Identification of swelling-activated Cl<Superscript>-</Superscript> current in rabbit cardiac Purkinje cells

The presence and functional role of the swelling-activated Cl^- current (I_Cl(swell)) in rabbit cardiac Purkinje cells was examined using patch-clamp methodology. Extracellular hypotonicity (210 or 135 mOsm) activated an outwardly rectifying, time-independent current with a reversal potential close to the calculated Cl^- equilibrium potential (E_Cl). The magnitude of this current was related to tonicity of the superfusate. The current was blocked by 0.5 mM 4,4-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2-disulfonic acid (DIDS). These features are comparable to those of I_Cl(swell) found in sinoatrial nodal, atrial, and ventricular myocytes. I_Cl(swell) activation at 210 and 135 mOsm depolarized the resting membrane potential with 6 and 10 mV and shortened the action potential by 18 and 33%, respectively. DIDS partially reversed I_Cl(swell)-induced action potential changes. We conclude that I_Cl(swell) is present in Purkinje cells and its activation leads to action potential shortening and resting membrane potential depolarization, both of which can promote the development of reentrant arrhythmias.Received 20 January 2004; received after revision 17 February 2004; accepted 25 February 2004     

Power-Based Arbitrary Decisional Actions in the Resolution of MIS Project Issues: A Project Manager's Action Research Perspective

As a management information systems (MIS) project manager and an action researcher, the author examined, over time, the influence on information system development (ISD) of the informal sociopolitical organizational actions. The paper reports two cases of action research findings concerning the effect on ISD project implementation processes of power-based arbitrary decisional actions in bureaucratic environments. The research focused on the relationship of such unilateral actions to the interconnected subprocesses of deliberate and conscious attempts by the ISD project members to define and resolve system implementation issues. A suggested conceptual framework for the issue-resolution processes (IRP's) and obstacle-coping processes (OCP's) is based on the author's IRP/OCP-related behavioral constructs and theoretical models dealing with soft-systems issues, especially appreciative system theory and soft-systems methodology, and innovative flexible, "complementarist" (Sinn, 1998) or pluralist problem-solving approaches.     

防卫行动指挥训练模拟系统研究

反恐斗争是一种特殊的军事斗争形式,是当前军事训练领域的一个重要内容。为满足国内城市“反恐、防恐”的需要,满足驻城部队军官指挥行动训练的需求,我们研制了防卫行动指挥训练模拟系统。首先介绍了该训练模拟系统要达到的总体战技指标、实现的主要功能,然后给出具体实现的硬件构成和各相应的模块子系统、各个分系统的相互关系,以及电台模拟与实时语音通信技术,最后介绍了系统研制过程当中所采用的关键技术。该系统在某装甲步兵分队应用后,反映效果较好、收效明显,对驻城区部队的“反恐”训练具有很强的推动作用。     

内容违法的民事行为的效力的比较研究

内容违法的民事行为包括违反强制性规定和违反公序良俗两种情形,违反公序良俗的民事行为一律无效,而违反强制性规定的民事行为未必全部无效,需要对强制性规定进行类型化和综合判断。     

行政行为中的第三人及其权利的保护

行政行为中的第三人是指行政主体在作出具体行政行为时，主观上并不以其为行为的对象，但客观上侵犯其合法权益，从而与具体行政行为形成法律上利害关系的公民、法人或其他社会组织。行政第三人可以分为对象错误型、事实牵连型、利益波及型和行政不作为型，赋予行政第三人在行政程序、行政复议、行政诉讼、行政赔偿或补偿中的主体地位和权利是维护他们权益的有效途径。     

剪切与吸附对弱凝胶深部调驱作用的影响

分别用玻璃微珠、石英砂、露头砂制作填砂模型，研究了弱凝胶体系的动态性能变化以及剪切与吸附对其深部调驱作用的影响。研究结果表明，动态条件下弱凝胶体系在3种介质中均可发生交联反应，其封堵能力、有效作用距离、深部调驱作用在玻璃模型、石英模型、露头模型中依次降低，水驱后弱凝胶均呈颗粒状。剪切作用可破坏弱凝胶三维结构及聚合物分子链，延长动态成胶时间，降低弱凝胶的封堵强度及其深部调驱作用；吸附作用可富集交联剂，加快交联速度，缩短动态成胶时间，降低弱凝胶本身强度、可运移性及其深部调驱作用。     

一类Hamilton系统的多解问题

利用下降流不变集方法和极小对偶作用原理,证明了一类自治Hamilton系统4个周期解的存在性定理．     

基于U规划图与动作效果相关的规划识别研究

针对支持动作效果是多个的情况, 智能体如何根据现有的信息为该效果确定最终的支持动作的问题进行了研究, 并给出了相应的FSas算法。FSas算法分别从命题层和动作层出发, 利用被观察到的动作效果或动作以及互斥计算减小了支持动作的空间, 从而求得最终支持效果的动作, 实现了规划识别。研究结果表明, 该算法不仅解决了支持动作效果的动作是唯一的情况, 而且进一步解决了支持动作是多个的情况。同时以实例说明了该算法的执行过程, 表明该算法是合理可行的。     

齿轮滚刀合理窜刀的研究

根据实际的切削过程，给出了齿轮滚刀的合理长度，对窜刀时间，窜刀方向及窜刀尺寸进行了论述。     

近年西安市民国内旅游的特点与问题

对西安市667名普通市民的国内旅游活动状况进行了抽样调查。在此基础上对西安市民的出游状况、消费行为以及对服务设施的要求做了详细分析，总结出西安市民出游的一般规律。此外，还探讨了旅游行为特征形成的宏观原因，并对西安市民国内旅游的发展趋势进行了简要讨论。