基于Soft多结构元素形态学的TM图像边缘检测

基于传统的数学形态学边缘检测算法,改进结构元素,提出Soft多结构元素算子。针对TM图像中存在噪声多和边缘形态多样性的特点,构建多结构元素,并结合Soft形态学方法,对TM图像进行形态学的腐蚀和膨胀,实现遥感图像的边缘检测。     

Biological characterization of the obligate symbiosis between Acropyga sauteri Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and Eumyrmococcus smithii Silvestri (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae: Rhizoecinae) on Okinawa Island,southern Japan

The ant Acropyga sauteri Forel has an obligate, mutualistic symbiosis with a mealybug, Eumyrmococcus smithii Silvestri, on Okinawa Island, southern Japan. The mealybugs live inside ant nests nearly all their lives, and the ants depend on them for food. Alate foundress queens carry mealybugs during their nuptial flights, using them to establish new colonies at new sites. However, important aspects of the symbiosis have not yet been elucidated. The present study characterizes the basic biology of the symbiosis and describes for the first time the morphologies of all growth stages of E. smithii. Our study suggests that E. smithii has only one nymphal stage, followed by a female pupal stage or male prepupal stage. Intensive sampling of ant nests across seasons showed that A. sauteri prefers nest sites 5–20 cm underground. Acropyga sauteri produced reproductive stages mainly in mid‐March or early April, and numbers of both ant workers and mealybugs increased from spring to summer. Experimental determination of colony identity with a method using nestmate recognition by ants suggested that each ant colony rarely has a perimeter greater than 30 cm, that the ants are monogynous, and that different ant colonies are densely aggregated along the root system of a plant, adjacent to each other but not interflowing. Both symbiotic partners were vulnerable to attacks by several common subaerial ant species following physical disturbance to their nests.     

The occurrence and phylogenetic implications of the ovipositor clip within the Figitidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea)

The presence of the ovipositor clip is surveyed throughout Figitidae. This morphological structure is postulated to restrain the parasitoid host during oviposition. All Figitinae and Eucoilinae that attack semi‐concealed dipterous hosts were found to possess the clip. Figitids that attack fully concealed hosts all lacked the ovipositor clip. It is hypothesized here that two subfamilies, the Anacharitinae and Aspicerinae, attack fully exposed hosts yet lack the clip in order to quickly oviposit and prevent fighting with the host. Mapping of the presence/absence of the ovipositor clip on to two competing phylogenies suggests this structure evolved in parallel in Figitinae and Eucoilinae. The evolution of the ovipositor clip is probably responsible for the successful colonization of semi‐concealed dipterous larvae by Eucoilinae.     

聚碳酸酯冲击断面形态

用扫描电镜观察聚碳酸酯(PC)缺口冲击破坏断面形态。结果表明,断面形态主要包括平滑面、放射线条纹和带三种。放射线条纹具有金属断口似的“放射剪切花样”和“河流花样”,还有“色骨花样”和“蝴蝶翅花样”。放射线条纹基本上是以撕裂台阶形式呈位错逐段连接起来的。位于裂源区和放射线区的带的微观结构是相同的。它们都是银纹和裂纹的不连续增长带。     

AVCO SiC(SCS-6)纤维的热分析和氧化研究

本文研究了AVCO碳化硅(SCS-6)单丝纤维的热性能、热暴露后的表面形态和氧化现象以及断口形貌,并对SiC的主动氧化和被动氧化进行了分析,得出了纤维的力学性能与其氧化现象的必然联系。     

胺中和丙烯酸共聚物在水／助溶剂中溶解行为的研究

胺中丙烯酸共聚物在水/助溶剂中的溶解性随着共聚物组成中丙烯酸含量的改变而变化。当共聚物申丙烯酸的含量从10mol％增加到50mol％时,共聚物一水/助溶剂体系的粘度一浓度曲线从“N”形经“反S”形过渡到直线形。这一变化和溶液形态的研究结果表明,胺中和丙烯酸共聚物在水/助溶剂中是可以溶解的,并且其溶解性随着共聚物中羧基含量的增加而提高。     

嘉陵江鲿科鱼类骨学研究（Ⅲ）─—头骨的比较

对从嘉陵江合川至北碚段收集的４属１１种科鱼类脊头骨作了系统的比较研究。结果表明，属、黄颡鱼属、拟属和属在下颞骨的有无，嗅神经孔和舌颌骨与颅骨关节面的构成，泪骨的形态，上枕骨嵴的长短及其与背鳍第一辐鳍骨的关系，颅骨的比例性状等方面具有一分明显的属间差异，头骨形态亦可作为种间分类的重要依据之一。     

聚丙烯-聚氨酯共混体系的结构与性质

本文对聚丙烯(PP)与热塑性聚氨酯(PU)共混体系的相容性、分散相的形态、熔体的流变性质、共混物的热性质及初生纤维的染色性等作了初步的研究。结果表明,PP与PU为不相容的两相体系,PU以分散相分布于PP基质之中,其尺寸及形状随组成而变;共混物熔体的粘度-组成曲线上呈现一个极小值:当PU含量较低时,共混物的耐热性与纯PP相近;初生纤维的染色性也随PU含量的增加,有较明显的改善。