Multiple paths to aquatic specialisation in four species of Central American Anolis lizards

Aquatic anoles present an interesting ecomorphological puzzle. On the one hand, the link between habitat use and morphology is well established as convergent within the Caribbean anole radiation. On the other hand, aquatic anoles do not appear to form an ecomorphological group – rather, it appears that there may be several ways to adapt to aquatic habitats. We explore this issue by examining the ecology, morphology and performance of four species of Central American aquatic anoles belonging to two different lineages. Overall, we find that aquatic anoles overlap in multiple ecological and morphological dimensions. However, we do find some differences in substrate use, claw and limb morphology, and bite force that distinguish Anolis aquaticus from the other three species (A. lionotus, A. oxylophus and A. poecilopus). Our results suggest that A. aquaticus is adapted to climb on boulders, whereas the other species utilise vegetation in streamside habitats.     

The saws of sawflies: exploring the morphology of the ovipositor in Tenthredinoidea (Insecta: Hymenoptera), with emphasis on Nematinae

The variation in ovipositor sculpture and additional features of the ovipositor apparatus in Tenthredinoidea is explored. Two outgroups and 85 species of tenthredinoids were examined, the emphasis of the taxon sampling being on Nematinae. Twenty-four morphological characters where scored and the data set was analysed under different weighting conditions. The topologies derived from analysing the character set in TNT are poorly resolved and highly unstable when analytical settings are changed. Only a few clades, the Tenthredinoidea s. str., the Diprionidae, the Cimbicidae and the Argidae + Pergidae are consistently retrieved. The functional implications of the variation in ovipositor morphology within Tenthredinidae is discussed in relation to the qualities of the host plant, e.g. the hardness and the depth of penetration in plant tissue.     

石墨烯在锂离子电池材料中大有可为

锂离子电池是一种典型的可充电电池,在储能技术领域占主导地位,应用极为广泛。近年来,科技发展对锂离子电池提出了更高要求,包括高能量密度、高安全稳定性等,驱动着电池材料与结构不断创新发展。研制石墨烯基复合正极负极材料,是极为活跃的方向。在此,对锂离子电池的结构、面临的突出挑战以及石墨烯基正极和负极材料研究前沿进行了介绍,重点围绕石墨烯增强电极材料电学特性的基本原理和复合材料制备技术作了阐述,也提出了未来发展动向。     

基于模糊信息分配方法的综采工艺选择模型

提出定性指标的一种信息分配函数确定方法 ,拓宽了模糊信息分配理论的应用范围 .实例分析表明该方法能有效处理定性与定量指标共存的复杂建模问题 ,具有较高的识别精度.     

Functional methods for time series prediction: a nonparametric approach

The problem of prediction in time series using nonparametric functional techniques is considered. An extension of the local linear method to regression with functional explanatory variable is proposed. This forecasting method is compared with the functional Nadaraya–Watson method and with finite‐dimensional nonparametric predictors for several real‐time series. Prediction intervals based on the bootstrap and conditional distribution estimation for those nonparametric methods are also compared. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Dynamic density forecasts for multivariate asset returns

We propose a simple and flexible framework for forecasting the joint density of asset returns. The multinormal distribution is augmented with a polynomial in (time‐varying) non‐central co‐moments of assets. We estimate the coefficients of the polynomial via the method of moments for a carefully selected set of co‐moments. In an extensive empirical study, we compare the proposed model with a range of other models widely used in the literature. Employing a recently proposed as well as standard techniques to evaluate multivariate forecasts, we conclude that the augmented joint density provides highly accurate forecasts of the ‘negative tail’ of the joint distribution. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

调动学习兴趣提高学习成绩

文章着重探讨从培养学习兴趣出发,帮助学生重塑信心,对于提高学生学习成绩效果的研究,以便于指导今后的临床课教学工作.     

英语教学新探：高校教师自我探索之路

教师可以借助——自我反思,并依据反思后获取的新知识采取行动——探索出自己的教学方法。分析和评价教学样本,思考讲授相同课堂内容的不同方法,并制定一项教学计划。然后,通过执行这项新的教学计划,继续收集教学样本。在实施英语教育的过程中详尽地考察上述循环过程的每一阶段,并介绍教师如何通过自我反思、对其他教师教学的观摩、教学讨论、教师日记等途径以实现自我探索教学方法。     

用抽样调查法确定图书的平均出版年代与平均出版价格——以洛阳市图书馆保存本书库为例

在抽样调查理论的指导下,确定了保存本书库图书的平均出版年代、平均出版价格的估值区间,给出了平均出版年代、平均出版价格的正态分布密度函数,在此基础上确定了保存本书库所有图书在特定时间区间、价格区间内的数量分布情况,提出了优化馆藏结构的建议。     

异相光催化技术及其影响因素和改进方法

介绍半导体异相光催化反应机理、影响异相光催化的因素.综述贵金属沉积、金属离子掺杂、复合半导体、半导体的表面光敏化等改性手段对光催化活性的影响,并对其原理进行解释和说明.