[(PbCl_2)_(0.55)(PbO)_(0.45)]_(1-x)(KCl)_x系的混合晶界效应

本文通过混合晶界效应模型,对[(PbCl_2)_(0.55)(PbO)_(0.45)]_(1-x)(KCL)_x体系中当O.05≤x≤0.22时为x≤0.03(主相为3PbCl_2·2PbO)和x≈0.25(主相为Pb(OH)Cl型物相)两个高导电相的混合相,且电导率低下的现象进行了说明,并通过解析阻抗谱做了验证.     

Arachidonic acid release by ionomycin and phorbol ester is similar in C127 epithelial cells expressing wild-type or mutated (ΔF508) cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator

The Ca²⁺ ionophore ionomycin induced cytosolic [Ca²⁺]_i elevation as well as strong activation of Cl⁻ efflux in mouse mammary epithelial cell lines expressing wild-type or mutated (deletion of phenylalaline 508) cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) or vector. Ionomycin-induced Cl⁻ efflux was abolished by the intracellular Ca²⁺ chelator 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid, whereas both activators and inhibitors of phospholipase A₂ had no effect, indicating the involvement of Ca²⁺-dependent Cl^- channels. Stimulation of arachidonic acid release by ionomycin and phorbol ester was not significantly different between wild-type or mutated cell lines, whereas vector-transfected cells exhibited a significant higher release, which was shown to be due to larger amount of immunoreactive cytosolic phospholipase A₂. These results indicate that phospholipase A₂ activity of C127 cells was not influenced by the presence of wild-type or mutated CFTR. Received 27 April 1999; received after revision 11 June 1999; accepted 23 July 1999     

铂-钨非配偶型电极上钯（Ⅱ）的零电流示波电位滴定法及其应用

以氯化十六烷基吡啶(CPC)为滴定剂,用铂片电极和钨棒电极为指示电极,利用阴极射线示波器荧光屏上荧光点的突然位移来指示CPC滴定Pd(Ⅱ)的终点,具有简便准确,快速直观等特点.用该法测定陶瓷亮钯金水中的钯结果良好.     

吡啶类添加剂存在下对苯二甲酰氯与对苯二胺的低温溶液缩聚

在N-甲基吡咯烷酮——氯化钙溶剂体系中,对苯二甲酰氯与对苯二胺低温溶液缩聚时,加入吡啶类添加剂,可以提高聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺的分子量。本文讨论了不同结构的添加剂,添加剂的用量、添加方式、氯化钙含量及其与吡啶的关系、单体配比、单体浓度等因素对聚合体对数比浓粘度的关系,存在一个较佳的反应条件区域。当氯化钙含量在7—10％时,只要加入少量添加剂,就能大幅度地提高聚合体的粘度。     

Identification of swelling-activated Cl<Superscript>-</Superscript> current in rabbit cardiac Purkinje cells

The presence and functional role of the swelling-activated Cl^- current (I_Cl(swell)) in rabbit cardiac Purkinje cells was examined using patch-clamp methodology. Extracellular hypotonicity (210 or 135 mOsm) activated an outwardly rectifying, time-independent current with a reversal potential close to the calculated Cl^- equilibrium potential (E_Cl). The magnitude of this current was related to tonicity of the superfusate. The current was blocked by 0.5 mM 4,4-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2-disulfonic acid (DIDS). These features are comparable to those of I_Cl(swell) found in sinoatrial nodal, atrial, and ventricular myocytes. I_Cl(swell) activation at 210 and 135 mOsm depolarized the resting membrane potential with 6 and 10 mV and shortened the action potential by 18 and 33%, respectively. DIDS partially reversed I_Cl(swell)-induced action potential changes. We conclude that I_Cl(swell) is present in Purkinje cells and its activation leads to action potential shortening and resting membrane potential depolarization, both of which can promote the development of reentrant arrhythmias.Received 20 January 2004; received after revision 17 February 2004; accepted 25 February 2004     

明胶-十二烷基硫酸钠复配体系表面活性的研究

对明胶－十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)复配体系,研究了SDS浓度、明胶浓度、明胶种类及分子量对其表面活性的影响。实验结果表明,随着SDS浓度的增加,体系的表面张力降低,并在其变化曲线中有一“平台”区域,同时体系的乳化力增大,其乳化力顺序为纯SDS溶液>水解皮明胶－SDS>水解骨明胶－SDS>骨明胶－SDS>皮明胶－SDS体系;各体系的起泡力及其稳定性亦随之增大。而明胶浓度的增加导致了各明胶－SDS体系表面张力的增大,且明胶浓度对大分子明胶体系的影响较之小分子明胶体系要大;明胶浓度的增加降低了体系的泡沫稳定性;但明胶浓度及其种类、分子量对体系的乳化力影响不大。     

X－ray reflectivity investigation of the foam bilayer film formed by hexaethylene glycol dodecyl ether

When the thickness of soap foam film varies in adefinite region, color changes of a soap bubble will be observed due to the interference of light. Black soap films are the final stages of thinning of soap films due to the drainage of water in the absence of evaporation and are generally formed from solutions of an ionic surfactant in the presence of salt. After a bubble is formed, in the beginning the soap film is relatively thick and it appearswhite; then the film thins gradually and finally …     

燃烧法合成长余辉材料CaWO4：Eu^3＋及其发光性能

为探索用燃烧法合成掺加SiO2的长余辉材料CaWO4∶Eu^3＋,以H3BO3为助熔剂,NH4NO3为氧化剂,柠檬酸（CA）为还原剂,掺加正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）,研究了NH4NO3,柠檬酸,TEOS的最佳添加量及其对长余辉发光材料的发光性能的影响.使用X射线衍射仪,荧光/磷光发光分光光度计测试了其晶相,激发和发射光谱以及发光强度.X射线衍射检测结果表明：在500℃时得到CaWO4∶Eu^3＋长余辉材料,800℃的发光效果相对最好.荧光/磷光发光分光光度计检测结果表明：最佳摩尔比nCa^2＋∶nCA∶nNH4NO3∶nTEOS是1∶2.75∶20.63∶5.添加TEOS能显著提高CaWO4∶Eu^3＋的发光性能.     

PDMDAAC-PFS复合絮凝剂处理硅藻土悬浊液的絮体分形特征

采用扫描电镜考察了聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵-聚合硫酸铁复合絮凝剂(PDMDAAC-PFS)处理硅藻土悬浊液的絮体形貌,并与单独使用PDMDAAC和PFS产生的絮体进行比较.运用密度-密度相关函数计算了絮体的分维,探讨了絮体的结构、分维与沉降速度的关系.结果表明,使用PDMDAAC-PFS产生的硅藻土絮体分维为1.89,比单独使用PFS和PDMDAAC产生的絮体分维大(分维分别为1.67和1.55),其沉降速度比使用PFS产生的絮体快;絮体结构为内部有较多内孔的网状结构,内孔的可渗透性可降低沉降阻力,提高沉降速度.图5,参9.     

镉对草鱼的急性毒性效应及SOD的影响

以静水生物测试法研究了氯化镉对草鱼的急性毒性效应及其肝胰脏、肾脏和鳃组织的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的影响.结果表明:镉对草鱼的急性毒性作用时间为24,48,72和96 h的半数致死质量浓度(LC50)分别是45.58,34.81,28.63和24.05 mg.L-1,因此镉对草鱼的生态毒性为高毒.Cd2+低浓度时,肝胰脏和肾脏组织SOD活性均为"先降后升再降",而Cd2+为高浓度时SOD活性始终处于被显著抑制(p<0.05);鳃组织在低Cd2+污染时SOD活性为"先降后升",而高浓度的Cd2+污染时其SOD活性为"先降后升再降".但是草鱼鳃组织的SOD活性明显低于肝胰脏和肾脏的SOD活性.