玉米茎秆抗倒伏的综合评价

建立了玉米茎秆的力学模型 ,利用力学理论和方法 ,给出了玉米茎秆临界力的具体表达式。根据此表达式 ,可对玉米茎秆的抗倒伏能力进行综合评价 ,临界力越大 ,抗倒伏能力越强。对于同一种玉米品种 ,种植密度不同 ,或肥力不同 ,其抗倒伏能力不同 ,茎秆系数越小 ,抗倒伏能力越强。文中给出了玉米倒伏与茎秆各物理量之间的关系 ,为玉米抗倒品种的选育以及超高产育种提供了理论依据     

福田红树林桐花树和秋茄的生长过程研究

对深圳福田红树林群落两个优势种桐花树（Ａｅｇｉｃｅｒａｓｃｏｒｎｉｃｕｌａｔｕｍ）和秋茄（Ｋａｎｄｅｌｉ－ａｃａｎｄｅｌ）进行横剖树干解析，研究这两个树种的胸径、地径、树高、材积生长量的年变化规律及形数年变化规律，结果为：胸径、地径、树高、材积生长量呈镊合状曲线态；其年生长量一般在其最大值的５０％～９８％之间；各种平均生长量随年龄的增加而平缓地增加，近峰值而未及，可见两树种有相当长的成熟及衰老期，它们的现存年龄为２０ａ左右；两树种的基部形数不随年龄的增加而呈规律性的变化，很难确定其经验形数值     

Regulation of BMP4 on the proliferation and differentiation in SVZa neural stem cells

The neural stem cells in the anterior subventricular zone (SVZa) mainly generate the progenitors that will differentiate into neurons, and along a highly circumscribed migratory access Rostral migratory stream (RMS), they migrate to the olfactory bulbs (OB). To understand the effects of BMPs on SVZa neural stem cells, in this study BMP4 at various concentrations was used to induce SVZa neural stem cells, and the living cell labeling using BMP4 promotor conjugated with red fluorescence protein showed the expression of BMP4 dynamically. The results demonstrated that low BMP4 doses (1-5 ng/mL) promoted while high doses (10-100 ng/mL) inhibited the proliferation of SVZa neural stem cells, and BMP4 promotedneuron differentiation in the early stage (1-3 d), howeverm, it inhibited the neuron commitment after 4 d. Noggin, the antagonist of BMP4, blocked the physiological effects of BMP4. In OB, BMP4 is mainly to accelerate the progenitors to withdraw from the cell cycle and trigger the differentiation, and in RMS, it promotes the proliferation of committed progenitors and not differentiation, further in SVZa, BMP4 enhances astrocyte commitment.     

Isolation of human epidermal stem cells by adherence and the reconstruction of skin equivalents

The isolation of human epidermal stem cells is critical for their clinical applications. In the present study, we isolated three populations of epidermal keratinocytes according to their ability to adhere to collagen type IV: i.e., rapidly adhering (RA), slowly adhering (SA), and non-adhering (NA) cells. The aim of this study was to characterize RA cells and to investigate the possibility of using these cells for epidermis reconstruction. To identify RA cells, flow cytometric analysis was performed using anti-₆ integrin and anti-CD71 antibodies. RA cells express high levels of ₆ integrin and low levels of CD71, which are considered as markers of an epidermal stem cell nature. Furthermore, electron microscopy showed that RA cells are small and have a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio, whereas SA and NA cells have well-developed cellular organelles and abundant tonofilaments. Western blot analysis showed that RA cells are slow cycling and express p63, a putative epidermal stem cell marker, whereas SA and NA cells express c-Myc, which is known to regulate stem cell fate. To compare epidermal regenerative abilities, skin equivalents (SEs) were made using RA, SA, and NA cells. The epidermis constructed from RA cells was well formed compared to those formed from SA or NA cells. In addition, only SEs with RA cells expressed ₆ integrin and ₁ integrin at the basal layer. These results indicate that RA cells represent epidermal stem cells and are predominately comprised of stem cells. Therefore, the isolation of RA cells using a simple technique offers a potential route to their clinical application, because they are easily isolated and provide a high yield of epidermal stem cells.Received 2 July 2004; received after revision 20 August 2004; accepted 10 September 2004     

Culture in low levels of oxygen enhances in vitro proliferation potential of satellite cells from old skeletal muscles

The proliferation ability of satellite cells (considered the 'stem cells' of mature myofibers) declines with increasing age when cultured under standard cell culture conditions of 21% oxygen. However, actual oxygen levels in the intact myofiber in vivo are an order of magnitude lower. No studies to date have addressed the issue of whether culturing satellite cells from old muscles under more 'physiologic' conditions would enhance their proliferation and/or differentiation ability. Therefore, we analyzed satellite cells derived from 31-month-old rats in standard cultures with 21% O₂ and in lowered (∼3%) O₂. Under the lowered O₂ conditions, we noted a remarkable increase in the percentage of large-sized colonies, activation of cell cycle progression factors, phosphorylation of Akt, and downregulation of the cell cycle inhibitor p27^Kip1. These data suggest that lower O₂ levels provide a milieu that stimulates proliferation by allowing continued cell cycle progression, to result ultimately in the enhanced in vitro replicative life span of the old satellite cells. Such a method therefore provides an improved means for the ex vivo generation of progenitor satellite cell populations for potential therapeutic stem cell transplantation. Received 20 April 2001; received after revision 28 May 2001; accepted 31 May 2001     

GFP标记的GDNF重组腺病毒载体的构建和体内外表达

通过构建绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)和胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(GDNF)共表达的腺病毒载体,讨论其在治疗脊髓和脑有关神经系统疾病的潜在应用价值,了解腺病毒载体在大鼠体内的分布及在体外分泌外源基因产物能力,并对其生物安全性作了初步考察,为GDNF重组腺病毒载体在临床和基础研究中的应用作了一定准备．     

耐盐能源植物海滨锦葵(Kostelezkya virginica)再生体系的建立

对海滨锦葵组织培养再生体系进行了研究，结果表明：1．海滨锦葵茎段外植体较好的愈伤组织诱导培养基组合为MS＋KT1．5mg／L＋IAA2．0mg／L或MS＋6-BA4．0mg／L＋IBA0．2mg／L＋Inositol50mg／L．2．海滨锦葵愈伤诱导不定芽的较好培养基组合为MS＋NAA2．0mg／L＋2iP5．0mg／L和MS＋NAA0．5mg／L＋2iP5．0mg／L．3．海滨锦葵腋芽分化不定芽的较好培养基组合为改良MS（含2倍有机营养）＋KT0．4mg／L＋IAA1．0mg／L．MS基本培养基中适当提高有机营养的含量对腋芽的增殖有促进作用，实验中以有机营养的含量为基本培养基2倍时效果较好．4．不定芽在1／ZMS的培养基中附加IBA1．0mg／L牛根最好．     

不同品种淀粉接枝共聚物的性能

将马铃薯淀粉、竹芋淀粉、木薯淀粉、玉米淀粉4种不同淀粉分别与丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸接枝共聚,并对各种淀粉所得的接枝共聚样品（以下称吸水性树脂）进行接枝率、吸水倍率、吸水速率以及失水速率的测定、对比及分析;并以木薯淀粉为基料,研究了淀粉不同添加量对接枝共聚物吸液性能的影响.     

黑骨藤伸筋透骨喷雾剂中薄荷醇的测定

建立了气相色谱法测定黑骨藤伸筋透骨喷雾剂中薄荷脑含量。使用HP5890A气相色谱仪:FID氢火焰检测器,HP3396A色谱工作站,DB WAX(PEG 20M)15 m×0.53 mm×0.25μm弹性石英毛细管色谱柱;载气:高纯氮,载气流速为12 ml/min;进样口160℃,柱温:90℃(3 min,10℃/min)-120℃(3 min,20℃/min)-140℃(2 min);检测器温度200℃.薄荷脑标准曲线为Y=1.029X-0.0044;本法RSD均<1.5%;相当于样品中薄荷脑含量50%、100%、200%宽范围内的平均加标回收率分别为103.4%,98.82%,99.34%。本方法快速简便准确,可以用于黑骨藤伸筋透骨喷雾剂中薄荷脑含量的测定和产品质量控制。     

等曲率井眼中钻柱与井壁问接触力分析

建立了等曲率井眼中考虑轴向力和重力的钻柱平衡方程式，采用理论和非线性有限元的方法分析了等曲率井眼中钻柱与井壁之间的接触力。采用牛顿一拉普森方法对非线性有限元方程进行了迭代求解。要保证理论分析的精度，同样需要考虑边界条件。计算结果表明，由于外力的作用，钻柱紧贴于井壁的一侧时，钻柱的刚度对钻柱与井壁间的接触力无影响，此时，井眼曲率越大，钻柱与井壁之间的接触力越大。当外力不足以使钻柱紧贴于井壁的一侧时，钻柱的刚度对钻柱与井壁之间的接触力有影响。与理论分析相比，非线性有限元方法应用范围更广，解的精度更高。