甲基丙烯酸甲醇与氰乙基化交联淀粉的接枝共聚反应及其改性接枝物对金属离子吸附性能的研究

以ＡＰＳ－ＴＵ和ＡＰＳ－Ｕ为引发体系，研究了氰乙基化交联淀粉与甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）的接枝共聚反应规律；ＩＲ，ＳＥＭ表征了产物的结构；当［ＡＰＳ］＝［ＴＵ］＝［Ｕ］＝３×１０－２Ｍ，［ＭＭＡ］＝６×１０－１Ｍ，Ｓ：Ｌ＝４：１００，６０℃，反应６小时时，Ｇ％、Ｅ％值最高．用ＮＨ２ＮＨ２改性后，含－ＣＯＯＮＨＮＨ２功能基的接枝共聚淀粉对Ｃｕ、Ｃｄ、Ｃｒ、Ｐｈ等重金属离子有较好的吸附性能．     

聚丙烯酰胺凝胶的研制

合成了带有芳香环的丙烯酰胺单体，使其与双甲叉丙烯酰胺共聚，改善聚丙烯酰胺凝胶的分子骨架结构，探讨了两类致孔剂的致孔机理．     

铈离子引发罗布麻接枝共聚反应──单体活性比较

本文采用丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＡ）、丙烯酸乙酯（ＥＡ）和丙烯酸丁酯（ＢＡ）．用铈离子引发将其与罗布麻纤维接枝共聚。结果表明：当［Ｃｅ４＋］为１０×１０－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ、［Ｈ＋］为８×１０－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ、［Ｍｏ］为１２×１０－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ、４０℃反应３小时可得最大接枝率。在本文实验条件下，单体反应活性顺序为ＭＡ＞ＢＡ＞ＥＡ。     

松根轻油—苯酚—甲醛共聚合的研究

研究了松根轻油—苯酚—甲醛的共聚合过程,合成出性能优良的松根轻油酚醛树脂。利用红外光谱、核磁共振、质谱分析与元素分析等对松根轻油酚醛树脂的分子结构及基本性能进行测试,并探讨了共聚反应的机理。测试结果表明:松根轻油酚醛树脂具有高软化点、高油溶性等优良性能,可溶于多种有机溶剂;其生产工艺简便,原料成本低廉,具有较高的实际应用价值。     

Sulfonate-containing Copolymers Prepared by SemiContinuous Emulsion Copolymerizaiton of Styrene and Sodium Styrene Sulfonate

Soap-free emulsion copolymerization of styrene （St） and sodium sulfonate styrene （NaSS） could yield homodisperse sulfonate-containing particles with clean surface. But the incorporation of NaSS could never be increased beyond 2.6 % by weight in the conventional batch and seeded emulsion copolymerization in the ab- sence of emulsifier because large amounts of soluble polyelectrolyte would unstablize the reaction system if ex- cessive amount of NaSS was used. In our work, semi-continuous copolymerizations were carried out in the presence of mixed emulsifiers, and a new method to purify the latex polymer was developed. The influences of the NaSS mole ratio in the total monomers and the monomer addition time on the S content in the purified copolymer were investigated by elemental analysis.     

Mathematical Simulation of High-Conversion Binary Copolymerization

A new model for mathematical simulation of high-conversion binary copolymerization was established by combination of the concept of the three stage polymerization model (TSPM) proposed by Qin et al. for bulk free radical homopolymerization with the North equation to describe high-conversion copolymerization reaction exhibiting a strong gel effect, and the mathematical expressions of this new model were derived. Like TSPM, the new model also assmnes that the whole course of binary copolymerization can be divided into three different stages: low conversion, gel effect and glass effect stages. In addition, the reaction rate constants and the initiator efficiency at each copolymerization stage do not vary with conversion. Based on the expressions derived, a plot method for determining the overall rate constants and critical conversions was proposed. The literature data on conversion history for styrene (St)-methyl methacrylate (MMA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA)-MMA copolymerizations were treated to examine the model, which shows that the model is satisfactory.     

Investigation on chain structure of LLDPE obtained by ethylene in-situ copolymerization with DSC and XRD

Thermal segregations of LLDPE were treated with successive self-nucleation/annealing (SSA) on dif-ferential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Information on molecular heterogeneity of LLDPE was obtained. After SSA was treated, the multiple endothermic peaks were observed in the DSC thermograms during heating experiment. It is obtained that the thickness of different lamellas formed by segments of vari-ous lengths was 4―10 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that the crystallites dimensions of various reflections were about several dozens of nanometers. The ethylene/α-olefin copolymers and the copolymer via in-situ copolymerization were similar to each other for molecular heterogeneity and XRD characteristics, which revealed that it was possible to use the ethylene/α-olefin copolymers to simulate the copolymer via in-situ copolymerization of ethylene to simplify the complexity of the structure of the ethylene in-situ copolymer.     

纤维素接枝丙烯酸制备高吸水树脂及树脂保水性能的研究

采用再生纸浆纤维素为分子骨架,接枝丙烯酸及其钠盐制备高吸水树脂.研究了再生纸浆种类及纸浆含量对产物吸水性能的影响,在确定了再生纸浆用量为22%的基础上,对引发时间、中和度、反应时间等工艺条件进行了研究优化.在以K2S2O8为引发剂,丙烯酸中和度为70%,引发30 min,反应16 h,制备出吸水率达1050 g/g,60℃时水凝胶的水份散失通量为纯水的55%的高吸水树脂.本文还对高吸水树脂的保水性能进行了较为深入的研究,提出采用水份散失通量来评价高吸水树脂保水性能.初步研究发现水凝胶与单纯水之间的水份散失通量差异随温度线性增大.     

KMnO4引发红薯淀粉与甲基丙烯酸丙酯的接枝共聚

研究了不同聚合反应条件下红薯淀粉与甲基丙烯酸丙酯接枝聚合反应的规律.实验结果显示，在高锰酸钾引发下，最佳条件为：单体浓度1.0 mol/L，引发剂浓度1.5 mmol/L，反应温度40～50 ℃，反应时间1.5 h.