Effect of H2S concentration on the corrosion behavior of pipeline steel under the coexistence of H2S and CO2

The effect of H2S concentration on H2S/CO2 corrosion of API-X60 steel was studied by scanning electron microscopy, a weight-loss method, potentiodynamic polarization tests, and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique. It is found that the cor-rosion process of the steel in an environment where H2S and CO2 coexist at different H2S concentrations is related to the morphological structure and stability of the corrosion product film. With the addition of a small amount of H2S, the size of the anode reaction region is de-creased due to constant adsorption and separation of more FeS sediment or more FeHS＋ions on the surface of the steel. Meanwhile, the dou-ble-layer capacitance is diminished with increasing anion adsorption capacity. Therefore, the corrosion process is inhibited. The general cor-rosion rate of the steel rapidly decreases after the addition of a small amount of H2S under the coexistence of H2S and CO2. With a further increase in H2S concentration, certain parts of the corrosion product film become loose and even fall off. Thus, the protection provided by the corrosion product film worsens, and the corrosion rate tends to increase.     

电催化析氧反应过渡金属硫化物催化剂研究进展

析氧反应（oxygen evolution reaction, OER）、析氢反应（hydrogen evolution reaction, HER）和氧还原反应（oxygen reduction reaction, ORR）为电解水、金属-空气电池等能源器件的半反应。其中,OER由于涉及4e^-转移和O-O键的形成而导致反应动力学迟缓和过电势高,因此,开发优异的OER电催化剂能够有效提高能量转换效率。到目前为止,过渡金属硫化物催化剂（transition metal sulfide catalysts, TMSs）被研究人员大量研究和报道,并且取得飞跃发展。介绍在不同电解质中的OER机制,并通过对近几年相关文献的综合归纳,探究TMSs催化剂的组成、导电性、质子传输、缺陷程度、界面化学等多种因素对OER的影响。综述目前过渡金属硫化物电催化剂在OER领域所面临的挑战和研究进展,希望为TMSs的研究者提供借鉴。     

某硫化铅锌矿矿石浮选工艺流程的改进

改进了青山铅锌矿床硫化铅锌矿石锌精矿的浮选工艺流程,指出改变流程内部结构是提高锌精矿品位和回收率的有效途径并予实现。与原流程相比,锌的回收率由原来的68．71％提高到91．59％,锌精矿品位由50．72％提高到61．03％,铅回收率由73．29％提高到83．80％,药剂用量总体减少了21％。     

Electrochemical and spectroscopic study of interfacial interactions between chalcopyrite and typical flotation process reagents

Comparative voltammetry and differential double-layer capacitance studies were performed to evaluate interfacial interactions between chalcopyrite (CuFeS₂) and n-isopropyl xanthate (X) in the presence of ammonium bisulfite/39wt% SO₂ and caustic starch at different pH values. Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, contact angle measurements, and microflotation tests were used to establish the type and extent of xanthate adsorption as well as the species involved under different mineral surface conditions in this study. The results demonstrate that the species that favor a greater hydrophobicity of chalcopyrite are primarily CuX and S0, whereas oxides and hydroxides of Cu and Fe as well as an excess of starch decrease the hydrophobicity. A conditioning of the mineral surface with ammonium bisulfite/39wt% SO₂ at pH 6 promotes the activation of surface and enhances the xanthate adsorption. However, this effect is diminished at pH ≥ 8, when an excess of starch is added during the preconditioning step.     

邻苯二甲酸二丁酯致小鼠卵巢毒性的实验研究

目的:探讨邻苯二甲酸二丁酯对小鼠卵巢的影响及其机制.方法:320只小鼠分别灌胃不同剂量的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)(0,100,250,500 mg/(kg·d))30天,在5 d,10 d,20 d,30 d时用分光光度法检测小鼠卵巢超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)的活性及丙二醛(MDA)的含量,用免疫组织化学法检测卵巢Bax蛋白的表达情况.结果:DBP降低了SOD、CAT、AKP、ACP的活性,增加了MDA的含量和Bax蛋白的表达.双因素方差分析表明,剂量因素对结果的影响大于时间因素.结论:DBP促进了细胞凋亡,抑制了卵巢的抗氧化能力.     

一种基于分子内环化反应的荧光触发型探针在硫化氢检测中的应用

硫化氢是一种重要的气体信号分子,参与调节多种生物过程.对生物样品内的硫化氢进行选择性成像是理解其生理功能的一个重要手段.本研究报道一种具有新型反应机理的无荧光探针(DNP-CMP)在硫化氢检测中的应用.通过硫化氢介导硫解反应可脱除DNP-CMP的二硝基苯醚保护基,而暴露的羟基引发探针的分子内环化反应,生成荧光分子香豆素,从而实现硫化氢的低背景检测.DNP-CMP检测硫化氢的专一性高,可藉以实现细胞内硫化氢的荧光成像.     

硫化锑精矿湿法清洁冶金新工艺

研究硫化锑精矿的浸出—净化—电积的闭路循环实验。考察温度、添加剂种类及浓度、Sb3+浓度和电流密度对沉积锑的形貌和质量的影响,得到避免爆锑形成的优化条件:阴极电流效率高达99%,每吨锑电耗约为1 200 kW.h。利用隔膜电积阳极室生成的SbCl5为浸出剂,得到SbCl5浸取硫化锑矿的最佳条件:温度为85℃,H+浓度为3.5 mol/L,液固比为8:1,SbCl5过量系数为理论量的1.1倍,浸出时间为1.5 h,在此条件下,硫化锑矿的浸出率达到99.5%。浸出液经过锑粉还原、硫化除重金属及Na3PO2除砷,得到的净化液用于电沉积能够得到质量良好的沉积物。     

Discussion of gas enrichment mechanism and natural gas origin in marine sedimentary basin,China

There are abundant natural gas resources in Chinese marine sedimentary basin. The exploration hot shots of natural gas are the Palaeozoic marine strata here in recent years, and several large scale gas fields have been discovered. Chinese Palaeozoic high-post matured and coal measure hydrocarbon source rocks are mainly prone to gas generation in the present. This research considered that gas source rocks and TSR are the key cause of gas enrichment of marine strata. High-quality argillaceous and coal measure hydrocarbon rocks are distributed widely in the Palaeozoic marine strata, which have been in highly matured phase in the present. The argillaceous source rock generally contains various sulfates that could accelerate crude oil cracking to gas for TSR occurrence, and coal measure source rock mainly generates gas, so Chinese marine basin gives priority to accumulating gas. Marine strata have not founded oil reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin and Ordos Basin, and they consist mainly of dry gas. Marine natural gases are the mixed gases of oil cracking gas and coal-formed gas in a general way, oil cracking gases contain usually some H2S and CO2. Hydrocarbon carbon isotopes are very complicated, and methane and ethane isotopic values bear apparent reversal caused by thermal evolution and mixing among different genetic types of natural gas. Coal-formed gases are the main component of Chinese marine natural gas. The Upper Permian of the Sichuan Basin and the Carboniferous-Permian of the Ordos Basin coal measure hydrocarbon source rock present large hydrocarbon generation potential, which are the prospecting highlight of marine natural gas hereafter. Oil cracking gas exploration will be paid much attention to in the Tarim Basin because of the lack of coal measure hydrocarbon source rock.     

生物滴滤法去除硫化氢与苯乙酸混合废气

采用填充ZX03型填料的生物滴滤塔处理H2S与C6H5CH2COOH的混合制药废气。主要考察了不同进气浓度比例下H2S与C6H5CH2 COOH的去除效率，不同流量下的压力损失及气体停留时间对去除率的影响。结果表明：随着H2S与C6H5CH2COOH进气浓度比例的提高，H2S的去除率均保持在95％以上，C6H5CH2 COOH的去除率逐渐下降。当H2S与C6H5CH2COOH的进气质量浓度分别为P（H2S）〈400mg／m^3与ρ（C6H5CH2COOH）〈800mg／m^3，其最佳气体停留时间为30s。该生物滴滤塔压力损失小，无堵塞现象，可长期稳定运行。     

CaS∶Mn~(2 )荧光体的微波辐射合成及发光特性

用微波辐射法合成了ＣａＳ∶Ｍｎ２＋橙红色荧光化合物，用ＸＲＤ测定了它们的晶体结构，系统考察了各种不同浓度下的Ｍｎ２＋离子激活剂对发光性能影响．初步认为，微波辐射能使Ｍｎ２＋离子在ＣａＳ基质晶格中均匀扩散，并能提高激发剂的掺入量，阻止Ｍｎ２＋离子的簇集，延缓Ｍｎ２＋离子对的形成．合成方法可得到晶相纯、粒度细小均匀、稳定性高、防潮性好和发光效率高的ＣａＳ∶Ｍｎ２＋荧光体．