控冷工艺对热轧盘条氧化皮耐腐蚀性的影响

为了提高热轧盘奈的表面质量,采用热模拟实验研究了不同冷却温度、不同冷却速度对热轧盘条表面氧化皮性质的影响．用X射线衍射检测氧化皮的物象组成,用扫描电镜观察氧化皮的表面形貌、厚度、致密度,用加速失重腐蚀实验检测氧化皮的耐蚀性．研究结果表明：温度过高导致氧化皮厚并产生裂纹,温度过低氧化皮薄,起不到保护作用;快速冷却能形成致密氧化皮,且氧化皮中Fe2O3含量减少,Fe3O4和FeO比例增加,有利于提高氧化皮的性能,慢速冷却则氧化层厚．     

Corrosion behavior and corrosion products of a low-alloy weathering steel in Qingdao and Wanning

A newly developed low-alloy weathering steel has been exposed in two coastal sites (Qingdao in the north, Wanning in the south) in China for one year. The samples in Wanning corroded far more seriously than those in Qingdao. The rust layer formed on the steel was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N₂ adsorption approach, polarization curves, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The rust formed in Qingdao contains more X-ray amorphous compounds and is more compact than that formed in Wanning. Cr and Cu are enriched in the rust layer near the steel matrix, and the phenomenon is more obvious in Qingdao than in Wanning. The rust layer formed in Qingdao suppresses the anodic and cathodic reaction more remarkably than that formed in Wanning does. The rust layer formed in Qingdao possesses a higher ability to block the permeation of chloride ions than that formed in Wanning does.     

Intergranular corrosion behavior of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel

The intergranular corrosion (IGC) behavior of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel (HNSS) sensitization treated at 650-950℃ was investigated by the double loop electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation (DL-EPR) method. The effects of the electrolytes, scan rate, sensitizing temperature on the susceptibility to IGC of HNSS were examined. The results show that the addi-tion of NaCl is an effective way to improve the formation of the cracking of a passive film in chromium-depleted zones during the reactivation scan. Decreasing the scan rate exhibits an obvious effect on the breakdown of the passive film. A solution with 2 mol/L H₂SO₄+1 mol/L NaCl+0.01 mol/L KSCN is suitable to check the susceptibility to IGC of HNSS at a sensitizing temperature of 650-950℃ at a suitable scan rate of 1.667 mV/s. Chromium depletion of HNSS is attributed to the precipitation of Cr₂N which results in the susceptibility to IGC. The synergistic effect of Mo and N is suggested to play an important role in stabilizing the passive film to prevent the attack of IGC.     

钢筋混凝土保护层锈胀裂缝宽度研究Ⅱ

锈胀裂缝宽度是混凝土结构耐久性与设计评估的重要参数。通过加速电腐蚀试验。深入探讨了裂缝宽度与锈蚀程度、保护层厚度等影响因素的相互关系,并进行了理论模型有效性的验证及分析。考虑工程运用的适用性,基于模型分析及试验研究结果给出了锈胀裂缝宽度的简化实用计算式。     

Gemini表面活性剂与卤离子对钢在磷酸介质中缓蚀协同效应

通过失重法与极化曲线法考察了季铵盐型Gemini表面活性剂1,3-双(十二烷基二甲基溴化铵)丙烷(简写为12-3-12)及其与卤离子复合体系对冷轧钢在1 mol.L-1磷酸溶液中的缓蚀协同效应.实验结果表明,在一定浓度氯离子或溴离子的存在下,浓度很低的Gemini表面活性剂12-3-12(1×10-4mol.L-1)就可以对冷轧钢在磷酸介质中起到很好的缓蚀效果;通过在Gemini表面活性剂12-3-12溶液中加入一定浓度的Cl-或Br-构筑复合的缓蚀体系,利用表面活性剂与卤离子之间显著的缓蚀协同效应,大大降低了Gemini表面活性剂在缓蚀体系中的用量,极大地降低了Gemini表面活性剂作为酸介质中钢的缓蚀剂的综合使用成本;对酸介质中Gemini表面活性剂复合缓蚀体系在金属表面的吸附机理进行了探讨,并通过Langmuir吸附理论和相关公式得到了相关热力学参数.     

稀土对Al-Zn-Mg合金力学性能和应力腐蚀的影响

将0.06%稀土加入到Al-Zn-Mg合金中, 固溶处理后在150 ℃下时效. 在峰时效条件下 , 观察稀土对其力学性能和抗应力腐蚀断裂性能的影响. 结果表明, 稀土的加入使硬度峰值出现的时间提前, 并使硬度峰值、 屈服强度、 抗拉强度、 延伸率和抗应力腐蚀断裂的能力增加. 金相观察和X射线衍射结果表明, 稀土的加入减小了晶粒尺寸, 促进了强化相MgZn₂的析出, 此外稀土还能够明显减少合金中的 氢含量.     

Martensite transformation induced by deformation and its phase electrochemical behavior for stainless steels AISI 304 and 316L

The martensite transformation induced by tensile elongation and its effect on the behavior of phase electrochemistry of AISI 304 and 316L in 3.5% NaCl solution were studied. The results show that the content of α'-martensite in stainless steel 304 increases with the true strain. As α'-martensite content increased, free corrosion potential and pitting potential of stainless steel 304 in 3.5% NaCl solution appeared the change trend of a minimum. It was also found that pitting nucleated preferentially at the phase interfaces between martensite and austenite. There existed apparent difference between electrochemical properties of austenite and of martensite for stainless steel 304 and 316L in 3.5% NaCl solution.     

Relativity between corrosion-induced stress and stress corrosion cracking of brass in an ammonia solution

The susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of brass in an ammonia solution with various pH values or under various applied potentials was measured at slow strain rate tests. The additive stress in the same solution was measured using two methods. The results indicate that the variation of the susceptibility to SCC with pH value or with potential is in an excellent agreement with the corrosion (passive film or dezincification layer)-induced stress. When pH? 7, the corrosion-induced tensile stress and the susceptibility to SCC have maximum values and hardly change with increasing the pH value. However, when pH<7, both the corrosion-induced tensile stress and the susceptibility to SCC reduce rapidly with decreasing the pH value. Both the corrosion-induced tensile stress and the susceptibility to SCC have maximum values at the open-circuit potential, decrease slightly under the anodic polarization, and reduce gradually to zero under the cathodic polarization.     

管道内腐蚀监测系统的设计与实现

腐蚀监测技术是指测试设备正常运行时的内部腐蚀或破坏情况,以避免重大事故发生,延长设备寿命,使生产设备能更有效的运行。以通用微型计算机、调制解调器、可编程逻辑控制器(FX-2N)、信号变送器、腐蚀探针为硬件核心,以虚拟仪器编程环境LabVIEW为软件平台,开发设计了管道内腐蚀监测系统。该系统通过电阻(ER)腐蚀探针、线性极化电阻(LPR)腐蚀探针监测设备内部的电化学腐蚀程度、氢脆趋势,评价缓蚀剂效果。应用该系统对川西北矿区部分管道进行了腐蚀监测,现场监测结果表明,该系统能对管道内腐蚀情况进行高效、可靠的在线监测。     

新型中和缓蚀剂对常减压塔顶H2S-HCl-H2O腐蚀作用的影响

研究了新型中和缓蚀剂SF-121B和BZH-1在常减压蒸馏塔顶H2S-HCl-H2O腐蚀系统中的缓蚀效果,结果表明随着H2S浓度增加,腐蚀速率增加;温度升高,溶液pH值下降,腐蚀增加.中和缓蚀剂SF-121B和BZH-1的缓蚀效果优于目前工业常用的7019.SF-121B与氨水复配在保持较好缓蚀效果的同时,可减少操作成本.