A Theoretical Approach for Estimating Fracture Toughness of Ductile Metals

Fracture toughness is very important when applying Damage Tolerance Design and Assessment Techniques. The traditional testing approach for obtaining fracture toughness values is costly and time consuming. In order to estimate the fracture toughness of ductile metals, the fracture mechanics theory, materials plastic deformation theory and materials constructive relationships are employed here. A series of formulae and a theoretical approach are presented to calculate fracture toughness values of different materials in the plane stress and plane strain conditions. Compared with test results, evaluated values have a good agreement.     

Testing and Evaluation for Web Usability Based on Extended Markov Chain Model

As the increasing popularity and complexity of Web applications and the emergence of their new characteristics. the testing and maintenance of large, complex Web applications are becoming more complex and difficult. Web applications generally contain lots of pages and are used by enormous users. Statistical testing is an effective way of ensuring their quality. Web usage can be accurately described by Markov chain which has been proved to be an ideal model for software statistical testing. The results of unit testing can b eutilized in the latter stages, wbich is an important strategy for bottom-to-top integration testing, and the other improvement of extended Markov chain model (FMM) is to present the error type vector which is treated as a part of page node. This paper also proposes the algorithm for generating test cases of usage paths. Finally, optional usage reliability evaluation methods and an incremental usability regression testing model for testing and evaluation are presented.     

铆接结构中缺陷的脉冲远场涡流定量评估技术

针对飞机机身铆接结构检测中难以对缺陷进行定量评估的问题,将脉冲远场涡流检测技术运用于铆接结构缺陷检测之中。利用脉冲激励频谱成分丰富、可提取特征信息较多的优势对铆接结构中缺陷的定量评估技术展开研究。首先,建立铆接结构脉冲远场涡流三维检测模型,对缺陷进行检测,从而确定缺陷位置。在此基础上,分析缺陷类型、尺寸对检测信号的影响发现直接耦合分量幅值与上下表面缺陷深度之间具有不同的变化关系,从而实现对缺陷的分类识别。最终,利用信号的过零时间变化量实现对缺陷深度的定量,在缺陷深度已知的情况下,进一步利用直接耦合分量幅值变化对上表面缺陷长度进行定量;利用间接耦合分量幅值变化对下表面缺陷长度进行定量。     

油田埋地碳钢管道外腐蚀行为研究

针对大庆油田龙虎泡作业区埋地碳钢管道外腐蚀较为严重的情况,通过检测埋管防护层破损点周围土壤的物理、化学性质和硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）数量,分析土壤的腐蚀性。采用扫描电镜能谱（SEM-EDS）、X射线衍射（XRD）和红外光谱（IR）等技术对管道外壁腐蚀物的形貌、元素组成和矿物成分等进行了表征和分析。借助动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）进一步研究了埋地碳钢管道外壁在土壤浸出液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,作业区潮湿的盐碱性土壤环境和复杂多变的土壤性质使该地区埋地碳钢管道发生腐蚀;腐蚀产物主要包括Fe₃O₄和FeOOH,其中FeOOH位于外层,Fe₃O₄位于内层;腐蚀产物通过参与阴极反应或充当大阴极来加剧管道腐蚀。     

基于二进制熵的加解密函数定位方法

针对二进制程序模糊测试中加解密函数定位准确率低的问题,提出一种基于二进制熵的加解密函数定位方法.该方法对二进制程序的控制流信息进行模型构建以定位程序关键代码,提取关键代码前后的数据流并计算其二进制熵,通过前后二进制熵的关系确定被测代码中是否存在加解密函数.实验结果表明,该方法能够有效发现程序中的加解密函数,准确率大于99%;该方法可以用于提高模糊测试发现漏洞的能力,具有一定的实用价值.      

Damage evolution and failure mechanism of thermal barrier coatings under Vickers indentation by using acoustic emission technique

Acoustic emission(AE) technique was adopted to monitor the damage evolution of air plasma-sprayed(APS) yttria-partially-stabilized zirconia(YSZ) thermal barrier coatings(TBCs) during instrumented indentation testing, and then the failure mechanisms were investigated by cluster analysis and wavelet transform methods.The results of cluster analysis showed that there were three classes associated with distinct failure types for the 8YSZ coatings under Vickers indentation. Based on wavelet transform, these three clusters could be clearly distinguished from their dominant frequency bands, which were concentrated on levels A5(0–156.25 kHz), D5(156.25–312.5 kHz) and D4(312.5–625 kHz), respectively. Thus, the failure mechanism of 8YSZ coatings under Vickers indentation could be clarified by the distribution of different failure types in indentation depth. To sum up, as indentation load increases, the 8YSZ coatings can accommodate the indenter by elastic or little plastic deformation, microcracks propagation and then debonding at the splat boundaries. By comparing the distribution of AE signals induced by different failure types in indentation depth for samples with different thermal exposure time, it can be inferred that thermal exposure treatment can accelerate the degradation of APS 8YSZ TBCs.     

指数分布场合下序时应力加速寿命试验的矩估计

讨论了指数分布场合下序进应力加速寿命试验的矩估计问题。     

高应变动力试桩拟合法误差来源分析

与传统的静荷载试验相比,高应变动力试桩拟合法是一种非常方便实用的分析技术,但该技术非常复杂,它的成功应用取决于诸多因素。通过剖析高应变动力试桩法的原理和拟合法的实质,结合工程实例,指出高应变动力试桩拟合法确定桩承载力不仅理论模型本身较静荷载试验存在差异,而且在数据处理过程中由于参数选择不同将引起承载力结果的误差。同时,人员素质也是准确应用该方法并给出合理结论的关键。高应变动力试桩拟合法误差来源的分析,对该法在实际应用过程中避免或减少可能产生的失误将是十分有益的。     

利用在线内阻测试方法捕捉蓄电池组中的异常个体

根据蓄电池劣化程度SoH的定义,分析了深度放电测量方法的约束性,探讨了交流法在线内阻测试方法的可行性,阐述了内阻与SoH之间的关系,提出利用交流法在线测试蓄电池内阻技术,及时捕捉蓄电池组中工作异常的单体电池,进行个别处理和更换,消除后备电源系统的工作隐患。     

基于RSA算法的文件加密系统设计

介绍了素数的定义、Solovay—Strassen素性测试算法、Miller—Rabin素性测试算法和RSA算法的基本原理,以及RSA算法在自然科学领域中的应用。进行了素数生成算法,RSA算法的安全性分析。设计了基于RSA算法的文件加密系统流程图,利用计算机语言编程实现了文件加密和解密的实验系统。该系统简单易于实现,可以用于网络安全实验教学中,以促进学生对密码学中抽象理论的理解。