单相有源电力滤波器的控制方法

针对基于单周控制的单相有源电力滤波器只能同时补偿谐波和无功电流、且要求电源电压无畸变的情况,利用基于瞬时无功功率理论的谐波和无功分量检测方法,将单周控制作为电流跟踪控制,在推出控制方程和控制电路的基础上进行了仿真研究,仿真结果证明在电网电压存在畸变的情况下,采用该方案的有源电力滤波器补偿效果良好,而且可以根据需求实现灵活补偿.     

Coral reef ecosystems in the South China Sea as a source of atmospheric CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> in summer

Field measurements of air-sea CO2 exchange in three coral reef areas of the South China Sea (i.e. the Yongshu Reef atoll of the Nansha Islands, southern South China Sea (SCS); Yongxing Island of Xisha Islands, north-central SCS; and Luhuitou Fringing Reef in Sanya of Hainan Island, northern SCS) during the summers of 2008 and 2009 revealed that both air and surface seawater partial pressures of CO2 (pCO2) showed regular diurnal cycles. Minimum values occurred in the evening and maximum values in the morning. Air pCO2 in each of the three study areas showed small diurnal variations, while large diurnal variations were ob-served in seawater pCO2. The diurnal variation amplitude of seawater pCO2 was ~70 μmol mol–1 at the Yongshu Reef lagoon, 420–619 μmol mol–1 on the Yongxing Island reef flat, and 264–579 μmol mol–1 on the reef flat of the Luhuitou Fringing Reef, and 324–492 μmol mol–1 in an adjacent area just outside of this fringing reef. With respect to spatial relations, there were large differences in air-sea CO2 flux across the South China Sea (e.g. ~0.4 mmol CO2 m–2 d–1 at Yongshu Reef, ~4.7 mmol CO2 m–2 d–1 at Yongxing Island, and ~9.8 mmol CO2 m–2 d–1 at Luhuitou Fringing Reef). However, these positive values suggest that coral reef ecosystems of the SCS may be a net source of CO2 to the atmosphere. Additional analyses indicated that diurnal variations of surface seawater pCO2 in the shallow water reef flat are controlled mainly by biological metabolic processes, while those of deeper water lagoons and outer reef areas are regulated by both biological metabolism and hydrodynamic factors. Unlike the open ocean, inorganic metabolism plays a significant role in influencing seawater pCO2 variations in coral reef ecosystems.     

Evolution of the East Asian monsoon and its response to uplift of the Tibetan Plateau since 1.8 Ma recorded by major elements in sediments of the South China Sea

Evolution of the East Asian monsoon and its response to uplift of the Tibetan Plateau has been investigated in the study of global change. Core sediment samples drilled in the South China Sea during ODP Leg184 are the best materials for studying long-term variability of the East Asian monsoon. R-mode factor analysis of major elements in the fine grain-sized carbonate-free sediments (<4 μm) of the upper 185 mcd splice of ODP Site 1146 drilled during Leg184 in the South China Sea shows that Ti, TFe2O3, MgO, K2O, P, CaO, and Al2O3 are representative of a terrestrial factor. The variation in the terrestrial factor score is subject to chemical erosion in the source region and thus indicates the evolution of the East Asian summer monsoon. The terrestrial factor score has three stepwise decreases at ~1.3 Ma, ~0.9 Ma, and ~0.6 Ma, indicating the phased weakening of the East Asian summer monsoon is related to wholly stepwise, quick uplifts of the Tibetan Plateau since 1.8 Ma. The periodic fluctuation of the terrestrial factor score since ~0.6 Ma indicates that the glacial-interglacial cycles have been the main force driving the evolution of the East Asian monsoon. As in the case of Chinese loess, the long-term evolution of the East Asian monsoon recorded in sediments of the South China Sea reflects a coupled effect of the glacial-interglacial cycle and uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.     

脂肪细胞分化: 一个故事、两个章节

细胞分化是多细胞个体发育和干细胞实现功能活动的基本过程. 作为诱导白色脂肪细胞分化的体外模型, 小鼠3T3-L1前脂肪细胞系的定向分化过程由依赖于细胞周期特定时相(接触抑制期)的许可阶段和独立于细胞周期的执行阶段所组成. 在接触抑制期, 通过细胞代谢方式、细胞周期调控因子和细胞信号转导通路之间的相互作用, 决定了各种染色质表观遗传修饰因子的活动, 从而导致具备脂肪细胞分化潜能的染色质表观遗传修饰模式的形成. 在随后的执行阶段, 这种分化潜能被激素诱发, 通过复杂的基因调控网络的动态活动, 使各种控制脂肪细胞分化基因表达的转录因子按既定的分化时间表打开或者关闭, 并决定相关的靶基因的表达, 最终导致了脂肪细胞的形成.     

图的局部连通性与上可嵌入性

研究局部连通图中支撑树的变换. 给出L.Nebesk定理的一个新证明, 并将其推广得到一类新的上可嵌入图.     

干湿循环作用下深部砂岩强度劣化及能量演化规律

为研究干湿循环对深部砂岩的强度劣化机制和能量演化规律,对经历不同干湿循环次数的砂岩进行基本物理参数的测定、单轴压缩试验和扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)观测,探讨砂岩单轴抗压强度劣化及单轴压缩过程中能量演化规律.试验结果表明:随着干湿循环次数的增加,单轴抗压强度和弹性模...     

船用吸附式空调制冷系统可行性设计

分析吸附式制冷应用于船舶空调中的可行性,对其在商船上的应用进行实用性结构设计,对系统的组成进行优化,使之更接近理想循环.对船舶在航行和在港两种情况的热量来源进行控制,并实现了吸附与脱附过程的自动切换,为船舶在运行中实现自动控制提供基础,也为推动吸附式制冷系统在实船上的使用提供新途径.     

一类流行病数学模型的Hopf分支

利用平面向量场极限环分支的Hopf分支理论．研究了一类具有非线性传染率kI^p-1S^q的SIRS流行病传播动力学模型．首次给出了模型中指教为p≥2,q≥1的一般整数时,系统正平衡点的精确表达式,证明了此类系统至少可以存在两个极限环,并给出了Hopf分支的数值计算及模拟结果．该简化平衡点坐标表达式的方法适用于一般情形,从而使奇点焦点量的计算简洁、可行．     

非线性阻尼下光滑不连续振子极限环的全局演化

针对光滑不连续振子,提出了一种优化的广义谐波函数摄动法,得到其极限环的振幅与系统参数之间的解析关系式以及极限环的解析近似解。同时,基于微分方程定性理论,建立了该振子极限环特征量的解析计算公式。利用上述结果,可围绕极限环何时产生、如何分岔、在何处消失以及稳定性如何等问题,对具有复杂非线性阻尼项的光滑不连续振子极限环的全局演化过程展开定量分析。通过将本文所得之结果与龙格-库塔法之结果进行对比,验证了所提优化方法的可行性和可靠性,为研究强非线性振动系统解的全局演化问题,提供了新的参考方法。     

中国某轿车生命周期内能耗和环境排放特性

以某国产轿车为实例,利用生命周期评价方法,探讨国产轿车在能源消耗和环境排放方面的特点,同时为类似产品的生命周期评价提供方法上的借鉴.