焊缝缺陷对蒸球使用寿命影响的试验分析

针对木浆蒸球的料孔圈上含有未焊缝缺陷的情况，设计模拟疲劳试验。通过对模拟４种状况的试样所测得的数据，对蒸球使用寿命进行了定量分析。测试结果表明：在标定内压下工作，焊缝缺陷对蒸球使用寿命的影响较小，而在经常性的超荷下运行会使该结构的使用寿命显著减少。     

NiAl位错核心结构的模拟

利用ＥＡＭ势函数对ＮｉＡｌ中〈１００〉，〈１１０〉刃位错和〈１００〉螺位错的位错核心结构及〈１００〉刃位错与点缺陷的交互作用进行了模拟研究．结果表明：〈１００〉刃位错在（００１）面沿［１１０］和［１１０］方向扩展，呈“蝶形”结构；而〈１００〉刃位错在｛１１０｝滑移面上位错核心结构更为紧凑，位错扩展现象不明显．这和试验中观察到的ＮｉＡｌ中位错进行〈１００〉｛１１０｝滑移，而非〈１００〉｛００１｝滑移的结果相一致．〈１１０〉位错在（００１）面沿［１１０］和［１１０］方向也有所扩展，但同〈００１〉位错相比，沿［１１０］方向位错核心扩展的宽度更大，由位错应力场导致的原子位移也更明显．通过模拟还发现〈１００〉螺位错、〈１００〉刃位错、〈１１０〉刃位错在滑移面内均无位错的分解现象．〈１００〉刃位错和点缺陷的交互作用模拟结果表明：在位错核心附近引入点缺陷列对位错核心结构的轮廓影响不明显，说明难以通过引入点缺陷，局部改变有序度的方法来影响位错核心结构     

制约印度崛起的地缘因素

历史上,地缘因素对大国崛起起过重要的作用。地缘优势有利于大国的崛起,而地缘缺陷则制约着大国的崛起,导致其难以崛起或崛起失败。印度是正在崛起的新兴大国,然而印度所处的地缘环境存在明显缺陷,这是制约印度崛起的重要因素。印度只有对自身的地缘缺陷进行合理改造,扬长避短,才能顺利实现崛起目标。     

医疗事故技术鉴定制度的若干问题浅探

医学会取代了原先的卫生行政部门成为现今的医疗事故技术鉴定机构,在一定程度上缓解了医患矛盾,但该制度仍存在许多立法缺陷亟需改进。     

Advancement and prospect of short-term numerical climate prediction

The defects of present methods of short-term numerical climate prediction are discussed in this paper, and four challenging problems are put forward. Considering our under developed computer conditions, we should innovate in the approcuch of numerical climate prediction on the basis of our own achievements and experiences in the field of short-term numerical climate prediction. It is possibly an effective way to settle the present defects of short-term numerical climate prediction.     

故意伤害罪的改革设想

由于刑法上只有伤害故意，并不将行为人的主观故意细分为轻微伤害、轻伤害、重伤害等若干等级，使得故意伤害罪的判决个别出现合法而不合情理的现象。针对此，有必要对现行的故意伤害罪进行改革，以便于实务界操作，使定罪更明确、量刑更合理，也使受害人得到更有力的保护。     

利用iTECS检测桥梁混凝土结构的内部缺陷

通过iTECS(Integrity Test Equipment for Concrete Structures)检测三小营南桥T梁混凝土厚度,利用最大熵频谱分析和傅里叶频谱分析结果误差很小,最大熵谱分析更精确.通过多次试验,得出根据测试厚度判断混凝土结构内部离析、不密实与空洞的不同方法:当测试的厚度明显小于实际厚度时表明该混凝土构件内部存在孔洞;当测试的厚度远大于实际厚度时表明该混凝土构件内部存在不密实、离析等缺陷.通过对室内大厚度混凝土结构的厚度探测,发现当混凝土结构内部缺陷深度超过一定范围时,利用iTECS只能测试混凝土结构内部缺陷的位置,而不能精确的探测出缺陷的深度.同时对正对空洞处及空洞边缘处测试到的明显不同厚度进行了探究.     

基于COMSOL的波纹管孔道压浆缺陷仿真分析

通过超声波信号检测波纹管孔道压浆密实度,运用COMSOL Multiphysics软件对有无空气泡缺陷及不同空气泡缺陷位置的4种模型进行了仿真．研究了4种模型对接收透射信号时域波形及频谱的影响及不同模型对接收信号能量的影响．结果表明,在无缺陷的钢绞线模型中,超声波能量主要集中在钢绞线的中后方;在有缺陷钢绞线模型中,超声波能量主要集中在空气泡缺陷的左方．换能器接收到的无缺陷模型信号的时频域幅值远大于有缺陷模型的幅值,不同位置处的空气泡缺陷模型接收的时频域信号幅值相差不大,该方法可以有效地判断出孔道中有无缺陷．     

Gas-phase hydrogenation influence on defect behavior in titanium-based hydrogen-storage material

Titanium and its alloys are promising materials for hydrogen storage. However, hydrogen penetration accompanies the exploitation of hydrogen storage alloys. In particular, hydrogen penetration and accumulation in titanium alloys changes their mechanical properties. Therefore, the research works of such materials are mainly focused on improving the reversibility of hydrogen absorption-liberation processes, increasing the thermodynamic characteristics of the alloys, and augmenting their hydrogen storage capacity. In the process of hydrogenation-dehydrogenation, the formed defects both significantly reduce hydrogen storage capacity and can also be used to create effective traps for hydrogen. Therefore, the investigation of hydrogen interaction with structural defects in titanium and its alloys is very important. The present work, the hydrogen-induced formation of defects in the alloys of commercially pure titanium under temperature gas-phase hydrogenation(873 K) has studied by positron lifetime spectroscopy and Doppler broadening spectroscopy. Based on the evolution of positron annihilation parameters τ_f, τ_d, their corresponding intensities If, Idand relative changes of parameters S/S_0 and W/W_0, the peculiarities of hydrogen interaction with titanium lattice defects were investigated in a wide range of hydrogen concentrations from 0.8at% to 32.0at%.     

Study of Dielectric and Mechanical Spectra on Point Defects and Phase Transition in Ferroelectric Ceramics

Study of Dielectric and Mechanical Spectra on Point Defects and Phase Transition in Ferroelectric Ceramics