1-(4-氯苯甲酰基)-3-[5-(4-吡啶基)-1,3,4 -噻二唑-2-基]脲的合成及杀菌活性

通过2-氨基-5-(4-吡啶基)-1,3,4-噻二唑与4-氯苯甲酰基异氰酸酯反应,合成了目标化合物1-(4-氯苯甲酰基)-3-[5-(4-吡啶基)-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基]脲,通过IR1、H NMR、MS和元素分析等方法对它的结构进行了表征.并测定了其杀菌活性,结果发现:目标化合物在50 mg/L浓度下对黄瓜灰霉病菌和苹果轮纹病菌的抑制率达到80%以上.     

超声包合法分离测定重质油中链烷烃和环烷烃

重质油中链烷烃与环烷烃的分离分析是烃类分析的难点,本文将超声波技术与尿素、硫脲包合法相结合,对大庆减压馏分油进行了链烷烃和环烷烃的分离试验,并用GC/MS和NMR对分离后的组分进行了研究.当活化剂异丙醇与油样品的质量比为7.5、包合反应温度为38~43℃时,5次重复试验测得链烷烃和环烷烃的平均质量分数分别为46.56%和41.88%,相对标准偏差分别为0.7%和0.51%.链烷烃中正构烷烃的碳数分布为C20—C38,其中环烷烃的含量低于NMR的检测限,环烷烃的总离子流色谱图显示出其中的链烷烃含量很低.研究结果表明超声波对尿素、硫脲包合反应有明显的促进作用,能显著地提高重质油中链烷烃和环烷烃的分离效果,该方法测定重质油中链烷烃和环烷烃的含量准确度高、重复性好.     

微型可降解缓释系统释药模型研究

多腔体的微型可降解高分子聚合物药物缓释系统是一种新型给药技术,其载体结构是利用MEMS工艺的制备特点,结合药物释放的要求和高分子聚合物生物降解特性进行设计的。为了达到该系统在体内长期释药的性能,对释药载体的结构进行参数优化是十分必要的。基于面溶蚀的MonteCarlo溶蚀模型,建立了具有多腔体的微型可降解高分子聚合物给药载体的释药模型,并对不同结构形式的药物缓释系统载体进行了释药过程仿真。仿真结果表明,不同结构的微型给药载体给药效果也不同。仿真结果对微型给药载体的结构优化设计有重要的参考价值。     

有机碳源浓度对反硝化除磷的影响研究

广州地区城市污水碳量严重偏低、碳氮磷比例失调,其同步脱氮除磷一直是个难题,为此以SBR法就有机碳源浓度对反硝化除磷的影响进行研究.试验表明:在进水COD为180 mg.L-1的低碳运行下,反硝化除磷系统能够长期稳定运行,除磷效率达到99.2%;随着进水COD浓度从80 mg.L-1提高到240 mg.L-1,厌氧释磷量增加,缺氧反硝化速率与吸磷速率增加;缺氧段存在的COD浓度越高,对缺氧吸磷的抑制作用越大,随着缺氧段有机物浓度的增加,反硝化速率变大,吸磷速率变小,说明缺氧段存在外碳源会优先支持反硝化作用,抑制PHB作为内碳源的使用.     

Bridging properties of the debonded interface with frictional sliding

A theoretical model simulating the properties of frictional bridging is presented and relatively perfect stress solutions for the fiber and matrix are obtained. Based on the energy equilibrium in the process of interfacial debonding, an expression for the energy release rate G is derived to explore the interfacial fracture properties. By introducing an interfacial debonding criterion G≥Γ_i, a method for determining the critical debond length is proposed and the bridging constitutive relationship is also obtained. Numerical calculations are conducted for the fiber-reinforced composite SCS-6/T_i-6Al-4V and the results are also compared with those obtained by using other existing models.     

电网调度自动化系统遥测电路设计

本文主要研究一种新型电网调度自动化系统的遥测电路设计。该系统以16位单片机80C196KB作为核心控制器件,适用于各类供配电网,尤其适用于县级电网,可用来测量电流、电压、有功功率、无功功率、有功电能、无功电能,以及频率和功率因数等电力参数。     

Inhibition of TSH-stimulated thyroid hormone release and potentiation of TRH-stimulated TSH release by indomethacin in perifusion systems of rat thyroids and pituitaries

Summary Using indomethacin (Ind), a prostaglandin, synthesis inhibitor, in vivo experiments in rats and in vitro experiments with perifusion systems of rat thyroids and pituitaries were conducted. After 35 days of intragastric infusion of Ind, serum TSH levels were markedly increased, the thyroid was swollen and, as a consequence, T₃ and T₄ levels were normal. The T₃ release from perifused rat thyroids under continuous stimulation with 10 mU/ml TSH was inhibited significantly (p<0.01) by 1.0×10^–6 M Ind. On the other hand, the TSH release from perifused rat pituitaries under TRH stimulation was enhanced conspicuously by Ind. It was concluded that Ind decelerated thyroid hormone release from the thyroid and accelerated TSH release from the pituitary in perifusion systems.     

Functional and biochemical characteristics of mitochondrial fractions from rat liver in cold-induced oxidative stress

We determined characteristics of rat liver mitochondrial fractions, resolved at 1000 (M₁), 3000 (M₃), and 10,000 g (M₁₀) after 2 and 10 days cold exposure. In all groups, the M₁ fraction exhibited the highest oxidative capacity, oxidative damage, H₂O₂ production rate, and susceptibility to stress conditions, and the lowest antioxidant levels. Cold exposure increased cytochrome oxidase activity in all fractions and succinate-supported O₂ consumption in the M₁ and M₁₀ fractions during state 3 and state 4 respiration, respectively. With succinate, the H₂O₂ release rate increased in all fractions during state 4 and state 3 respiration, whereas with pyruvate/malate, it increased only during state 4 respiration. Increases in tissue mitochondrial proteins caused a faster H₂O₂ flow from the mitochondrial to cytosolic compartment, which was limited by the reduction in the M₁ fraction. Despite increased liposoluble antioxidant levels, cold also caused enhanced oxidative damage and susceptibility to oxidative challenge and Ca²⁺-induced swelling in all fractions. These changes leading to elimination of H₂O₂-overproducing mitochondria avoided excessive tissue damage. We propose that triiodothyronine, whose levels increase in the cold environment, brings about the biochemical changes producing oxidative damage and those limiting its extent.Received 16 July 2004; received after revision 27 September 2004; accepted 18 October 2004     

Triadin: a multi-protein family for which purpose?

Triadin is a protein first identified as a member of the muscle calcium release complex, involved in calcium release for muscle contraction. However, its precise function in this complex is still undefined. Recently, triadin has been shown to be a multi-protein family, with different distribution of the various splice variants within the sarcoplasmic reticulum, raising the possibility of multiple functions for this family of polypeptides. Such functions may include involvement in excitation-contraction coupling, in triad targeting, in structural function or in muscle differentiation. The putative role(s) of triadin(s) will be discussed here.Received 5 May 2004; received after revision 4 June 2004; accepted 7 June 2004     

Role of nitric oxide in the functional response to ischemia-reperfusion of heart mitochondria from hyperthyroid rats

We investigated the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the mitochondrial derangement associated with the functional response to ischemia-reperfusion of hyperthyroid rat hearts. Mitochondria were isolated at 3000 g from hearts subjected to ischemia-reperfusion, with or without N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, an NO synthase inhibitor). During reperfusion, hyperthyroid hearts displayed tachycardia and low functional recovery. Their mitochondria exhibited O₂ consumption similar to euthyroid controls, while H₂O₂ production, hydroperoxide, protein-bound carbonyl and nitrotyrosine levels, and susceptibility to swelling were higher. L-NNA blocked the reperfusion tachycardic response and increased inotropic recovery in hyperthyroid hearts. L-NNA decreased mitochondrial H₂O₂ production and oxidative damage, and increased respiration and tolerance to swelling. Such effects were higher in hyperthyroid preparations. These results confirm the role of mitochondria in ischemia-reperfusion damage, and strongly suggest that NO overproduction is involved in the high mitochondrial dysfunction and the low recovery of hyperthyroid hearts from ischemia-reperfusion. L-NNA also decreased protein content and cytochrome oxidase activity of a mitochondrial fraction isolated at 8000 g. This and previous results suggest that the above fraction contains, together with light mitochondria, damaged mitochondria coming from the heaviest fraction, which has the highest cytochrome oxidase activity and capacity to produce H₂O₂. Therefore, we propose that the high mitochondrial susceptibility to swelling, favoring mitochondrial population purification from H₂O₂-overproducing mitochondria, limits hyperthyroid heart oxidative stress.Received 24 March 2004; received after revision 9 June 2004; accepted 5 July 2004