好氧颗粒污泥实现同步除磷脱氮的试验研究

在厌氧反应1h,好氧反应4h,缺氧反应2h的运行条件下,研究了序批式反应器中好氧颗粒污泥同步除磷脱氮的情况,并对好氧颗粒污泥除磷脱氮的机理进行了探讨．试验结果表明,该系统对氮、磷和有机物具有良好的去除效果,对氨氮、总无机氮、磷、COD的去除率分别达到89．2％～98．9％,81．3％～89．4％,86．8％～90．0％和82．7％～96．6％。     

垂直喷淋式MOCVD反应器中射流影响的研究

针对垂直喷淋式MOCVD反应器的射流现象进行数值模拟研究.通过改变反应腔高度、喷口间距、喷口速度、托盘转速等,对反应器内的流场、温度场、浓度场随上述参数的变化进行详细探讨,进一步探索MOCVD反应器中射流影响的规律.通过模拟发现:(1)在喷口下方的反应腔空间,射流速度、温度和浓度均存在周期性波动,此波动由衬底中心到衬底边缘逐渐衰减;(2)衬底中心处的垂直射流速度大于周边的速度,中心浓度高于边缘浓度,中心温度低于边缘温度;(3)增加反应腔高度,减小喷口间距,减小喷口速度、增加衬底转速,均有利于衬底上方轴向速度和反应前体浓度沿径向分布的平缓.     

Transient pressure analysis for the reactor core and containment of a HTGR after a primary loop pressure boundary break accident

The pressure variances in the reactor core and containment of a High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTGR) after a primary loop pressure boundary break accident determine the structural integrity and safety of the reactor. Based on mass conservation, energy conservation and state equations, explicit formulae for the transient pressure and temperature variances in the pressure vessels were deduced, and a set of differential equations for the transient pressure and temperature variances in the containment were developed. Numerical simulation was also conducted to investigate the transient pressure and temperature variances in the pressure vessels and containment. The results show that energy transformation due to expansion work cannot be neglected. The maximum pressure in the containment could increase by 40 percent due to blockage caused by air in the containment. Detailed numerical simulations of the transient pressure and temperature variance in the reactor core flow passages were also conducted. The results show that the pressures acting on the reactor core and containment are below acceptable values.     

A brief introduction to neutron activation analysis in China

The history, the major achievements in both methodology and applications, the current trends and future perspectives of neutron activation analysis (NAA) in China are briefly described.     

烧结矿竖罐内气固传热过程数值模拟与优化

以某钢铁企业360 m~2烧结机年产390万t烧结矿为研究对象,建立了竖罐内气固传热过程的数学模型,模拟研究了影响竖罐内气固传热过程的主要因素及其影响规律,得到了竖罐适宜的操作参数.研究结果表明:随着气体表观流速的减小和空气进口温度的增加,烧结矿出口温度和空气出口温度均逐渐增加;烧结矿颗粒直径的减小导致烧结矿出口温度的降低和空气出口温度的增加.竖罐适宜的操作参数为:空气进口标况流量45.5万m~3/h,颗粒当量直径0.025 m,空气进口温度130℃.     

SCWR for Future LargeScale Nuclear Power Generation

The ambitious nuclear power program motivates the Chinese nuclear community to develop advanced reactor concepts of generation IV, in order to ensure the longterm, stable and sustainable development of nuclear power. The supercritical watercooled reactor (SCWR) has favorable features in economics, sustainability and technology availability. It is the logical extension of the existing PWR technology and has very promising perspectives in largescale power generation in China. This paper describes the main features of SCWR. New designs of SCWR core structure and fuel assemblies are proposed. Preliminary analysis using a coupled neutronphysics/thermalhydraulics method is carried out and shows a good feasibility of the new design proposal.     

乏风瓦斯热逆流反应器的流动压力损失特性

分析了热逆流反应器压力损失的组成和机理,上下集气箱内和陶瓷床内部的摩擦阻力损失和陶瓷床进出口的局部损失,建立了各部分压力损失的相应公式并根据实验数据进行了计算.结果表明:陶瓷床进出口的局部流动损失远小于摩擦阻力损失,因此可以在损失分析时忽略以使问题简化;下集气箱中的摩擦阻力损失明显大于上集气箱和陶瓷床,并且对进口流速的增长最为敏感,在总损失中占据首位;给出了热逆流反应器的总压力损失计算公式,应用该式可对不同流量工况下的总损失进行计算.     

CuZnAl双功能催化剂上一步法合成二甲醚的工艺研究

探讨TC301／γ-Al2O3和C207／γ-Al2O3双功能催化剂上合成气一步法制取二甲醚的反应,考察了催化剂浓度、原料气氢碳比和搅拌转速对一氧化碳转化率和二甲醚收率的影响．结果表明：在浆态床反应器内,催化剂C301的催化效果优于C207,且催化剂最佳浓度为7．27％;在300r／min搅拌转速下,外扩散阻力的影响基本可以消除;当原料气氢碳比为1．0时,二甲醚收率最大,进而提出利用富碳合成气生产二甲醚是缓解能源问题和减少能源污染的一条新途径．     

COD/N对亚硝酸盐型同步硝化反硝化脱氮的影响

采用序批式活性污泥法,对人工配制的城市污水,通过控制泥龄成功实现亚硝酸盐型同步硝化反硝化,并考察了不同COD/N对亚硝酸盐型同步硝化反硝化效果的影响.试验结果显示:适宜的泥龄下,在控制适宜的pH、DO及COD:N为6.5左右的条件下,COD、氨氮和总氮的去除率分别可达90%~95%、99%左右、90%以上.因此,适宜的泥龄时,控制反应器内适宜的COD/N,可以使亚硝酸盐型同步硝化反硝化取得很好的效果.     

IC+SBR处理抗生素废水脱氮效果研究

采用IC+SBR组合工艺处理高浓度抗生素废水,结果表明,抗生素废水进入IC反应器后,得到有效的水解发酵,将有机氮充分转化为氨氮,厌氧出水经过SBR反应器处理后出水氨氮质量浓度降低到30 mg/L,有时甚至在20 mg/L以下,去除率高达80%,出水水质良好.