抗病毒中药复方制剂对雏鸡免疫功能影响的研究

探讨抗病毒中药对雏鸡免疫功能的影响,为药理作用和临床合理用药提供科学依据.采用水萃取法制备抗病毒中药复方浸膏制剂,将实验动物随机分为阴性对照组、阳性对照组、低剂量中药组、中剂量中药组和高剂量中药组,在免疫接种NDV-Lasota株灭活疫苗的基础之上,以NDV-Ab(鸡新城疫病毒抗体)、CD4+/CD8+T淋巴细胞比值为检测指标,研究中药复方制剂对雏鸡免疫功能的影响.实验结果表明:高剂量中药组在连续给药5d后,能够促进实验雏鸡在疫苗接种后7-14d的NDV-Ab水平急剧上升,14d达到最高(27.8073ng/L),极显著高于阳性对照组的17.8183ng/L(P0.01);3个剂量中药组均能提高实验雏鸡在疫苗接种后7-14d外周血T淋巴细胞CD4+/CD8+比值的作用,14d达到最高,高于阳性对照组(P0.05).结论:抗病毒中药复方制剂具有诱导实验雏鸡体液免疫应答的作用,诱导作用可能与中药剂量及机体的免疫状态有关.     

仿昆扑翼微飞行器中高效传动铰链的研究

针对仿昆扑翼微飞行器对高效传动铰链的要求,从几何约束、应力条件、临界屈曲条件等方面,结合电磁驱动仿昆扑翼微飞行器对异质复合型柔性铰链进行了研究,给出了铰链的设计方法;研究了预应力对整个传动机构并联刚度以及铰链连接方式对整个传动机构串联刚度的影响;得到了传动机构中各铰链的宽度、厚度、长度、旋转刚度等设计参数.结果表明,整个传动机构的串联刚度是其并联刚度的135倍,满足了高效传递能量的要求;翅膀扑打角峰峰值达到了99.6°,较好符合了仿昆扑翼微飞行器的设计要求.     

MD simulation of asymmetric nucleation and motion of 〈011〉 superdislocations in TiAI

The nucleation and propagation of （011] su- perdislocations in intermetallic TiA1 were investigated using molecular dynamics simulations and static energetics calculation, as part of our systematic effort to understand the twining and dislocation behavior of alloys based on y-TiAl. It was found that compared to ordinary dislocations in disordered crystals, superdislocations in ordered TiA1 lattice behave differently when sheared in the two opposite senses along [01-1] direction. This difference is due to the lower Llo lattice symmetry compared with the face-cen- tered cubic （fcc） lattice that it based on, with different yield stress and strain, and dislocation core dissociation and motion. Superdislocations nucleated in the form of loops dissociated in a planar manner into four Shockley partials separated by three kinds of faults： superlattice intrinsic stacking fault （SISF）, anti-phase domain boundary （APB） and complex stacking fault （CSF）, with partial separations depending on the sense of shearing and dislocation char- acter. During loop expansion, the dislocation core changes both in width and dissociation manner depending on the character of the segment in the loop. The core contains four partials close to edge orientation, gradually changing to three fold near 60°, and finally into twofold dissociation around 30° character. Superdislocations may have multiple critical resolved shear stresses （CRSS） for motion depending on dissociation and shearing sense even for the same slip system, with lower critical stress for the motion when SISF is in leading position.     

硫脲和富马酸为主体晶格的四丁基铵包合物的合成及晶体结构

合成了硫脲和富马酸为主体晶格的正四丁基铵阳离子包合物(C4H9)4N ·1/2C4H2O2-4·1/2C4H4O4·3(NH2)2CS, 并通过单晶X射线衍射法对其进行了晶体结构测定. 结果表明: 晶体属三斜晶系, P1(No.2)空间群, a=0.94620(13) nm, b=1.18428(16) nm, c=1.6703(2) nm, α=93.742(2)°, β=91.171(2)°, γ=109.783(2)°, Z=2, V=1.7557(4) nm3, Dc=1.108 g·cm-3, μ(MoKα)=0.071 mm-1, F(000)=636, 对6113个独立衍射点的最终偏离因子R1=0.0910. 包合物中, 独立的硫脲分子间通过氢键连接, 形成沿(001)点阵面无限延伸的二维氢键褶皱网格, 构成类长方形管道的1对管壁, 富马酸分子与富马酸阴离子间以氢键连接形成二聚体,构成管道的另一对管壁, 每个管道内包含了2列规则排列的正四丁基铵阳离子(n-C4H9)4N .     

氧化钛纳米晶溶胶作为共振光散射探针检测L-酪氨酸

以自制粒径约6 nm的氧化钛纳米晶与L-酪氨酸结合后对共振光散射有增敏作用为基础,建立了以TiO2纳米晶溶胶为探针的共振光散射法检测溶液中L-酪氨酸的方法. 考察了pH、超声时间、静置时间、纳米晶浓度和干扰组分对测定的影响. 酪氨酸浓度在0.5～4.0×10-6 g·mL-1 范围呈现较好的线性, 工作曲线的回归方程为ΔIRLS=640.9c+163.4,r=0.993,检出限为1.0×10-7 g·mL-1. 测定了复方氨基酸注射液(18AA)中酪氨酸的含量, 回收率为(99.5～102.0)%,相对     

多规则产品协同设计任务动态排序

针对基于单一特征的任务排序规则的局限性,提出了一种基于复合规则的协同设计任务动态排序方法.在该方法中,建立了协同产品开发中任务完成时间模型、任务排序特征体系.通过仿真方法并在仿真结果基础上,构建了规则权重的多目标函数,求得了各规则的权重.然后用权重对各规则下的排序进行复合和优序处理,确定出优化的设计任务排序.     

废弃混凝土代替天然石灰石煅烧水泥熟料实验

从4个不同地点取得4个以破碎石灰石为粗集料的废弃混凝土样品,破碎、分离,获得以石灰石为主的颗粒,取代天然石灰石作为钙质原料煅烧出4个波特兰水泥熟料样品,并与重庆拉法基水泥厂生产的熟料和市售水泥样品进行对比.研究结果表明:废弃混凝土熟料的4种主要矿物的XRD特征峰明显;游离CaO低于1%;可以用其制备出52.5级硅酸盐水泥.     

相转移法合成哒嗪类糖苷

本文采用相转移法,使乙酰基-α-D-溴代糖1(A-C)与6-(4-甲氧基)苯基-3(2H)-哒嗪酮2以及6-(4-羟基苯基)-4,5-二氢-3(2H)-哒嗪酮5反应合成了3(A,C)及6(A,B)四个乙酰基糖苷化合物.其中3A经氨解脱去保护基又得到一个化合物4A′.其结构被IR、1HNMR和元素分析所证实.     

Atmospheric heterogeneous reaction of acetone: Adsorption and desorption kinetics and mechanisms on SiO2 particles

Acetone plays an important role in photooxidation processes in the atmosphere. Up to date, little is known regarding the heterogeneous fate of acetone. In this study, the adsorption and desorption processes of acetone on SiO2 particles, which are the major constituent of mineral dust in the atmos-phere, have been investigated for the first time under the simulated atmospheric conditions, using in situ transmission Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It is found that acetone molecules are adsorbed on the surfaces of SiO2 particles by van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding forces in a nonreactive and reversible state. The rates of initial adsorption and initial desorption, initial uptake coefficients and adsorption concentrations at equilibrium have been determined at different relative humidity. The presence of water vapor cannot result in the formation of new substances, but can decrease the adsorption ability by consuming or overlapping the isolated OH groups on the surfaces of SiO2 particles. In the desorption process, a considerable amount of acetone molecules will remain on SiO2 particles in dry air, whereas acetone molecules are almost completely desorbed at a high relative humidity. In order to evaluate the role of heterogeneous reactions of acetone and other carbonyl compounds in the atmosphere, a new model fitting the atmospheric conditions is needed.     

Progress and prospect for high temperature single-phased magnetic ferroelectrics

Magnetic ferroelectrics are one of the most important functional materials. The present bottleneck limiting applications of them is lacking of high-temperature single-phased ferromagnetic-ferroelectric multiferroics with strong magnetoelectric coupling effect. Here, those progresses of the mechanism for coexistence of ferroelectric and magnetic order, experimental and theoretical studies on single-phased magnetic ferroelectrics, and the relationship between magnetic structure and crystal symmetry are summarized. With examples of BiFeO3, BiMnO3 and Bi2FeCrO6, the difficulties encountered in this field are analyzed. At last, some prospects to develop high-temperature single-phased ferromagnetic-ferroelectric multiferroics are also presented.