The Application of Similarity Theory in Designing Large Deflection Buckling Spring-Piece

Large Deflection Buckling Spring-Piece (LDBSP) refers to the deformation of an end-fixed flat spring-piece under normal loadings. Plastic deformation usually appears in LDBSP.The static characteristic curve is very particular, because within its linear deflection region, the spring constant can be designed to be any value from minus to plus. With its obvious advantages of large liner deflection range, low spring constant, etc., the LDBSP has now been extensively applied to the exciting device, low-frequency shock absorbers and so on. The static characteristic curve of LDBSP belongs to the nonlinear problem of an arch with varying section. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain it theoretically. The formulae for designing LDBSP have not been set up yet. In this study,the authors apply similarity theory to analyze the liner deflection range A and the spring constant K, and derive the relationship of similarity criterion, finally obtain a set of formulae for designing LDBSP by model test and the least square method, which can be applied in engineering design.Through the research, it is proved that it is unnecessary to keep geometrical similarity of spring-piece shape. This fact extends the application scope of the formulae. The proposed formulae for designing LDBSP thereby can be applied for any dimensions within the range allowed.     

A Theoretical Approach for Estimating Fracture Toughness of Ductile Metals

Fracture toughness is very important when applying Damage Tolerance Design and Assessment Techniques. The traditional testing approach for obtaining fracture toughness values is costly and time consuming. In order to estimate the fracture toughness of ductile metals, the fracture mechanics theory, materials plastic deformation theory and materials constructive relationships are employed here. A series of formulae and a theoretical approach are presented to calculate fracture toughness values of different materials in the plane stress and plane strain conditions. Compared with test results, evaluated values have a good agreement.     

形变和非简谐振动对SiC有效电荷和热膨胀系数以及弹性模量的影响

应用哈里森(Harrison)键联轨道法和固体物理方法,考虑到形变和原子作非简谐振动,得到六角形二维类石墨烯AN-B8-N化合物的热膨胀系数、弹性模量以及有效电荷的解析表示式;以SiC为例,探讨了形变和原子非简谐振动对它们的影响.结果表明:SiC的热膨胀系数和弹性模量均随温度升高而缓慢增大,但变化较缓慢;若不考虑非简谐项,则SiC的热膨胀系数和弹性模量均为零,非简谐效应是SiC的热膨胀系数和弹性模量均随温度升高而增大的原因;形变会使SiC的正负离子的有效电荷的大小均减小,减小幅度分别为14.5%和8.56%,形变对正离子有效电荷的影响大于负离子.在所述的大小、剪切、轴向拉伸、原子振动形变这几种形变中,以轴向拉伸形变对有效电荷的影响最大,以大小形变和剪切形变的影响最小.温度愈高,原子的非简谐振动效应愈显著,形变对SiC的极性和有效电荷的影响愈大.     

预加热磨削强化均匀性实验研究

针对磨削强化过程中磨削强化层沿工件磨削方向分布不均匀以及磨削后工件表面产生变形的情况,提出了一种基于温度补偿的磨削强化层均匀性改善方法.通过铜电极对工件导电加热,并在工件切入端安装304不锈钢垫片,通电后形成串联的闭合回路.利用304不锈钢的电阻率大,导热系数小的特性,在预加热条件下工件切入端形成局部高温,达到对工件切入端进行温度补偿的目的,从而提高切入端的磨削强化层深度,进而提高工件磨削强化层深度分布的均匀性.实验中研究了预加热温度和304不锈钢厚度对磨削强化层分布和工件变形情况的影响规律.实验研究结果表明:磨削力和工件磨削强化层深度随着预加热温度升高而增加;随着工件磨削切入端所加不锈钢垫片厚度的增加,磨削后工件变形减少,同时沿工件磨削方向磨削强化层深度分布的均匀性相应提高.     

微小薄壁变形预测的迭代有限元法

将迭代有限元法引入微小薄壁铣削中,建立了变形量的预测模型,预测了不同径向切削深度、不同薄壁厚度时的铣削变形量大小,通过试验加工和Deform-3D仿真对模型进行了验证.结果表明:迭代有限元变形预测值与试验加工变形量较为接近;加工后的薄壁残余厚度大于理想状况下的加工厚度;最大变形量随壁厚的增大先保持最大值然后逐渐减小至0;薄壁厚度应当与切削参数相协调,调整工件刚度与切削力大小相适应,否则会导致变形量过大.     

深部采矿岩体移动ANSYS分析

针对深部矿体开挖岩体移动变形的特点,分别运用ANSYS软件和随机介质方法对开挖引起的地表下沉进行二维模拟分析.通过将理论计算结果与实测值进行对比,结果表明,运用随机介质方法算出的理论值与实测值比较吻合,而ANSYS软件只能预测最大下沉值.本研究结果可供今后进一步探索ANSYS软件在岩土工程中应用提供参考.     

Mechanical response to axial strain in WS2 nanotubes

In order to take advantage of inorganic nanotubes for their use with pragmatic purposes, characterization of their mechanical properties becomes a relevant issue. In the present study, a series of results on the mechanical properties of WS₂ nanotubes of several diameters and two main lattice orientations was obtained by the implementation of molecular dynamics simulations using an interatomic potential of the Stillinger-Weber kind. A Young’s modulus for nanotubes of H polytype close t...     

回采工作面超前矿压显现特征及控制分析

针对谢一矿4222(3)采煤工作面的上、下风巷和辅助上山受采动影响情况,对三条巷道的矿压显现进行了现场测试。分析了回采工作面上、下风巷内单体支柱工作阻力及巷道围岩变形等变化规律,提出了受采动影响巷道的支护措施,合理的控制了巷道围岩变形,保证采煤工作面的安全回采。     

基于非连续变形分析的黄河上游某电站库岸边坡稳定性分析

为深入研究黄河上游某电站库岸边坡倾倒变形的诱发因素和破坏机理,通过建立库岸边坡的二维非连续变形分析(DDA)概化分析模型,对比分析了水位变动导致的瞬时变形和蠕变作用产生的时效变形对库岸边坡整体变形的影响,模拟库岸边坡整体和细部的变形形态,并采用校验模型将计算结果与实测变形进行对比,验证了应用DDA数值模拟方法的合理性。研究结果表明:库岸边坡倾倒变形的诱发因素是蓄水作用,变形与水位变动具有明显的相关性;该库岸边坡变形主要为时效变形,由于蓄水扰动引起的直接变形较小,在研究变形中必须考虑蠕变作用;DDA模拟岸坡整体和细部的变形形态与真实情况较为吻合,持续的倾倒变形致使局部块体失稳,但对库岸边坡整体变形的影响较小。     

Mg-Zn-Y系镁合金的研究现状与展望

镁合金作为“21世纪的绿色工程材料”,在航空航天、汽车、电子等领域具有广阔的应用前景。在诸多镁合金中,Mg-Zn-Y合金由于其独特的组织结构和优异的力学性能而成为研究热点。综述了近年来Mg-Zn-Y合金的研究现状。介绍了Mg-Zn-Y合金的物相与显微组织,主要对其存在的三种平衡相进行了简介,即准晶I相（Mg₃YZn₆）、W相（Mg₃Y₂Zn₃）和LPSO-Z相（Mg₁₂YZn）;重点综述了主要合金元素（Zn、Y、Zr、Nd、Mn、Ca等）、变形加工处理对其微观组织及强韧化行为的作用规律,并总结了相应的铸态及变形态合金的力学性能。基于已有的研究基础展望了合金的未来发展方向。