山东蒙阴金伯利岩的古地磁初探

本文主要通过磁化率各向异性即磁性组构的研究,证明山东蒙阴金伯利岩矿床是属于侵入成因,并阐述了用磁性组构取代岩石学组构测量是地质学发展的一种新趋势。根据视极移曲线及同位素测定岩石年龄的方法,确定岩体的形成时代为加里东期岩浆活动,以此对燕山期岩浆活动的结论提出质疑。     

阿尔泰地区霍热木德克花岗岩体年代学、地球化学特征及构造意义

中阿尔泰构造带出露大面积晚三叠世花岗岩,对其进行详细研究是了解阿尔泰造山带构造演化和陆壳增生过程的重要途径。本文对霍热木德克岩体进行详细的岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素研究。霍热木德克花岗岩体主要有粗粒二长花岗岩、细粒二长花岗岩和正长花岗岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究结果表明,其结晶年龄为(222.3±1.8)Ma(MSWD=1.6),为晚三叠世岩浆活动产物。地球化学研究表明,岩石具有高SiO_2、Al_2O_3、ALK,低TiO_2、MnO、MgO、P_2O_5的特征,轻稀土富集、轻重稀土分馏明显,具有Eu的负异常(δEu=0.37~0.50),富集大离子亲石元素、相对亏损高场强元素,显示出强过铝质S型花岗岩的特征,花岗岩具有负的εNd(t)(-3.7~-2.7)和较老的二阶段模式(T2DM)年龄(1.2~1.3Ga)。综合分析认为,霍热木德克花岗岩由富含白云母和黑云母的变泥质岩经历部分熔融形成,其源区有富钙斜长石、钛铁矿的残留,为同碰撞造山阶段挤压环境下地壳加厚而发生部分熔融的产物,形成于同碰撞构造环境。     

现代钢、古代钢和碳定年法

20世纪70年代,对含碳量很高的钢的研究引发了对古代大马士革钢和其他古代钢研究,这种古代钢蕴涵的文化发展了高碳钢的制备技术。在与此相关的研究中,为提高韧性而设计的现代层片状钢的研究工作引发了对用古代层片状钢制备的古器物的研究。由于这些器物的年代不确定,所以需要用放射性碳定年法来测定这些古器物的年代。本文介绍现代钢及其层片状合成物,以及与之相应的古代钢的历史演化过程,并且给出了古器物的碳定年法研究的最新结果。     

大兴安岭柴河白音高老组流纹岩锆石U-Pb定年及成因探讨

为了研究大兴安岭中段柴河地区白音高老组流纹岩的形成时代和岩石成因,进行了锆石U-Pb同位素年龄测试和地球化学研究.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,白音高老组流纹岩形成于年龄为129~137 Ma的早白垩世.岩石地球化学研究表明,白音高老组流纹岩具有高硅富碱、贫钙镁的特征;稀土丰度总量m(∑REE)=121.35×10-6~194.92×10-6,轻重稀土分馏明显,m(La)/m(Yb)N=12.2~21.7,Eu负异常(δ_(Eu)=0.39~0.61),微量元素以富集Rb,Ba,Th,K,亏损Nb,Sr,P,Ti为特征;白音高老组流纹岩原始岩浆来源于上地壳岩石的部分熔融.     

青海沱沱河地区侵入岩体锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义

青海沱沱河地区1∶5万(I45E009024、I45E010024、I46E009001、I46E010001)四幅区域地质调查发现,区内侵入岩发育差,岩性主要为花岗闪长斑岩,为该区域内首次发现的侵入岩体。通过对该花岗闪长斑岩进行LA-CIPMS锆石U-Pb同位素年龄测定,14个锆石测点中10个测点的测定值位于207Pb/235U-206Pb/238U一致线上,其206Pb/238U年龄在36~42 Ma之间,加权平均年龄为38.58±0.87 Ma,该年龄基本代表了花岗闪长斑岩的形成时间。从区域地质条件分析,将该岩体的形成时代确定为始新世。     

In situ U-Pb dating of xenotime by laser ablation （LA）-ICP-MS

Xenotime is an ideal mineral for U-Th-Pb isotopic dating because of its relatively high U and Th contents, but typically low concentration of common Pb. These characteristics, and the fact that it is widespread throughout various types of rocks, suggest that the U-Th-Pb dating of xenotime has broad applications. Studies of U-Pb dating on xenotime by ion microprobe (such as SHRIMP) have increased in recent years, whereas studies by laser ablation (LA)-ICP-MS are still rare. In this study, we developed a technique for U-Pb dating of xenotime using the 193 nm ArF laser-ablation system and Agilent 7500a Q-ICP-MS. To evaluate the reliability of our method, a xenotime standard, BS-1, was analyzed and calibrated against another xenotime standard, MG-1. The weighted mean 206 Pb/ 238 U ages of 510.1 ± 5.2 Ma (2 n = 21), 509.8 ± 4.3 Ma (2 n = 21) and 510.0 ± 4.6 Ma (2 n = 21) were obtained using beam diameters of 16, 24 and 32 m, respectively. These ages are identical to those determined by ID-TIMS method (weighted mean 206 Pb/ 238 U age of 508.8 ± 1.4 Ma), which supports the reliability of our LA-ICP-MS method. We also analyzed xenotimes in leucogranites from South Tibet and granites from Xihuashan in southern China, and obtained accurate and precise ages. Nevertheless, we observed systematic differences in Pb/U fractionation among xenotime, monazite and zircon. The matrix-effect resulted in either under-correction or over-correction of fractionation, and thus led to inaccurate ages. Thus, a matrix-matched material is required for U-Pb dating of xenotime by LA-ICP-MS.     

Bioptical microcycles of laminated speleothems from China and their chronological significance

Interfaces of microlayers, in most stalagmites from China, consist of opaque and organic materials. Observed with microscope, the interfaces seem dark under transmitted light and luminiferous under reflected fluorescent light. Stalagmites in which the two optical characters are unified spatially would be most suitable for cross-dating use, and can play an important role in the study on speleochronology and speleoclimatology.     

流体定年方法在油气成藏历史研究中的应用—以鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区长6油层为例

成藏年代学是成藏动力学领域研究的重点和难点,是揭示油气成藏过程、成藏机理的重要途径。通过烃源岩生排烃期分析、自生伊利石K-Ar同位素年龄测定及流体包裹体均一温度等方法定量地研究了鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬油田延长组长6油层组油气藏的充注历史。综合分析认为,长7段和长6段有效烃源岩自晚侏罗世晚期－早白垩世早期进入生排烃门限以来,长6油层组主要存在160Ma～140Ma和110Ma～90Ma的两期油气充注过程。其中,早期以连续、缓慢、小规模的低充注为主要特征;晚期则以瞬态、快速、大规模的高充注特征为主,是长6油层组的主要充注时期。