浅议社会主义政治文明本质内涵

社会主义政治文明与社会主义物质文明、社会主义精神文明一起共同构成我国社会主义现代化建设的三大基本目标。其本质是人民民主政治。社会主义政治文明是党的领导、人民当家作主和依法治国有机的统一。     

景观异质性与生物多样性关系探讨

生物多样性是人类生存和发展的基础，它决定着景观生态系统的稳定性和复杂性。景观异质性是生物多样性的前提，景观异质性有利于促进景观生态系统的能量流动和物质循环，减小扰动的传播，并是生态系统生物共生的基础。干扰影响景观异质性及生物多样性，人为的干扰使景观破碎严重，直接影响生物多样性保护，自然景观的科学管理是保护生物多样性的核心与保证。     

宿根福禄考组织培养技术与快繁研究

本文利用组织培养技术研究宿根福禄考的快速繁殖，为大量培育宿根福禄考种苗提供可靠方法。所用适宜诱芽培养基为：ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ３ｍｇ／ｌ＋ＮＡ·０．１ｍｇ／ｌ＋糖３０ｇ／ｌ＋琼脂６ｇ／ｌ；适宜生根培养基为１／２ＭＳ＋肌醇全＋有机物全＋１／２Ｆｅ盐＋ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／ｌ＋糖１５ｇ／ｌ＋琼脂６ｇ／ｌ；适宜过渡移栽基质训：珍珠岩／沸石＝１：１。     

Differential effects of the serotonin receptors on cultured rat cerebral cortical neurons

Effects of serotonin (5-HT) on cerebral cortical neurons were examined by patch clamp techniques. 5-HT produced a variety of responses such as outward (19/73 patches/neurons), slow inward (15/73 patches/neurons), fast inward (8/73 patches/neurons), and mixed currents (initially fast inward deflection followed by an outward response: 2/73 patches/neurons), with a latency of 12 sec, 15 sec, 0 sec, and 0 sec respectively, at a holding potential of −60 mV in whole-cell patches. The fast inward currents were again evoked by a selective 5-HT3 receptor agonist, 1-(m-chlorophenyl)-biguanide hydrochloride (CPBG). In the cell-attached patch clamp configuration, 5-HT inside the patch pipette elicited single channel currents with slope conductances of 42 pS and 132 pS (4/42 patches/neurons). CPBG inside the patch pipette evoked inward single channel currents with a lower slope conductance of 41 pS (3/23 patches/neurons). In contrast, application of 5-HT or a 5-HT₂ receptor agonist, α-methyl-5-hydroxytryptamine-maleate, outside the patch pipette induced outward single channel currents with a major slope conductance of 140 pS (8/30 patches/neurons) or 135 pS (6/20 patches/neurons), respectively. These results indicate that the outward and fast inward currents may be mediated respectively by the 5-HT₂ receptor, which is coupled to a G-protein, and by the 5-HT₃ receptor, which contains the non-selective cation channel, and that the mixed type may be caused by both the 5-HT₂ and 5-HT₃ receptors. Received 27 September 1996; received after revision 4 November 1996; accepted 7 November 1996     

Effect of hydrogen peroxide on the binding of Merocyanine 540 to human erythrocytes

The fluorescent dye Merocyanine 540 (MC540) is often used as a probe to monitor the molecular packing of phospholipids in the outer leaflet of biomembranes. In a previous study we showed that the increased staining of erythrocytes with a perturbed membrane structure was mainly due to an increase in the fluorescence yield of cell-bound MC540, rather than to an increase of the number of bound molecules. Erythrocytes and ghosts exposed to continuous fluxes of H₂O₂ exhibited pronounced lipid peroxidation. Further, red blood cells subjected to this form of oxidative stress also showed increased staining with MC540. It appeared that this was caused by a strong increase in binding of MC540, together with a slight red shift of the fluorescence emission maximum and a small increase in the fluorescence yield of bound MC540. The changed MC540 binding characteristics were not observed when lipid peroxidation was suppressed by the presence of the antioxidant BHT in the incubation medium. However, open ghosts exposed to H₂O₂ showed no increase of MC540 binding, excluding a direct involvement of lipid peroxidation. Measurement of fluorescence emission spectra and gel filtration studies showed that MC540 can bind to H₂O₂-exposed hemoglobin. Experiments with erythrocytes lysed in hypotonic medium after exposure to H₂O₂ revealed that peroxidation of lipids with H₂O₂ induced a non-specific permeabilization of the plasma membrane to MC540, thereby allowing MC540 to bind to the oxidatively denatured, more hydrophobic hemoglobin. These results indicate that conclusions about packing of phospholipids in the outer leaflet of the membrane based on increased MC540-staining should be drawn with care. Received 27 September 1996; received after revision 5 November 1996; accepted 27 November 1996     

黄土高原的VA菌根真菌(VI)─—摩西球囊霉、缩球囊霉及细凹面无梗囊霉

文中报道了产于黄土高原的三个新记录种：缩球囊霉在山地及农田土壤中均有出现，频度高，丰度较小。摩西球囊霉仅出现于农田土壤中，频度较高，丰度中等。细凹面无梗囊霉只出现于一个土样中，频度极低，丰度较小     

利用地表化探详查方法确定断块油藏边界

对我国东部某断块油田进行了地表化探详查研究．采用０．２５ｋｍ×０．２５ｋｍ测网，通过地表土壤介质的地化分析，确定了该油田长期以来悬而未决的油藏边界，建立了断块油气藏可能的异常模式，并从油气化探角度提出了对该油藏进行进一步钻探的合理化建议．该项试验成果表明，利用地表化探详查的方法确定我国东部断块油藏的边界和含油层分布是可行的．     

长叶片冷却风扇扭曲规律的气动优化设计

利用透平机械欧拉方程和经典的变分原理，推导出了内燃机冷却风扇沿径向气流参数优化设计的数学模型，建立了风扇叶片扭曲规律优化设计的数学方法．应用该方法对６１０２汽油机冷却风扇进行了优化设计，并将计算结果与等反击系数流型和自由涡流型的计算结果做了比较     

利用遗传算法辅助设计数字滤波器

介绍了一种改进的遗传算法，并讨论了其特性和运行机理．主要研究了利用此算法辅助设计低通数字滤波器的方法和步骤．仿真实验结果表明，遗传算法用于数字滤波器设计具有良好的优越性和潜在的应用前景     

油田采油量优化与分配模型

根据油田产量随开采时间增加而不断递减的特点，研究了采油量的转化问题及转化条件，建立了以经济效益为中心的注水优化模型，确定了生产量临界条件及经济极限关系式，最后给出了以最小消耗为目标的算例