曲线，计算出血管内的血流速度分布随时间的变化，对一个心动周期划分24时相，仿真出动态超声彩色血流图像。     

超声波法合成三烷基硼及其裂解制备碳化硼

在超声波作用下采用一步合成法分别制备三乙基硼、三丙基硼和三丁基硼;考察超声波作用对合成产物产率的影响,用红外光谱及元素分析表征合成产物的结构;以合成的三乙基硼、三丙基硼和三丁基硼为原料通过热裂解制备纯度较高的碳化硼超硬材料;讨论不同原料和裂解温度对合成产物中C含量的影响.研究结果表明:以三乙基硼为原料在温度为1 400K进行裂解时,其裂解产物中B4C,B2O3和裂解自由碳的含量分别为94.0%,2.2%和3.8%.     

Relationship between the exposure dose of high intensity focused ultrasound and the heated necrosis element

Heated necrosis element of tissues is the basis for treating tumor by high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), so study on the relationship between the HIFU exposure dose and the heated necrosis element of tissues is of great significance for both HIFU clinical applications and basic research. Using Pennes and Rayleigh formulae the relationship between the exposure dose of an annular focused transducer and the heated necrosis element (I.e. Biological focused region) in a bovine liver in vitro at a depth of 2 cm is simulated in an exposure dose range with radiation sound intensity of 7000～25400 W/cm2 and exposure time of 0～20 s. The theoretical results appear to be in quite good agreement with the experimental ones. It is shown that on the basis of existing theories the heated necrosis element produced by HIFU exposure can be predicted. The deviation of the theory from the experiments under higher exposure dose has also been discussed.     

超声激活血卟啉对在体艾氏腹水肉瘤的抑制

利用频率为2.0 MHz,强度为5.0 W/cm2的超声激活血卟啉对在体小鼠艾氏腹水瘤细胞 进行了抑癌作用研究.通过对一次和多次处理的肿瘤体积和重量变化趋势的研究,发现声动力疗法 对艾氏腹水瘤细胞增殖有显著抑制作用,且多次处理比一次处理效果更为明显.     

基于超声多普勒效应的浴室跌倒检测

提出了一种使用20 k Hz超声波检测浴室跌倒状况的方法,并进行了浴室环境中的测试.由于跌倒会造成失重,身体运动速度增大,导致产生多普勒效应,造成反射的超声频率的偏移.根据这一频移判断人是否跌倒,并采取相关措施,可以在保护隐私的前提下结合浴室的特点保护人们的健康和安全,为智能医疗的发展打下良好的基础.     

A new method for uniform local heating deep in body using ultrasound phased-array system

A new method for targeted heating of deep tissue was developed by using an ultrasound phased-array system which can generate various multiple foci patterns by electronically changing its amplitude or phase pattern. This method involves using a technique of combining switching and rotating of multiple foci patterns to create a uniform temperature over tissue volumes in various size. Using this method, the target tissue deep in the body can be heated to a specified temperature, which gives conditions for thermo-sensitive liposomes release. A simulation study for a 108-element, spherically sectioned array was performed to determine an optimal heating scheme from a set of multiple focus fields which were produced by inputting different combinations of phases and amplitudes. Comparisons of a static multiple foci field, the switched fields and the switched-rotated fields indicated that the technique of combining switching and rotating of multiple foci patterns has advantages of both lowering the peak temperature and evening the temperature distribution. The simulation results also show that the therapeutic heating zones in various size employing the combined method. These results offer significant data for designing thermotherapy equipment for tumor-specific drug release with thermo-sensitive liposomes.     

微纳米薄膜材料中激光皮秒超声的数值模拟

基于双温模型和热弹性耦合理论,采用有限元方法,针对A1/Si3N4和A1/Si3N4/Si两种层状薄膜材料中激励皮秒超声,建立激光飞秒超声的有限元数值模型,得到A1薄膜中电子和晶格的温度场,进而分析薄膜内部的应变和表面位移响应.对比研究了双温模型理论和傅里叶热传导理论的计算,结果表明皮秒超声研究采用双温模型求解温度场更为合适,数值分析得到应变具有幅值较小且波形展宽的结果.表面位移响应峰的形成是超声波在薄膜材料界面处发生反射引起的.     

三维空间Doppler夹角的测量与流速校正方法的研究

超声血流测量系统往往由于无法确定声束 -流速夹角 (Doppler夹角 ) ,因而只能检测真实血流速度的轴向分量。为了解决这一问题 ,该文提出了一种新的基于电磁式定位机构的三维空间 Doppler夹角和速度的测量方法。它借助电磁式定位机构的定位信息重构出血管的三维形状 ,并利用几何关系求出声束与血流的夹角 ,从而得到三维空间中的血流速度估计。实验证明 ,这个方法具有较高的测量准确度