改进Simpson公式及误差分析

给出了改进Simpson公式的截断误差,分析了复化改进Simpson公式的收敛阶.数值算例验证了理论分析的正确性.     

求约束极值问题的修正共轭梯度投影法

针对带约束的非线性规划问题,提出一个修正共轭梯度投影算法,并且用不严格互补条件证明了算法具备全局收敛性和局部超线性收敛性;另一方面,算法的每步迭代只计算一次共轭投影矩阵,避免了求解二次规划或求两个投影矩阵,因而算法在计算量上有所改进.     

Bias in the estimation of non‐linear transformations of the integrated variance of returns

Volatility models such as GARCH, although misspecified with respect to the data‐generating process, may well generate volatility forecasts that are unconditionally unbiased. In other words, they generate variance forecasts that, on average, are equal to the integrated variance. However, many applications in finance require a measure of return volatility that is a non‐linear function of the variance of returns, rather than of the variance itself. Even if a volatility model generates forecasts of the integrated variance that are unbiased, non‐linear transformations of these forecasts will be biased estimators of the same non‐linear transformations of the integrated variance because of Jensen's inequality. In this paper, we derive an analytical approximation for the unconditional bias of estimators of non‐linear transformations of the integrated variance. This bias is a function of the volatility of the forecast variance and the volatility of the integrated variance, and depends on the concavity of the non‐linear transformation. In order to estimate the volatility of the unobserved integrated variance, we employ recent results from the realized volatility literature. As an illustration, we estimate the unconditional bias for both in‐sample and out‐of‐sample forecasts of three non‐linear transformations of the integrated standard deviation of returns for three exchange rate return series, where a GARCH(1, 1) model is used to forecast the integrated variance. Our estimation results suggest that, in practice, the bias can be substantial. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于核的模糊c均值聚类算法的收敛性定理

利用Zangwill收敛性定理, 证明了基于核的模糊c均值聚类算法(KFCM)的收敛性. 结果表明, 当核函数在给定数据集上诱导的距离矩阵满足一定条件时, KFCM算法产生的迭代序列收敛或至少存在一个子序列收敛于KFCM聚类模型目标函数的局部极小值点或鞍点.     

一种给出方案偏好信息的多属性决策方法

本文针对决策者给出决策方案偏好程度的条件概率的多属性决策问题，给出了一种逼近于决策偏好信息的决策分析方法，并以实例说明该方法的合理性．     

关于条件特征函数的一些注记

定义了随机变量在非零事件下的条件特征函数,讨论了随机变量的特征函数与条件特征函数的关系,并给出了条件特征函数的若干性质,还定义了条件分布函数的条件特征函数,讨论了条件分布函数和相应的条件特征函数之间的关系.     

一种针对收敛性问题的改进进退法及其仿真验证

进退法是最优化方法中一种常用且简单的一维单峰试探搜索算法.针对进退法的收敛性和收敛速率展开研究,在讨论了进退法的算法原理及其实施步骤的基础上,针对原算法在某些情况不收敛的问题,提出了一种改进的进退法,将原算法每次进退迭代中的转向步长变为与前一步长和迭代次数有关的函数, 这样可以克服原算法不收敛的缺点.通过严格的理论推导证明了改进进退法的正确性,并利用实例仿真验证了其有效性.结果表明:进退法收敛速率不稳定,依不同初始参数而不同,改进进退法以降低收敛速率为代价而保证收敛性.     

Brinbaum-Sauders分布的极值收敛速度

主要讨论了Brinbaum-Sauders分布的尾部特征,得到了最大值分布的渐进展开.     

关于正则条件概率的几点注记

本文证明了关于正则条件概率与正则条件期望的几个恒等式,并将所得结果应用到未必起始于固定点的Brown运动上,同时证明:一个Brown运动如果不起始于固定点而是起始于一个随机变量,则在关于初值的正则条件概率下,对于几乎所有的初值,该运动仍是Brown运动。