数字与旅游

数字给旅游景点冠名等可使旅游景点资源系列化、系统化、形象化、个性化。提示其规律;对提高旅游资源利用价值有实际意义。     

系统发育分析在古DNA研究中的应用

介绍了系统发育分析的基本原理及各种构树方法的统计学基础,阐述了各种分析方法在古DNA数据分析中的具体应用,并对各种方法的优缺点进行了评价.分析了系统发育分析的局限性和发展趋势,以及古DNA研究的不断发展对其所提出的问题.     

基于混合搜索算法的图像稀疏分解

为了提高图像稀疏分解的效果,降低其计算时间,提出一种基于量子进化算法(quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithm,QIEA)和改进差分进化算法(improved differential evolution,IDE)的混合搜索算法,并应用到图像稀疏分解中。该方法将IDE引入到QIEA中,前期进行QIEA寻优,当寻优搜索到的最优解经过多次进化后没有变化时,引入IDE以提高搜索解的精度和质量。图像稀疏分解的仿真实验结果表明,与QIEA和IDE相比,混合搜索算法的图像稀疏分解方法获得的重构图像具有最好的图像视觉质量和最高的峰值信噪比,且具有相对较低的计算时间。     

论思想政治教育功能的传承与嬗变

构建社会主义和谐社会是新的历史时期的一项重大战略任务,为思想政治教育工作创新提供了新的视角,提出了新的要求。正确地运用思想政治教育工作的激励、调节、导向和凝聚功能,为构建和谐社会提供强大动力,是我们党的思想政治教育工作发展的重要历史经验。     

中国文学中地府判官形象演变与文化蕴涵

研究了地府判官形象的演变,认为它发轫于唐,盛于唐后,随时代递变呈现出文学的演绎特征。唐代文学家模仿人间官职将判官形象移入冥界官制之中,赋予判官佛教化与中土化的双重文化特征,为文学绘就了特殊的人物图谱。随着冥界观念的成熟与世俗信仰的普及,判官形象渗入多种文学体裁中,日益丰富多彩。后代文学中的判官走向神坛,寄托了士庶的人生期望与运势憧憬,体现出神谱化的文学特征。     

图书馆技术创新演化初探

从技术改良和技术革命这两条线索来揭示图书馆技术创新的演化过程,以期对今后图书馆的技术发展提供些许借鉴。     

高速移动环境中提供QoS保证的跨层调度算法

在高速移动环境中,为了使调度器充分利用信道的时变特性和业务的服务质量(QoS)特性,通过分析业务超时的概率定义了移动效用,给出了业务时延特性、移动速度、中断容量和移动效用的关系.基于移动效用,提出三种调度算法,证明了贪婪算法的最优性,但复杂度较高.为了降低复杂度,基于移动效用的时变特性进一步提出了最大化效用梯度(MG)的调度算法,仿真结果表明,该低复杂度算法在保证系统获得较高吞吐量的同时,显著地提高了高速移动环境下的用户体验.     

海运交通经济带系统演化及平衡点研究

为研究海运通道与其沿海经济区域发展的相互作用关系和演化趋势,在交通经济带理论中拓展海运部分,以海运通道运输量和经济带陆向纵深为共生规模变量,建立海运交通经济带单方非独立共生演化的Logistic模型,以运输经济、烟羽模型、微积分等方法提出其变量作用系数的量化途径和形式,解决未知参数,实现交通运输和地理空间不同范畴、无法...     

Environmental control versus phylogenic fingerprint in ontogeny: The example of the development of the stalk in the genus Guillecrinus (stalked crinoids,Echinodermata)

The stalk morphology of the deep‐sea stalked crinoid Guillecrinus changes a lot from juvenile to adult. As a result of its unusual morphology among the extant crinoids, its taxonomic and phylogenetic affinities remain unsettled. Distinctive morphological changes characterize the various growth stages in stalked crinoids. We conduct and discuss a detailed ontogenetic analysis of the stalk of the two species (Guillecrinus neocaledonicus and G. reunionensis) of this Indo‐Pacific genus, which was observed in its environment during submersible dives off New Caledonia. Analyses examined (1) morphological changes, (2) the degree of change in morphology, (3) architectural constraints, and (4) the functional constraints related to environmental factors. The relations between three levels of integration were examined: the ossicle (columnal), the stalk, and the complete individual. The changes in level of organization were estimated. The analysis reveals that the external stalk morphology of Guillecrinus goes from a pronounced xenomorphic type in juveniles, characterized by diversified columnal articulations, which provide the proximal and distal part of the stalk with a considerable degree of flexibility, to a dominant homeomorphic type in adults, characterized by columnal articulations which allow little or no movement. This ontogenetic change through a mosaic of heterochronic developments corresponds with a change in the hydrodynamic environment, from a turbulent to a laminar water flow, and from nutritional contraints. The extensive development of deep ligament fossae in adults and in the distal stalk of juveniles corresponds to a relatively low allocation of energy to the skeleton, rather than a functional necessity. Proximal columnals in juvenile Guillecrinus display characteristics of adult Hyocrinidae. Distal columnals exhibit the typical morphology observed in Bourgueticrinina. Juveniles stages of both proximal and distal columnals show a high degree of specialization (derived characters). Well‐supported classifications have typically placed the Bourgueticrinina and the Hyocrinidae in two very dissimilar groups. Specific characteristics from the three very different families Bathycrinidae, Guillecrinidae and Hyocrinidae appear to be expressed either separately (Hyocrinus or Bathycrinus) or together (Guillecrinus). Their expression appears to depend on functional and environmental constraints. The transformation of columnals from juvenile to adult shows the important role of hypermorphic processes. However, no evidence of phylogenetic recapitulation was observed. Does the evidence presented here support or disprove current taxonomic interrelationships? How does morphology relate to ontogeny? Is heterochrony involved?     

A review of red-eye pigmentation and diel activity patterns in skippers (Lepidoptera,Papilionoidea, Hesperiidae)

ABSTRACT

The visual systems and diel activity patterns of butterflies and moths have been studied for decades, yet understanding the underlying mechanisms that are associated with the evolution of these remains a major challenge. The order Lepidoptera is principally composed of nocturnal lineages with extreme morphological and behavioural adaptations to this lifestyle. Although most butterflies are diurnal, some clades are predominantly nocturnal, for instance, the Hedylidae. Skippers are another family that comprises multiple crepuscular and/or nocturnal lineages. Interestingly, many such lineages have red-eye pigmentation, and this morphological feature has been hypothesised to be an adaptation to the night-time lifestyle. Here, we review the occurrence and frequency of red-eye pigmentation as well as diel activity patterns in Hesperiidae. We place these data within a phylogenomic framework and provide hypotheses and predictions relative to the evolution of red-eye pigmentation in skippers with respect to diel activity. We suggest that several types of red-eye pigmentation exist in skippers, with possible structural red-eye pigmentation in some lineages of diurnal skippers. The colouration of eyes in Hesperiidae, the evolutionary mechanisms that drive these traits and the physiological underlying processes require further attention and could bring new insights into our understanding of butterfly vision systems.