ABS控制过程中制动压力增长速率试验研究

研究制动压力增长速率对制动防抱死系统(ABS)控制效果的影响.采用PWM控制方法,在制动压力增长过程中,通过改变占空比达到改变制动压力增长速率的目的.提出了偏离度的概念.研究表明,使偏离度最小化的占空比能使制动压力增长速率达到最优,该方法显著提高了ABS控制效果.     

鹅毛竹花后叶片衰老生理特性

以鹅毛竹为材料,以未开花竹为对照,分析了鹅毛竹花后叶片生理变化特性。结果表明：鹅毛竹开花后总体上叶片叶绿素、可溶性蛋白质和糖含量不断下降,并始终低于未开花竹相应指标,而可溶性糖与蛋白质含量比值、MDA含量呈不断增加趋势,并始终高于未开花竹相应指标。随着试验时间的延长,上述各指标的变幅以及与未开花竹的差距增大,表明花后叶片衰老逐渐加快。开花初期开花竹叶片SOD活性明显高于未开花竹,而POD、CAT活性明显低于未开花竹,后期开花竹各保护酶活性的变幅明显大于未开花竹,表明鹅毛竹开花后保护酶系统间的平衡失调。推测活性氧的大量产生以及保护酶系统间平衡失调导致的膜脂过氧化程度增加,膜以及蛋白质等生物大分子结构与功能的破坏及其降解等可能是开花竹花后叶片衰老加快的主要原因之一。     

Measurement Methodology for Monitoring Fouling Resistance in Condenser of Chiller

This paper established an on-line monitoring model for fouling resistance of cooling water based on heat transfer theory,which was mainly applied to the fouling resistance test for condenser of chiller in operation,and the test requirements were presented.It proves that the load ratio of chiller has big influence on the test re-sult,and the best load ratio for test is the range of 80%～100%.A case has been executed to validate the mod-el's feasibility.     

Solar air conditioning researches and demonstrations in China

This paper mainly shows the demonstration of solar air conditioning systems in China, which includes LiBr-H2O absorption cooling, silica gel-water adsorption chiller, desiccant cooling and hybrid integrated energy systems for buildings. The match of solar collector types and chiller types have been discussed and suggested.     

路堤填筑施工压实度现场控制方法

针对某公路工程的高路堤填筑施工,寻求压实度、松铺厚度、填料含水量、碾压遍数合理的相关关系,探讨高填方填筑碾压控制工艺,为现场施工提供适宜的控制参数,从而达到经济有效控制施工的目的．通过制定合适的现场填筑碾压方案并进行现场碾压试验,将试验数据拟合出碾压遍数、松铺厚度、含水量和压实度的相关关系方程式,并将压实度检测数据与公式计算值进行比较．结果表明以公式计算的方法对填筑碾压工艺进行控制,不仅可以减少施工控制的盲目性以保证路基填筑质量,又不浪费太多的工期和设备台班从而导致填方单价的上升和工期的延长,为控制填筑质量提供施工工艺数量指标以指导全面施工．     

多冗余度的机械臂容错操作中关节速度突变的研究

推导出了使速度突变极小化的退化机械臂关节速度的解析表达式,并从理论上证明了原机械臂关节速度最小范数解中的剩余关节速度矢量在退化机械臂零空间中的投影为零矢量,该结论适用于任意冗余度的平面和空间机械臂。研究结果表明,利用多冗余度机器人机械臂容错操作可以明显减小关节速度突变,提高容错操作的运动平稳性。     

AZ31镁合金热轧开坯变形行为的有限元模拟

采用二维弹塑性大变形热力耦合有限元法(FEM),对半连续铸造AZ31镁合金热轧开坯过程第一道次进行模拟,分析变形区内轧件的应力场、应变场的分布及整个热轧过程中的温度场的变化规律.实验结果表明:在轧件变形区内,等效应力沿轧制方向逐渐增大,在中性面附近达到最大值54.1 MPa,随后又逐渐减小;靠近轧件表层σ_x为压应力,靠近心部为拉应力,在变形区σ_y主要为压应力,由表面到中心σ_y逐渐减小;等效应变沿轧制方向逐渐增大,在轧件出口处达到最大值0.253;在整个轧制过程中,轧件内部节点的温度变化缓慢,而表面节点的温度变化剧烈,轧制完成后,表面温度从500℃降低到467℃,中部温度从500℃升高到503.1℃,心部温度从500℃升高到502.2℃.     

水管冷却混凝土温度场离散算法网格密度研究

水管冷却混凝土温度场离散算法精度较高,但水管周围温度梯度较大,必须布置较密的网格,计算量较大．为了同时满足计算量和工程精度的要求,需研究水管周围的网格密度．建立3个不同网格密度的含水管混凝土块有限元模型,对每一个模型都分别赋以3种不同的管壁放热系数进行计算．计算结果对比表明,对于大坝目前常用的塑料冷却水管,将水管周围混凝土网格加密1层即可满足工程需要;对于高导热性能塑料水管或金属水管,建议加密2层．     

Quality control for bloom casting of YQ450NQR1 steel

To reduce surface depression of a bloom, the primary cooling intensity was decreased, and the water distribution of mold wide and narrow faces was optimized. The length of secondary cooling zones and the specific water flow were increased, and the water flow distribution among the secondary cooling zones was adjusted to eliminate central defects, such as center looseness, central segregation, and center line cracks. The operation showed that the proportion of surface depression decreased from 37.22% to 2.87%, whereas the proportion of center looseness for 〈1.0 increased from 79.71% to 90.70%, the proportion of central segregation for 〈0.5 increased from 1.45% to 44.19%, and the proportion of center line cracks that are free increased from 39.13% to 62.79%. The qualified blooms are delivered to produce 310 Z-beam, whose yield strength is greater than 450 MPa.     

Hot deformation behavior of a Cr-containing low carbon steel in the ferrite range

A low carbon steel with Cr addition of 0.46wt% combined with trace elements of Mn and Ti was studied. The apparent activation energy of deformation and the hot deformation equation of the steel in the ferritic range were determined by means of single hot compression tests. The hot-rolled strip of 3 mm in thickness rolled in the ferritic range was obtained using a laboratory hot rolling mill. The mechanical properties show that the values of yield strength and ultimate tensile strength are 230 and 330 MPa, respectively, and the elongation is 33%. The average r-value is 1.1. Large polygonal ferrite recrystallization grains with about 40 grn in size and the strong { 111 } recrystallization texture can be obtained in the hot-rolled strip.