基于纳米金表面等离子体的高灵敏过氧化氢光学检测方法

在酸性2-吗啉乙磺酸介质中,建立基于纳米金表面等离子体的微量过氧化氢（H2O2）的比色检测体系,探讨裸眼检测途径下的分辨极限,提高体系稳定性并利用光谱分析精确定量H2O2浓度（c）. 结果表明,当c100 mol/L时,纳米金为团聚态,呈现蓝色;c120 mol/L时,纳米金为分散态,呈现红色. 该方法的裸眼检测极限可分辨浓度差为20 mol/L. 反应溶液的显色结果并不稳定,在反应后45 min内变化较快,c为60~100 mol/L的反应溶液也将逐渐由蓝色变为红色. 溶液在570 nm处的吸光度 (OD_570) 检测证明,反应体系在检测后3 h内仍持续变化. 反应10 min后,加入适量半胱甘肽终止反应,可使反应溶液的显色结果稳定,提高体系稳定性. 实验测定不同浓度H2O2反应产物的吸收光谱发现,c100 mol/L的反应孔产物在波长约550 nm处有吸收峰,且吸收强度与c成正相关. 而c120 mol/L的反应产物吸收峰逐渐往短波长方向偏移,最终峰值约为540 nm. 分析反应体系吸收光谱结果证明,各反应产物在630 nm和545 nm处吸光度的比值 (OD_630/545) 与c呈良好的线性关系. 实验对c为100~120 mol/L的H2O2溶液进行检测,定量浓度差为2 mol/L的H2O2溶液,降低裸眼检测途径下该方法的分辨极限,为微量样品检测提供更好的平台.     

一种基于非参数似然比准则的ICA盲检测算法

为抑制CDMA系统中的多址干扰,提出一种基于非参数似然比准则的ICA盲检测算法.该算法直接由观测信号样本出发,使用核函数估计分离信号的概率密度函数,并结合梯度下降法和似然比准则进行目标用户的信号检测.计算机仿真及与其他算法的比较表明,该算法抑制多址干扰的能力介于FastICA检测和最小均方误差(MMSE)检测之间.     

基于ROAMP-Net的大规模MIMO系统智能信号检测方法

针对大规模多输入多输出(multiple-input multiple-output,MIMO)系统存在的信号检测计算复杂度高、检测精度不足等问题,参考OAMP-Net算法思想,引入残差结构,提出了一种新的智能信号检测网络模型ROAMP-Net。将正交近似消息传递(orthogonal approximate message passing,OAMP)估算信号的迭代过程展开为深度学习网络,同时引入残差结构,分别对各网络层的线性和非线性估计值进行逐层修正,有效防止估计误差的前向传播和过程积累,避免网络模型随着网络层数增加而发生性能退化,从而提高最终信号检测的准确度。针对不同调制方式和不同天线阵列的系列仿真实验结果表明,不同调制方式和天线阵列下ROAMP-Net在检测准确度上均有不错的性能表现。     

融合特征通道重要性与相似性的深度YOLO网络压缩方法

基于深度YOLO网络的目标检测方法网络结构复杂、冗余参数过多、计算量大,极大影响模型检测性能。针对此问题,从降低网络中低效通道和冗余通道的影响出发,提出了一种融合特征通道重要性与相似性的深度YOLO网络压缩方法,基于深度网络压缩中的网络剪枝思路,采用2次剪枝剪去低效及冗余特征通道。构建通道重要性计算方法,将稀疏因子作为通道效能计算指标,结合剪枝率剪去低效通道;根据通道间存在的线性关系计算其相似度,对相似度较高的通道进行替代,剪去相似度较大的通道;微调模型参数,恢复剪枝前的检测精度。仿真实验表明,同当前性能较优的深度网络压缩方案相比,提出的方法在保证目标检测精度的同时极大减小了模型尺寸、提升了检测速度,方法可行、有效。     

一种基于块的图像序列闪烁修复方法

亮度闪烁是电影档案中比较常见的一种失真.阐述了亮度闪烁的离散数学模型,根据其大范围亮度变化特性提出一种基于块的亮度闪烁模型参数估计方法,并据此设计了一个可用于当前帧的补偿模型,同时参照该模型对受损图像序列进行修复.因为采用了基于块的局部区域参数估计和补偿方法来保证精确性,可能会在块的边界处出现亮度不连续现象,所以两个模型的参数都需要经过空间滤波处理.实验和仿真结果显示,该方法可在去除绝大部分亮度闪烁的同时,保留同样具有亮度变化特征的淡入、淡出等特技.     

基于车载视觉的端到端驾驶员疲劳检测模型

营运驾驶员长时间疲劳驾驶是导致事故发生的重要原因,为此,企业在营运车辆上安装相机采集驾驶员面部视频,基于模型和算法自动识别驾驶员的疲劳状态,通过语音提醒甚至启用远程护航进行疲劳干预,以此提高驾驶安全。现有的疲劳检测研究大多数都是基于面部关键点检测的算法,该类算法对面部视频的质量要求严格。在真实的营运行车环境中,夜晚光线过差,相机位置安装不理想,驾驶员面部遮挡等均会造成关键点检测失效,从而影响模型的准确性。基于卷积神经网络(CNN)和长短时记忆神经网络(LSTM)设计了一种端到端营运驾驶员疲劳检测模型,该模型以相机采集的驾驶员面部视频作为输入,使用CNN网络提取视频单帧特征,在此基础上将时序单帧特征作为LSTM网络的输入来最终识别驾驶员的疲劳状态,实验表明,模型的接收者操作特征曲线下面积(AUC)为0.9,远优于现有的面部关键点模型。此外,为了提高该模型在实际行车环境中的鲁棒性,基于光线变化及相机变化的模拟操作在训练数据上进行了数据增强,通过模型重训练进一步提高了模型的精度及鲁棒性。实验结果表明,改进前,营运车辆行车环境下模型的AUC相比实验室模型下降37.3%,而改进后AUC仅下降9....     

基于特征选取与树状Parzen估计的入侵检测

针对目前网络空间安全形势快速变化带来的新风险和新挑战,提出一种基于相关性分析的特征选取和树状Parzen估计优化的入侵检测方法.首先,通过基于相关性分析的数据特征选取方法对数据维度进行压缩.其次,对原始数据集进行特征筛选,生成新的特征子集.最终,使用序列模型优化算法中的树状Parzen估计算法对随机森林算法进行模型优化...     

The occurrence and function of the sphragis in the zerynthiine genera Zerynthia,Allancastria and Bhutanitis (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea: Papilionidae)

In some butterfly species males attach a large external mating plug termed a sphragis to the female abdomen during mating. This is derived from male accessory secretions and covers the female ostium bursae and surrounding areas, thus preventing or delaying remating. Specimens of all 12 species of the genera Zerynthia, Allancastria and Bhutanitis (Lepidoptera: papilionidae), which form a natural clade within the Zerynthiini, were examined for presence or absence of a sphragis and their male and female genitalia were studied. In all three genera female genitalia lack a typical sinus vaginalis and the sterigma is modified to form an exposed, shiny, well-sclerotized genital plate, derived from the fusion and expansion of the lamellae ante- and postvaginales. The exposed ostium bursae is situated near the posterior end of the genital plate in Zerynthia, whereas in Allancastria and Bhutanitis it is near the anterior end. A crude irregularly formed sphragis was found at least facultatively in all species. The sphragides of Zerynthia and Bhutanitis were generally poorly developed, in most cases only partially covering the female genital plate. In Allancastria the sphragis mostly covered the genital plate entirely, and generally incorporated numerous long scales derived from the male’s 8th abdominal segment; scales were sometimes sparse or absent, probably due to depletion from repeated matings by males. In Zerynthia, males lacked the dense terminal abdominal tuft of elongated scales found in Allancastria, and their sphragis lacked scales. The sphragis of Bhutanitis thaidina incorporated scales from the male valves, whereas in the B. lidderdalii sphragis (and probably B. ludlowi) the scales derived from the male’s 8th abdominal segment. The role of the scales and possible reasons for the difference in the development of the sphragis among these genera are discussed.     

The varied foraging mode of the subtropical eublepharid gecko Goniurosaurus kuroiwae orientalis

Insectivorous lizards usually employ one of two foraging modes, ambush ‘sit-and-wait’ or active ‘widely foraging’, but in the Gekkonomorpha the situation has been unclear. Therefore we quantified the foraging mode of the eublepharid gecko Goniurosaurus kuroiwae orientalis on Tokashikijima near Okinawajima, Japan, in September 1999. The taxon is rare, endangered and protected. On the selected semi-urban study site the gecko was confirmed as a nocturnal cursorial gecko, which also ascends trees up to 1.8 m. Foraging regimes of marked individuals, during repeated 30-min observation periods, could vary from immobility throughout, to active locomotion 84% of the time. Foraging mode was not significantly affected by sex, body length, mass or state of tail regeneration of the individuals, or by the timing of the observation. In males, at higher temperatures single moves became longer, while time allocated to moving was stable. In both sexes longer observation bouts included longer sitting pauses, which, given stable move duration, reduced the share of time spent moving and the moves per minute. Goniurosaurus kuroiwae orientalis averaged moving during 23% of the time, moving 0.39 times per minute, the moves lasting 77 s and the pauses lasting 745 s. Compared to other geckos, G. k. orientalis may be defined as a widely foraging animal, despite its mixed behaviour. This result supports the definition of the Eublepharidae as widely foraging and is compatible with two hypotheses, that early Gekkonomorpha were widely foraging or that they had an intermediate, undefined, foraging mode.     

基于相敏检波电路的功率因数测量

电网通过电流及电压互感器后,利用相敏检波及相位补偿电路,实现功率因数实时、准确的测量.为电力管理系统提高电网功率因数提供借鉴.