Deep-living demersal fishes in the Catalan Sea (western Mediterranean) below a depth of 1000 m

An extensive survey of the deep-living fishes of the Catalan Sea (western Mediterranean) recorded 31 species in 19 families and 29 genera from 100 samples at depths between 960 and 2251 m. Chlorophthalmidae, Moridae and Macrouridae accounted for nearly 85% of all specimens taken. In biomass terms, Hexanchidae, Moridae, Alepocephalidae and Chlorophthalmidae were the most important families. A quantitative model of the bathymetric distribution of the species is presented. The ‘centre of gravity’ of species’ distribution and the habitat width, a measure of the distribution heterogeneity, are also given. Out of the 31 demersal species caught, the distributions of only 13 are centered below 1000 m. The Mediterranean deep-sea ichthyofauna is very impoverished in comparison with the adjacent Atlantic Basin fauna.     

不同蓄水水位下大华斜坡体稳定性分析

结合坡体的地形地貌、水文地质条件、地层岩性特征,进行了不同水位情况下的斜坡稳定性计算.分析了不同蓄水水位对坡体稳定性的影响及其控制因素.     

基于被动行走原理的双足机器人步态规划

为解决四连杆双足机器人的平面步态规划问题, 提出基于被动行走的平面步态规划。基于3毅向下坡面完全被动行走的动力学方程, 利用角度不变控制方法施加控制力矩, 得到机器人在水平面上的动力学模型。结合常数时间放缩方法对平面参考轨迹进行时间放缩, 得到机器人在水平面上步幅不变, 周期可变的行走步态。通过Matlab 软件数值仿真结果表明, 该研究方法是可行、有效的。     

二级边坡锚杆锚固机理及稳定性研究

用极限分析上限法研究了锚杆加固二级土质边坡的锚固机理。通过对对数螺旋曲线破坏模式中各项能量耗散功率的计算,获得了锚杆抗力的上限解,并通过优化计算和参数响应的分析,获得了锚杆加固边坡的作用机理及各参数对加固效果的影响规律。研究结果表明:土体孔隙水压力和边坡坡角均对边坡稳定性有较为显著的影响;边坡锚杆所需要的最小锚固强度随着孔隙水压力和边坡坡角的增大而增大;锚杆的使用可显著地提高边坡的稳定性。     

Zircon U-Pb ages of granites at Changba and Huangzhuguan in western Qinling and implications for source nature

Mesozoic granitoids are widespread in the Qinling-Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt. Precise U-Pb dating on these granitoids can reveal the evolution of the continental collision orogen and thus provide information on the nature of magma sources. This study presents zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating and whole-rock geochemical analyses for two intrusions at Changba and Huangzhuguan in western Qinling. Zircon U-Pb ages for central and marginal phases of the Huangzhuguang intrusion are 214±1 Ma and 213±3 Ma, respectively. Zircons from the Changba intrusion yield a dominant cluster with an U-Pb age of 213±2 Ma. Collectively, these ages are younger than ages of 220 to 240 Ma for ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism due to the continental collision between the South China Block and the North China Block, corresponding to syn-exhumation magmatism. Some inherited zircons occur in the Changba intrusion, yielding a weighted mean of ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages at 757±14 Ma. This indicates that the Changba intrusion has the crustal source of mid-Neoproterozoic ages and a tectonic affinity to the South China Block. Geochemically, the two intrusuons are both rich in LILE and LREE but depleted in HFSE and HREE, similar to arc-type igneous rocks. The Huangzhuguang intrusion exhibits linear correlations between SiO₂ and the other major oxides, implying chemical evolution from a cognate magma source. It contains mafic enclaves, suggesting possible mixing of felsic-mafic magmas. The Changba granite is rich in Si and K but poor in Fe and Mg as well as has a high value of Fe*, suggesting strong differentiation of granitic magma. Therefore, the two intrusions were derived from the Late Triassic anatexis of the continental crust of different compositions in the northern margin of South China Block. This process may be coupled with exhumation of the subducted continental crust in the stage of late collision.     

坡度对入渗河岸带表土层氮素截留效果的影响

利用自制的土槽装置,室内模拟入渗氮素在不同坡度河岸带表土层中的运移过程.通过观测取样点在不同坡度条件下渗流水体出流时间以及水体中TN,NH4+-N浓度,探讨不同坡度河岸带土壤水分运移特性以及坡度对入渗河岸带表土层氮素截留效果的影响.试验结果表明:河岸带坡度越小,入渗水流在表土层中的停留时间越长,河岸带表土层对氮素的截留效果越好,但土层深度不同,截留效果差别较大;坡度越大,河岸带表土层对氮素的截留效果越差,但土层深度不同,净化效果差别不大;坡度大小与NH4+-N,TN截留率之间存在极其显著的指数相关关系.     

公路边坡植物防护机理研究

探讨了植被护坡存在的问题,分析了植物根系护坡力学机理.以实际工程为例,研究了不同植物根系对土的物理力学指标的影响,为植物在工程绿化和边坡稳定方面的应用提供理论指导.     

运用AHP-FUZZY法判定岩质边坡稳定性

在综合分析岩质边坡稳定性评价因素的基础上,对岩质边坡稳定性影响因素进行系统分类,提出一种岩质边坡稳定性预测评价的方法,即系统决策和模糊数学相结合的层次分析-模糊综合评价法(AHP-FUZZ-Y).该方法考虑了影响岩质边坡稳定性的多种因素,并对各种因素的重要性进行分析,给出不同的影响程度权值,从而避免单一判据和主观臆断所带来的局限性.     

公路边坡生物防护与路域生态恢复

从路域生态恢复的目的出发,针对边坡防护是新建公路路域生态恢复的难点和重点．对公路路堑边坡生物防护技术措施进行了探讨．对公路建设的景观设计、施工具有一定的参考价值。     

玛南斜坡下乌尔禾组砾岩储层特征及主控因素

准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷南斜坡二叠系下乌尔禾组具有良好的勘探前景,为明确该区储层特征及主控因素,通过岩芯观察、铸体薄片、扫描电镜及储层物性等手段,对二叠系下乌尔禾组砾岩储层特征及主控因素进行了研究.结果表明,下乌尔禾组储层岩石类型主要为岩屑砂岩,胶结类型以泥质、沸石胶结为主,结构及成分成熟度较低.储层储集空间类型多样,以剩余...