含铜无取向电工钢中析出相及其析出机理

研究了含铜低碳低硅无取向电工钢中的析出相及其析出机理.由能谱(EDS)及选区电子衍射(SAED)分析可知,铁素体基体上存在的大量弥散分布的等轴状析出相为类B2结构的铜.这些铜析出相的析出机理可以是一般析出、位错析出、台阶机理相间析出和弓出机理相间析出:一般析出在550、650和750℃三个等温温度均可发生;位错析出只发生在较低的等温温度(550℃),此时析出相呈特殊的平行短列状;台阶机理相间析出也可在上述三个等温温度下发生,但650℃等温时最有利于台阶机理相间析出,此时析出相平直列状分布;弓出机理相间析出只发生在较高的等温温度(750℃),析出相弯曲列状分布.     

Characteristics of strontium isotopes and their implications in the Qixing Cave of Guizhou,China

The strontium isotopic compositions (87Sr/86Sr) of samples including soils, bedrock, soil waters, drip waters and their corresponding speleothems in the Qixing Cave (QXC), Guizhou Province, China, were systemically measured and analyzed. The results indicate that there are significant Sr isotopic differences among samples. The mean 87Sr/86Sr ratios in drip water for the samples 1#, 4# and 9# were 0.709568, 0.709139 and 0.708761, respectively, which possibly result from different flow paths, residence times, and other hydrogeological processes in the unsaturated zone overlying QXC. Meanwhile, levels of 40.8%, 57.6% and 72.4% of Sr in drip waters for 1#, 4# and 9#, respectively, were derived from bedrock dissolution, which was calculated by the mixture model of the two end-members (soil and bedrock). There is, however, no positive correlation between the relative proportion from bedrock dissolution (δ13C value is 1.8‰) and drip water δ13CDIC values. The mean drip water δ13CDIC value in 1# is the heaviest (–4.5‰) with the lowest contribution rate of bedrock dissolution, whereas the value in 9# is the lightest (–9.3‰) with the highest contribution rate of bedrock dissolution. The proportion from host rock dissolution in 4# is higher than that in 1# and lower than that in 9#, while its mean drip water δ13CDIC value (–8.6‰) is higher than that of 9# and lower than that for 1#. This suggests that the prior calcite precipitation (PCP) processes in the unsaturated zone overlying the cave are responsible for the δ13CDIC value differences between different drip waters, and not bedrock dissolution. Furthermore, this study also demonstrates that the 87Sr/86Sr ratios of speleothems in the 1# and 4# mainly reflect the variation in the relative proportions from the soil system (soil water) and bedrock dissolution overlying the cave. It is, therefore, feasible to use the strontium isotopic signals of speleothems as an indicator for soil chemical weathering intensity, and consequently as a monsoon proxy in the study area.     

Molybdenum isotopic composition as a tracer for low-medium temperature hydrothermal ore-forming systems: A case study on the Dajiangping pyrite deposit,western Guangdong Province,China

Little is known about the range or controls on the molybdenum isotopic composition of low-medium temperature hydrothermal ore-forming systems. We present molybdenum isotope data from 12 hydrothermal syndepositional silicalite and carbonaceous slate samples from the Dajiangping pyrite deposit in western Guangdong Province, South China. The δ ^97/95 Mo values from Orebody III range from −0.02‰ to 0.29‰, with an average of 0.18‰. In contrast, the composition values from Orebody IV display a larger variation from −0.70‰ to 0.62‰. However, the five samples from the main ore bed all show strong negative values. This indicates that the significant variation in molybdenum isotopic composition supports different hydrothermal ore-forming metallogenesis and a metallogenic environment between the two orebodies. Orebody III is likely to have been deposited from submarine exhalative hydrothermal fluids under a relatively strong reducing environment and Orebody IV may have also been influenced by hydrothermal superimposition in a more oxidized disequilibrium condition. In addition, the δ ^97/95 Mo values of Orebody IV are clearly negative, together with the values increasing stratigraphically upward in the ore beds, suggesting that the metallogenic environment of Orebody IV is different from the open oceanic systems. There might be dynamic fractionation in this restricted environment. Therefore, the molybdenum isotope can be used as an effective tracer for the ore-forming fluid and metallogenic environment.     

二乙酰丙酮铜催化下无溶剂法合成2,5-二溴-3,4-二((辛氧基)甲基)噻吩[2,3-b]并噻吩

以2,5-二溴-3,4-二甲基噻吩[2,3-b]并噻吩和正辛醇为原料,在二乙酰丙酮铜作催化剂和无溶剂条件下,合成了未见文献报道的产物2,5-二溴-3,4-二((辛氧基)甲基)噻吩[2,3-b]并噻吩,探讨了影响反应的各种因素,并找到了较好的合成条件.     

铜质火锅使用过程中的金属元素含量分析

探讨酸菜在铜质容器中熬煮,砷、汞、铅、镉、铬、镍、铜等元素含量的变化.以微波消解预处理样品,运用ICP-MS、HG-AFS法测定铜锅熬煮酸菜过程中汤料、酸菜中重金属元素的含量变化.在紫铜锅中熬煮酸菜6 h,可使锅体汞、铅、铜溶出较多,镉、铬、镍少量溶出,基本无砷溶出.其中,汤料中汞、铅、铜、镉、铬和镍分别约增加914%、65%、513倍、55%、46%和60%,酸菜中汞、铅、铜、镉、铬和镍分别增加81%、159%、375倍、19%、142%和70%.从健康角度出发,紫铜锅可能不适宜作酸菜类火锅的烹饪容器.     

不对称合成γ-酮酯

手性醇衍生的γ-重氮苯乙酸酯与N(-苯乙烯基)-吗啉在铜盐催化下的反应,能够以高度的化学产率制备手性的4-氧代-2,4-二苯基-丁酸酯,产物中两种非对映异构体的比例达到2∶1.     

湖泊水体年龄与水体中放射性同位素浓度关系浅析

为了研究湖泊水体年龄与水体中放射性同位素浓度之间的定量关系,运用数学物理方法给出了湖泊水体年龄展开为湖泊水体中放射性同位素浓度的函数表达式.在介绍年龄输运方程概念及其意义的基础上,以微分方程为分析工具,根据质量守恒原理和放射性衰变原理,利用微元法分别推导了湖泊水体的年龄输运方程和湖泊水体中放射性同位素浓度的变化规律,并给出了各自的解析解;在此两者的基础上给出了湖泊水体年龄与水体中放射性同位素浓度之间的函数关系.     

检测色氨酸的免标记生物传感器研制

利用Au-S化学键的作用,在金基底上组装L-半胱氨酸(L-Cys),通过铜离子的配位作用,构建Cu2 /L-Cys/Au自组装膜.考察该自组装膜的组装条件、电化学特征、重现性与稳定性,研究不同浓度的L-色氨酸中膜的识别能力和识别选择性.结果表明,自组装膜具有对L-色氨酸识别的选择性,在不同浓度的L-色氨酸中,膜的电化学阻抗会发生明显变化.因此,利用该膜对L-色氨酸(L-Try)的选择性识别引起电化学阻抗变化的特性,可构建一种新型的免标记电化学阻抗法色氨酸传感器.     

三元混合配合物[Cu2(C8H4F3O2S)2O(C3H3N2)]的合成和晶体结构

室温下利用金属铜粉和2-噻酚甲酰三氟丙酮、吡唑反应,合成了新的双核铜(II)[Cu2(C8H4F3O2S)2O(C3H3N2)].配合物通过元素分析、红外光谱、电导率进行表征.测定了该配合物的晶体结构.结果表明,晶体属单斜晶系,P2(1)/C空间群,晶胞参数:a=0.786 63(16)nm,b=1.792 0(4)nm,c=1.705 3(3)nm;V=2.359 3(8)nm3,Z=4,Dc=1.843 g.cm-3.结果表明,每个铜原子由3个氧原子和1个氮原子配位形成平面四方结构,2个铜原子由吡唑和氧桥联形成双核铜配合物.     

江西德兴铜矿苔藓植物研究

江西德兴铜矿是我国最大的有色露天金属矿,属斑岩型铜矿山。通过对该铜矿山的47份苔藓植物标本的采集和初步鉴定,报道了该矿区有苔藓植物17科、24属、27种(含变种),未发现有角苔的存在;区系成分以北温带分布为主;由于该区的自然环境受到铜矿开采的严重破坏,苔藓植物多为矮丛集型,且以干燥矿石生群落、矿石表干燥土生群落为主。本研究有利于新的铜矿指示及环境修复苔藓植物的发现及开发利用,但未发现经典的“铜藓CopperMosses”。