Optimal Dispatching of Large—scale Water Supply System

This paper deals with the use of optimal control techniques in large-scale water distribution networks. According to the network characteristics and actual state of the water supply system in China, the implicit model, which may be solved by utilizing the hierarchical optimization method,is established. In special, based on the analyses of the water supply system containing variable-speed pumps, a software tool has been developed successfully. The application of this model to the city of Shenyang (China) is compared to experiential strategy. The results of this study show that the developed model is a very promising optimization method to control the large-scale water sup-ply systems.     

Investigation on the Cause of Excessive Vibration of an Offshore Platform

0　IntroductionWiththeexploitureanddrillingforoceanre source,offshore platformsaremost prolificandprevalentintheoffshoreindustrytoday .Asthefun damentalinstallationsofdevelopmentofoceanre sources ,designingrequirementsofoffshoreplatformsarebecomingmoreandmoreimportant.Underenvironmentalloadsduetowind ,cur rent ,waveandevenseismicprotectionattack ,off shoreplatformsinevitablyvibrateduringtheirlife time .While ,foranormalconditionthisvibrationissmallandtheoccupantsontheplatformdon tsenseitatall.…     

Dynamical framework with blocking topography coordinates for atmospheric GCM and its validation

The dynamical framework with Blocking Topography Coordinates (hereafter, BTC), which is suited to handle the steep topography for the atmospheric general circulation models, is presented in this paper, together with its validation results. The integral properties of both the differential and finite-difference equations for the BTC dynamical core are: gross mass conservation, quadratic conservation for advection terms, Coriolis force does not change the kinetic energy, conservation of total available energy. The improved nonlinear iteration scheme is utilized for the time-integration. The energy conservation for BTC dynamical core is validated by using the integration results from 9-layer and 21-layer version respectively. Comparison results show that, the changes of the kinetic energy and total available potential energy during the integration are quite close for both the BTC dynamical framework and the dynamical framework of IAP 9-level and IAP 21-level AGCM, and this may suggest that the BTC dynamical core can be used for long-term integration with good computational stability. Furthermore, the BTC dynamical core has the advantage over the terrain following (sigma) coordinates in its better representation of the influence of the large-scale topography on the atmospheric general circulation. Finally, the correctness and reasonableness of the BTC dynamical core has been further proved by the numerical simulation of the topography influence on the quasi-stationary planetary wave with 21-layer version of BTC dynamical framework.     

企业技术创新的关键在于企业与科技人员互动

企业技术创新要求企业与科技人员合作 ,合作的基础是利益诱导。在分析了企业与科技人员的利益目标差异的基础上 ,用一个抽象的组合激励理论模型 ,说明了两者“双赢”的行为选择 ,为推动企业技术创新提供了一种思路。     

基于图像分析的实验模型变形场量测标点法

在模型观测面上 ,通过设置嵌入式彩色标点 ,在实验各阶段利用数码相机拍摄照片 ,然后应用数字图像处理技术 ,识别并比较每一实验阶段的标点坐标 ,利用有限元中常用的四边形等参变换的方法将测点图像空间坐标转换为模型空间坐标 ,实现了图像校准和变形计算 .开发了一套应用软件系统 ,用于数字图像标点识别分析和结果数据的可视化处理 ,精度检验实验结果表明测点位移识别均方误差为 0 .14～ 0 .5 2个像素 ,相当于模型观测范围的 5 / 10 0 0 0 0～ 1.5 / 10 0 0 0 .最后给出一个在粘土地基承载力模型实验中的应用实例     

钢闸门结构时变刚度模型及其可靠度评估

基于可靠性原理，建立了水工钢闸门结构正常使用极限状态刚度可靠度分析的极限状态方程，提出了钢闸门结构刚度可靠度分析的3种计算模式．对影响钢闸门结构构件刚度衰减的主要因素——钢材锈蚀进行了统计分析，得到了锈蚀规律，并进一步分析得到了闸门构件刚度的衰减模型．以受弯构件为例，采用JC法对其刚度可靠指标进行了计算分析．结果表明，其刚度可靠指标满足结构可靠性总原则的要求，且露顶门的刚度可靠指标大于潜孔门的刚度可靠指标，从而初步确定了现行水工钢闸门设计规范正常使用极限状态的刚度目标可靠指标。     

不同增长趋势下中长期电量预测组合优化灰色模型

针对中长期电量预测中时间跨度大、电力需求增长不确定的特性，根据不同时期的增长率，运用灰色理论进行优化分段预测，同时引入组合模型的概念，建立了以残差平方和最小为目标函数的组合优化模型，并运用二次规划法求解，算例证明，该方法能得到较高精度。     

基于晶粒尺寸的结构钢热变形流变应力数学模型

从晶粒尺寸角度出发，提出晶粒形变度的概念，建立了一个用以描述金属材料热变形行为的数学模型，具有精度高、简单直观、受分界点影响小且计算曲线连续等优点．该模型具有一定微观物理基础，既能描述动态再结晶前的强化阶段，又能描述动态再结晶后软化阶段的热变形流变应力，对两种结构钢的热变形流变应力进行了计算，并与试验值及其他模型的计算结果进行了比较．     

城市地价监测点配置的一种模式

地价监测点配置关系到城市地价水平的真实反映，影响到我国城市地价监测体系的系统性和规范性．提出以空间分层抽样技术为基础，首先确定城市地价监测点总量，然后选择一定的指标，分别确定地价监测点在城市内不同区域、不同用地类型、不同土地级别中的分布，经综合平衡，最后确定地价监测点配置方案．该模式解决了我国当前地价监测体系建立中如何配置监测点这一技术问题．     

中国农产品显示比较优势降税模型

根据比较优势理论，竞争优势理论建立了中国农产品的静态和动态显示比较优势降税模型。讨论了模型解的存在性。