Phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase and diabetic pregnancy: an association between low molecular weight acid phosphatase and degree of glycemic control

Low molecular weight acid phosphatase encoded by the highly polymorphic locus ACP 1 is a member of the protein-tyrosin phosphatase family (PTPases) which plays an essential role in the control of receptor signalling through phosphotyrosine pathways. Recent experiments have shown that purified rat liver ACP, corresponding to human ACP1, is able to hydrolyze a phosphotyrosine-containing synthetic peptide corresponding to the 1146–1158 sequence of the human insulin receptor, and shows a high affinity for it. This prompted us to analyze the degree of glycemic control in relation to ACP1 genetic variability in a sample of 214 diabetic pregnant women including IDDM, NIDDM and gestational diabetes. The ACP1 genotype was also determined in 482 non-diabetic pregnant women. In diabetic women glycemic levels in thelast trimester of pregnancy appear to be significantly associated with the ACP1 genotype, and correlated positively with ACP1 enzymatic activity. The data suggest that quantitative variations of ACP1 may influence the clincal mainifestations of diabetic disorders, and call for further studies on the role of this enzyme in the modulation of insulin-receptor phosphotyrosine pathways.     

A farnesyl arabinoside as an enhancer of glucose transport in rat adipocytes from a soft coral,Sinularia sp.

Separation of a lipophilic extract of a soft coral,Sinularia sp., assayed by enhancement of glucose transport in rat adipocytes, gave farnesyl 4-O--D-arabinopyranosyl--D-arabinopyranoside-2,2,3-triacetate (1a) whose structure was determined by spectroscopy. Enhancers of glucose transport may be useful for the prevention and treatment of diabetic disorders.     

柴苓汤治疗糖尿病黄斑水肿的疗效观察（附9例12眼报告）

应用中药方剂柴苓汤对糖尿病黄斑水肿９例１２眼进行治疗，３个月后的疗效观察提示，其视力障碍、视物变形自觉症状及眼底黄斑水肿、视网膜出血均有改善趋势，其中黄斑水肿改善率达５８％。     

急诊抢救糖尿病酮症酸中毒36例临床分析

目的：探讨糖尿病酮症酸中毒的急诊抢救要点．方法：对36例酮症酸中毒患者均给予小剂量胰岛素静滴维持、补液、去除诱因及纠正电解质酸碱平衡紊乱等治疗．结果：36例糖尿病酮症酸中毒患者治愈33例,治愈率达91%以上．结论：糖尿病酮症酸中毒患者在补液及去除诱因的基础上,合理应用外源性胰岛素治疗,对提高患者生命质量及降低病死率是非常必要的．     

db /db 鼠糖尿病视网膜病变成模率的观察

摘要: 目的 观察db /db 鼠糖尿病视网膜病变( diabetic retinopathy,DR) 的成模情况。方法每月取尾尖毛细血管血测小鼠空腹血糖值及体质量一次,共7 次。7 个月后,取10 只db /db 鼠和6 只db /m 鼠( 正常对照组) 做闪光视网膜电图( Flash electroretinogram,F-ERG) 检测。结果db /db 鼠的体质量明显上升; 但血糖值上升趋势不明显,实验组97%小鼠的血糖值未达到DR 小鼠模型的血糖值( 11. 1 mmol /L) 。F-ERG 统计结果表明,实验组a 波和b 波的潜伏时比对照组延长,差异有统计学意义( P ＜ 0. 01) ; 实验组b 波的振幅与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义( P ＜0. 01) ; 实验组Ops 总波及O2的振幅与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义( P ＜ 0. 01) 。结论本实验中db /db 鼠的空腹血糖值虽大部分未达标,但其视网膜已出现DＲ 的早期改变。造模标准不能仅依靠空腹血糖值,还应结合视网膜的病变情况。db /db 鼠的成模标准有待进一步研究及完善。     

Improvement of the classification accuracy in discriminating diabetic retinopathy by multifocal electroretinogram analysis

The multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) is a newly developed electrophysiological technique. In this paper, a classification method is proposed for early diagnosis of the diabetic retinopathy using mfERG data. MfERG records were obtained from eyes of healthy individuals and patients with diabetes at different stages. For each mfERG record, 103 local responses were extracted. Amplitude value of each point on all the mfERG local responses was looked as one potential feature to classify the experimental subjects. Feature subsets were selected from the feature space by comparing the inter-intra distance. Based on the selected feature subset, Fisher’s linear classifiers were trained. And the final classification decision of the record was made by voting all the classifiers’ outputs. Applying the method to classify all experimental subjects, very low error rates were achieved. Some crucial properties of the diabetic retinopathy classification method are also discussed.     

人参对大鼠血糖水平的影响

以大鼠为实验动物,研究了人参对实验性糖尿病大鼠血糖水平的影响.结果显示,实验组大鼠的血糖水平显著低于对照组(p<0.01).充分表明人参具有明显的降血糖作用.     

西洛他唑联合神经营养药物治疗糖尿病周围神经病变的观察

目的:观察西洛他唑治疗糖尿病周围神经病变的临床疗效和安全性.方法:将72例糖尿病周围神经病变患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每天两组均肌注维生素B12500μg及口服维生素B1、B6各60 mg.治疗组在此基础上每天口服西洛他唑100 mg,共8周.结果:(1)治疗组的显效率为58.3%,显著高于对照组的16.7%(x2=11.61,P＜0.001);治疗组的总有效率为86.1%,也显著优于对照组的61.1%(x2=4.57,P＜0.05).(2)治疗组的运动神经传导速度(MNCV)和感觉神经传导速度(SNCV)在治疗后均较治疗前明显提高(P＜0.01),且与对照组比较也有极显著性差异(P＜0.01).治疗组未见明显副作用.结论:联合西洛他唑治疗糖尿病周围神经病变安全、有效,效果优于单用神经营养药物.     

葫芦巴种子多糖对糖尿病大鼠血糖的动态影响

用四氧嘧啶（ａｌｏｘａｎ）引发Ｓ．Ｄ大鼠糖尿病模型,饲喂不同剂量葫芦巴种子提取物（ＦＳＰ１）,测定饲喂后不同时间（ｔ）的空腹血糖浓度（Ｇ）,建立Ｇ－ｔ函数关系,结合各组死亡率,降糖速率及统计检验,得出如下结论：４．５ｇ／ｋｇ体重剂量有极明显的降糖作用,对正常鼠无致毒性,其血糖下降速率随时间变小,表明可能存在受血糖浓度制约的ＦＳＰ１降糖效果的负反馈调节;０．９ｇ／ｋｇ剂量也有较明显的降糖作用,但理论时效较长;０．１８ｇ／ｋｇ剂量则无实际治疗意义     

外源性干细胞因子对糖尿病胃轻瘫大鼠胃动力的影响

目的 探讨外源性干细胞子(Stem cell factor,SCF)对糖尿病胃轻瘫大鼠(diabetic gastroparesis,DGP)胃电及胃阻抗的影响.方法 30只SD雄性大鼠随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组采用一次性腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ) 50 mg/kg并高糖高脂饲料喂食建立DGP模型;成模后随机分为糖尿病组(DM组,n=8)、糖尿病+外源性干细胞因子治疗组(DM+ SCF组,n=8);DM+ SCF组腹腔注射SCF 0.4 ug/(kg·d),共15天,对照组和DM组每天腹腔注射等量的磷酸盐缓冲液(pH=7.4).阻抗式胃动力系统检测大鼠胃动力和同步胃电,透射电镜观察胃窦平滑肌细胞超微结构的变化.结果 DM组大鼠胃电节律紊乱,胃电主功率百分比较对照组显著降低(P＜0.01);DM组大鼠阻抗主功率百分比明显降低(P＜0.01),阻抗胃动过缓功率百分比明显升高(P＜0.01);DM大鼠予SCF干预后,胃电、胃阻抗主功率百分比均有所改善(p ＜0.01;P＜0.05);DM组大鼠胃窦平滑肌细胞胞核肿胀、肌浆网、内质网扩张,部分细胞胞质内细胞器溶解、消失;DM组大鼠予SCF干预后胃窦平滑肌细胞超微结构改善,电镜下仅见平滑肌细胞胞核轻度肿胀,密斑、密体、肌丝稍减少,余细胞器未见明显异常改变.结论 外源性SCF能显著改善DGP大鼠的胃电,并能部分改善其胃蠕动,其机制与胃窦平滑肌结构的改善有关.