天山现今地壳变形的非连续接触模型模拟

通过有限元数值模拟的方法,利用物理接触模型模拟断裂的非连续运动,计算GPS观测结果约束下天山的地壳运动变形,探讨天山东西部差异性地壳缩短的动力学机制。研究结果表明:天山现今地壳运动方向基本为NNE—NE向,运动速度由西南往北、往东逐渐减小;在活动断裂两侧,地壳的运动状态没有大的跳变;天山现今地壳构造应力场以近南北向挤压为主,这种应力环境导致地壳发生与之相应的近南北向缩短变形;受到山体内部块体几何形态和力学性质差异的影响,天山的地壳变形并不均匀,而且地壳缩短的主方向在东西部出现微小变化:中部为近N—S向,往西偏为NNW向,往东偏为NE向;塔里木盆地的顺时针旋转导致它对天山的挤压强度由西向东逐渐减弱,在这种西强东弱的不对等挤压作用下,天山便呈现出由西向东逐渐减弱的差异性地壳缩短变形特征。     

沿空留巷围岩结构灾变系统及控制力学模型研究

运用实用矿山压力控制理论建立了沿空留巷开采灾害系统模型,提出了无煤柱沿空留巷大、小结构理论,修正了内应力场范围计算方法,建立了给定变形、限定变形2种留巷结构力学模型.研究表明:沿空留巷巷道围岩大结构是指应力拱内岩梁,小结构是指巷旁充填体、顶煤、煤帮、直接顶、底板等锚固结构,二者力源来源于应力拱内岩层,其中巷旁充填体力源为裂断拱内裂断岩梁,煤帮力源来源于应力拱内岩梁作用;内应力场范围是传统范围求解的1.4倍;沿空留巷限定变形状态承载体承担起大结构内覆岩运动产生的作用载荷,对巷道进行支承保护作用;给定变形状态承载体(护巷煤柱或充填体)不承担大结构内覆岩运动产生的作用载荷,仅承担支承范围内直接顶载荷,并对巷道进行密封保护、隔绝采空区作用.     

岩壁变形条件下结构面法向变形特征

开展了无周边约束条件下不同岩壁厚度结构面法向变形试验,结合结构面-岩壁系统刚度与系统厚度之间关系,得到了不同岩壁厚度条件下结构面-岩壁系统整体刚度的变化特征,以及岩体结构面刚度与结构面厚度.分析了不同周边约束条件下结构面刚度与闭合量之间的关系,提出了考虑岩壁变形条件下结构面法向变形本构模型及其适用条件.进一步讨论了岩壁-结构面系统的结构和材料特征,分析了结构面法向刚度合理试验方法的重要性.本研究将有利于加深对结构面法向变形特征的理解与认识.     

三维连通网状SiC陶瓷/Zr基非晶复合材料动态变形特征

利用分离式霍普金森压杆装置,对三维连通网状SiC陶瓷/Zr基非晶复合材料进行不同应变率下的动态压缩实验,采用扫描电子显微镜研究复合材料的动态变形特征和断口形貌.结果表明:复合材料的动态压缩强度随着打击速度的增加而增加;试样发生劈裂和剪切断裂,陶瓷相断口形貌为层片状、台阶式的解理断裂,非晶合金发生粘性流动,断口形貌复杂多样.在应变率＞104 s-1的冲击载荷下,非晶相表现为软化后的多重脊状条带.复合材料断口上大量的非晶球形液滴及非晶软化条带的发现表明,绝热温升在非晶变形与断裂过程中起重要作用.     

昆翅在飞行中的动态形变

通过理论模化途径研究昆翅在飞行中的动态形变机制.设计翅气动力试验平台,验证翅准静态形变影响气动力的"柔性楔形效应"理论解释.探讨昆翅的变刚度特性表明,弦向刚度分布规律符合二项式函数时具有优越性和现实性,进而指出昆姻结构的变刚度特性是产生高升力的基本条件.建立了柔性翅的简化力学模型,通过坐标变换法求解在气动力和惯性力共同...     

直通型CT试样COD弹塑性换算

基于刚性转动假设和功等效原理,推导了直通型CT试样的裂纹嘴张开位移和加载线张开位移弹塑性换算公式,并采用Cr2Ni2MoV钢对公式进行试验验证.根据弹塑性有限元分析,刚性转动假设得到了很好的验证,刚性转动中心靠近裂尖位置且受材料本构关系的影响甚微,转动半径R仅与裂纹长度和试样宽度之比a/W有关.有限元分析和试验结果表明,直通型CT试样的COD弹塑性换算公式用于塑性功计算具有更好的精度.     

计入RBFNN重构油膜力的发动机连杆变形分析

提出了一种发动机连杆瞬态变形分析的耦合分析法。设计了一个3层径向基神经网络(RBFNN),来重构活塞组件的二维油膜力,通过连杆的耦合方程,得到了连杆两端的耦合力,进而借助商用有限元软件ANSYS分析了发动机连杆的瞬态变形,同时该耦合方法的有效性被证实。仿真结果表明:在计入二维活塞组件油膜力作用下,连杆最大变形可提前或落后于压缩行程的下止点。     

Volume change behavior of unsaturated soils under non-isothermal conditions

With the development of modern geotechnical engineering practices such as the construction of high level radioactive waste repositories, exploitation and utilization of geothermal resources, energy-saving buildings and underground storage of CO 2 , research into the influence of temperature on the basic mechanical properties of unsaturated soils has become an important issue internationally. By using the work expression and considering the influence of temperature on the basic properties of unsaturated soils, the average soil skeleton stress, modified suction and temperature were selected as state variables of generalized forces in thermodynamics and the soil skeleton strain, saturation and entropy were chosen as state variables of generalized flows conjugate to the variables of generalized forces. Based on the nonlinear multi-field coupled model and by using existing experimental results, an elastic-plastic constitutive model of unsaturated soils under non-isothermal conditions was developed to analyze the influence of temperature on the deformation properties of unsaturated soils. The model was used to predict and analyze the influence of suction and temperature on the deformation properties of unsaturated soils under isotropic conditions, and was successfully verified using experimental results.     

Rolling-induced microstructure change in Zr_(65)Al_(7.5)Ni_(10)Cu_(12.5)Ag_5 bulk metallic glass

The microstructures and free-volume evolutions of as-cast and pre-annealed Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu12.5Ag5 bulk metallic glasses during rolling deformation have been investigated. No phase transformation is detected in the as-cast/rolled specimen. However,the structural stability of the glass against plastic deformation is worse after pre-annealing,indicated by nanocrystallization in preannealed/rolled specimens with large deformation degrees. Moreover,with increasing deformation degree,the free-volume content in a ...     

Rolling-induced microstructure change in Zr_（65）Al_（7.5）Ni_（10）Cu_（12.5）Ag_5 bulk metallic glass

The microstructures and free-volume evolutions of as-cast and pre-annealed Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu12.5Ag5 bulk metallic glasses during rolling deformation have been investigated. No phase transformation is detected in the as-cast/rolled specimen. However,the structural stability of the glass against plastic deformation is worse after pre-annealing,indicated by nanocrystallization in preannealed/rolled specimens with large deformation degrees. Moreover,with increasing deformation degree,the free-volume content in a pre-annealed/rolled specimen increases at a lower average rate than that in an as-cast/rolled specimen.