钢筋钢丝网砂浆加固砖砌薄墙的抗弯性能

目前,60mm厚的砖砌薄墙已广泛应用于各类建筑。作为隔断墙,可以节省空间,然而施工中几乎不做拉结等处理,使得其安全性（如地震作用下的倒塌）令人担忧。为既提高砖隔墙的安全性,又不较大增加其截面尺寸,提出用钢筋钢丝网砂浆加固砖砌薄墙抗弯性能的思路。共制作了9片砖墙进行对比试验研究,分析了加固墙体的开裂荷载和极限承载力,观察墙体破坏特征。试验研究结果表明,钢筋钢丝网砂浆能有效地约束加固层砂浆及砖墙,显著提高砖墙抗弯承载力,砂浆和砖块不发生大块剥落,本文还提出了钢筋钢丝网砂浆加固砖砌薄墙的抗弯承载力计算公式。     

SCFST柱框架-支撑结构恢复力模型

通过对SCFST柱框架-支撑结构进行拟静力性能研究发现,支撑、梁、柱依次发生破坏,结构破坏机制合理,滞回曲线呈梭形,无捏拢现象,耗能能力良好,骨架曲线的下降过程较为平缓,延性较好,结构在整体上表现出较好的抗震性能,有限元数值模拟与试验结果符合程度较高,验证了有限元模型的正确性。主要研究支撑两边柱的轴压比、单肢柱不同组合截面形式和框架-支撑结构中支撑钢管的刚度等因素,基于大量的有限元数值模型对其进行分析,得到了SCFST柱框架-支撑抗侧力结构的恢复力模型。运用回归分析方法建立结构的三折线骨架模型,明确了SCFST柱框架-支撑结构的滞回和退化规律,建立了此体系框架-支撑结构简化的滞回模型,并与试验结果进行对比分析,二者骨架曲线基本一致,滞回环形状均呈近似的平行四边形,吻合度较高。     

基于漏磁检测的桥梁拉索断丝识别

为实现桥梁拉索漏磁(MFL)检测中低信噪比(SNR)时的断丝识别,提出了基于有效短时互相关(STCC)的损伤识别方法.对拉索进行重复测试并提取对应的信号片段进行互相关分析,通过重新归一化,在短时互相关序列中融入短时能量特征,再结合双阈值法进行断丝识别.制作了含有多种断丝损伤的足尺拉索模型进行漏磁检测试验,基于试验结果验证所提出的方法.结果表明:该方法的损伤判别精度比既有方法提高了15.7%～16.9%,在低信噪比下仍取得了较高的损伤识别精度.     

考虑固结效应的高填方夯实地基桩侧负摩阻力计算方法

依托在高填方夯实地基上进行的桩侧负摩阻力现场试验,根据负摩阻力测试结果,提出考虑固结效应的高填方夯实地基桩侧负摩阻力计算方法。该方法对高填方地基强夯加固区与非加固区分段进行侧摩阻力计算,采用太沙基一维固结理论计算桩侧土沉降,反映固结效应对桩侧摩阻力的影响,利用土-混凝土界面直接剪切试验得到桩土荷载传递函数,反映桩土相对位移对侧阻力发挥程度的影响,采用有限差分法求得计算公式的数值解,并将计算结果与现场试验结果对比分析。结果表明,采用文中推导的公式计算的桩侧负摩阻力沿深度的变化趋势与现场试验测试结果一致,现场实测桩侧负摩阻力值约是理论计算值的1/2,工程应用时可将理论计算的桩侧负摩阻力值乘以0.5的折减系数。     

多梁式桥梁检测的叠加曲率模态差变化率方法

鉴于应用曲率模态的桥梁损伤识别研究大多以一维单梁式结构为研究对象,提出利用G-M法的思想并基于薄板振动理论将多梁式结构转化为正交异性板后,类比梁弯曲理论得到该结构两正交方向曲率表达式,通过分析采用单阶曲率模态差指标进行桥梁损伤识别的不足,考虑利用多阶曲率模态变化率叠加指标进行损伤识别,最后采用有限元软件Ansys建立桥梁模型计算单位置、多位置不同损伤程度的多种工况。Matlab绘图结果表明:沿桥梁纵向叠加指标识别更为精确,对未损伤位置数据扰动更小,指标独立性高,可利用该指标进行多梁式结构的损伤定位。     

铅芯橡胶支座非理想工作状态下的力学试验研究

在大震作用下,桥墩会产生较大的变形,从而使得与之相联的铅芯橡胶支座处于整体倾斜、转动等非理想的工作状态,这样会对铅芯橡胶支座产生较大的影响。本文针对这样的情况,设计并进行了铅芯橡胶支座处于非理想工作状态下的水平性能试验研究,对比了铅芯橡胶支座非理想工作状态下与正常工作状态下的差异,分析了支座滞回曲线、水平等效刚度、等效阻尼比等随倾斜角度和剪切应变的变化规律,以及墩柱倾斜角度对支座的减隔震性能发挥的影响。试验结果表明：支座的倾斜状态容易导致钢板与橡胶脱胶,严重时会出现起鼓、开裂甚至爆裂。铅芯橡胶支座的水平等效刚度随倾斜角度的增大而减小,等效阻尼比随倾斜角度的增大而增大。铅芯橡胶支座边界倾斜会限制支座水平减隔震性能的发挥,随着角度的增大影响更加明显,最大会降低40%。     

Effect of high anodic polarization on the passive layer properties of superduplex stainless steel friction stir welds at different chloride electrolyte pH values and temperatures

The conditions used for friction stir welding of duplex stainless steels determine the resulting mechanical and corrosion performance of the material.This study investigates the corrosion resistance of UNS S32750 and S32760 superduplex stainless steels(SDSSs)joined by friction stir welding,employing cyclic polarization,Mott–Schottky,and microscopy techniques for analysis.The microscopy images indicated the presence of a deleterious intermetallic phase after electrolytic etching of S32760,as well as decreased corrosion resistance.The presence of molybdenum in the steels promoted better passive behavior at low pH.The Mott–Schottky curves revealed p-n heterojunction behavior of the passive oxide.Images acquired after the polarization test by scanning electron microscopy showed higher passivation propensity with increases of temperature and pH.     

基于元胞自动机的30CrMo钢动态再结晶组织演变规律研究

根据30CrMo钢的热模拟实验数据,建立了基于动态再结晶物理机制的位错密度、形核率及晶粒长大模型,并采用元胞自动机(CA)方法模拟了30CrMo钢在不同温度及应变速率下的微观组织演变规律。结果显示,通过CA方法模拟得到30CrMo钢的流变应力曲线及平均晶粒尺寸均与实验值吻合较好,所建模型的有效性和准确性得到验证。当应变速率一定时,变形温度越高越利于动态再结晶的充分进行,稳态下晶粒尺寸相对较大;而当变形温度一定时,高应变速率条件下材料的形核率较大,再结晶晶粒较细小。     

先进高强钢DP590焊缝的组织特征和力学性能改善

The effects of the welding current mode in resistance spot welding on the microstructure and mechanical properties of advanced high-strength steel dual-phase 590 (DP590) sheets were investigated. Results showed that a rough martensitic structure was formed in the weld zone of the sample welded via the single-pulsed mode, whereas the microstructure in the heat-affected zone consisted of a very rough martensitic microstructure and rough ferrite. However, using the secondary pulse mode led to the formation of tempered martensite in the weld zone. The maximum load and the energy absorption to failure of the samples with the secondary pulsed cycle were higher than those of the samples with the single-pulsed mode. Tensile shear results indicated that the secondary pulsed mode could significantly change the mode of failure upon shear tension testing. Therefore, the obtained results suggest that the use of secondary pulsed mode can improve the microstructural feature and mechanical properties of advanced high-strength steel DP590 welds.     

原位纳米增强高强韧钢氢脆性能研究

We investigated the critical influence of in-situ nanoparticles on the mechanical properties and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of high-strength steel. The results reveal that the mechanical strength and elongation of quenched and tempered steel (919 MPa yield strength, 17.11% elongation) are greater than those of hot-rolled steel (690 MPa yield strength, 16.81% elongation) due to the strengthening effect of in-situ Ti₃O₅–Nb(C,N) nanoparticles. In addition, the HE susceptibility is substantially mitigated to 55.52%, approximately 30% lower than that of steels without in-situ nanoparticles (84.04%), which we attribute to the heterogeneous nucleation of the Ti₃O₅ nanoparticles increasing the density of the carbides. Compared with hard TiN inclusions, the spherical and soft Al₂O₃–MnS core–shell inclusions that nucleate on in-situ Al₂O₃ particles could also suppress HE. In-situ nanoparticles generated by the regional trace-element supply have strong potential for the development of high-strength and hydrogen-resistant steels.