海水水族箱系统微生物生态平衡的初步研究

本研究将ＰＦＵ引入水族箱生态系中定量采集附生的硝化细菌，荧光显微计数法直接计数水族箱中具有代谢活性的细菌数量的变化．研究了新建海水水族箱系统中硝化细菌的成熟过程．结果表明：在新建海水水族箱系统中细菌生态平衡的初步达成约需４０ｄ，验证了其他学者通过水质分析评价细菌功能的结论．应用ＰＦＵ定量采集附生在滤床上的硝化细菌．及ＡＯＤＣ和ＤＶＣ法直接测定水体中具有代谢活性的细菌数量为研究细菌的数量动态提供了一种简便、快速而又准确的方法和手段     

高温制曲产香与嗜热细菌活动关系的初步研究

本文采用麸皮培养基和修改后的Rowe合成培养基,研究了茅型大曲中一株优势嗜热细菌——地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheni formis)的蛋白分解力和对外源氨基酸的需求情况。结果表明,不同温度下培养,嗜热细菌分解原料蛋白质形成游离氨基酸的相对含量明显不同;在合成培养基中,实验菌株随培养温度的升高,对外源氨基酸的需求增加。从微生物角度解释了高温制曲产香的原理。     

应用脱色菌处理印染废水新工艺的初步研究

本文提出了一种在上向流厌氧污泥过滤反应器及好氧接触氧化反应器内投加固定化脱色菌处理山西针织印染厂印染废水的新工艺。其结果提高了处理效率,改善了出水水质,化学耗氧量总去除率达92%,色度总去除率为90%以上。     

大气细菌种类变化规律研究初探

本文对大气微生物污染状况研究得出,齐市地区大气细菌主要由芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)、微球菌属(Micrococcus)、氮单胞细菌属(Azomonas)、奈瑟氏球菌属(Neisscria)和大肠菌群(Coli—form bacteria)等6个群属组成,其中革兰氏阳性菌占总菌数的88.4％,革兰氏阴性菌占总菌数的11.6％,变化规律为1,3月份芽孢杆菌为优势菌,9,11月份葡萄球菌为优势菌.     

新型脱色化学凝聚剂的研究

研制对含水溶性染料废水进行脱色的新型凝聚剂,并确定其最佳使用条件、探索脱色机理为本研究的主要内容。研究表明,亚铁与一定组分的其它无机盐组成的新颖复合型脱色化学凝聚剂,对含水溶性染料(典型的活性和酸性染料)废水,取得了甚佳的脱色效果(处理水色度及 pH 值皆可达排放标准),且处理成本很低.该凝聚剂脱色机理为单个组分的化学反应和物理化学作用以及组分之间的协同效应。该凝聚剂脱色效率及处理成本综合效果均优于目前单一型的无机凝聚剂,且可以废治废,综合利用,对实际工程应用尤为有利。     

对蔗糖脂肪酸酯降低平酸菌芽孢耐热性的研究

为了探求降低罐头食品的杀菌强度,最大限度地保存食品营养成分,以中性磷酸盐为介质,配制成各种不同浓度的蔗糖脂肪酸酯溶液,混入平酸菌芽孢悬浮液,按 TDT 管法测定其耐热性。结果表明:蔗糖脂肪酸酯浓度在250～1000mg/L,加热温度在115～120℃范围内,可使平酸菌芽孢的致死时间缩短60%～79%,D 值降低65%～80%,杀菌值 F_0降低63%～75%左右。     

Osmotic adaptation of moderately halophilic methanogenic Archaeobacteria,and detection of cytosolicN,N-dimethylglycine

Methanohalophilus mahii SLP andMethanohalophilus halophilus Z-7982, two closely-related, moderately halophilic, methylotrophic methanogens, were tested for their adaptation to saline conditions. They grew in a wider range of salinities than previously reported, in a defined medium with as little as 0.1 M NaCl, and with a high as 4.0 M NaCl forM. halophilus and 4.5 M NaCl forM. mahii. Fastest growth occurred with 1.5 M NaCl forM. mahii and 1.0 M NaCl forM. halophilus. M. mahii also grew in media in which NaCl was replaced by sucrose or KCl as osmolytes up to the osmolal equivalent of 2 and 2.5 M NaCl (these media contained other sodium salts totaling about 0.1 M Na⁺). In media with either sucrose of KCl replacing NaCl,M. mahii grew fastest at osmolalities approximately equiosmolal to 1 M NaCl.M. mahii not only grew well at a wide range of osmosities, it also tolerated rapid shifts in osmolality. Cells subjected to a rapid 10-fold hypertonic shift resumed growth without a prolonged lag. When cells were subjected to a rapid 10-fold hypotonic shift, 90% of cells lysed, but the remaineder continued to swell with little further lysis during the next 45 min. Surviving cells resumed growth.Methanohalophilus strains grown in defined medium had low cytosolic Na⁺ concentrations; K⁺ concentrations were as high as 0.35 M. Organic osmotica in the cytosol include glycine betaine and larger amounts of N,N-dimethylglycine.     

酚降解菌的筛选及含酚废水处理研究

从土壤中分离得到可在含酚培养基上生长的细菌。通过菌种驯化,筛选出耐高浓度酚的菌株,在实验室条件下,进行对含酚废水的处理,其中部分菌株可分别在12～24小时内将1000毫克/升的苯酚完全去除。基质不同对酶活力大小有影响,在以苯酚为唯一碳源的基质中,多酚氧化酶活力最高。