复合桩基中承台内区土阻力群桩效应系数的有限元分析

采用有限元方法，对复合桩基中承台内区土阻力群桩效应系数进行了分析，并编制了相应的有限元程序。应用该程序讨论了桩距、桩数、桩长、土类等对承台内区土阻力群桩效应系数的影响。     

Coastal wetland in South China： Degradation trends, causes and protection countermeasures

There are abundant coastal wetlands in South China and their main characters are the tidal flats, mangroves and coral reefs. In this paper, the status quo of coastal wetlands in South China is introduced and their degradation trends in the last decades are analyzed based on the existing literatures and information. Their degradation trends are characterized by reduction of coastal wetlands＇ area, pollution of seawater environment, degeneration of ecological environment, sharp decrease of biodiversity in the wetlands and so on. At the same time, the causes resulting in the above-mentioned degradations are discussed, mainly concluding imperfect systems of management and legislation, deficient property and assessment systems of the wetlands, weak consciousness of protecting coastal wetlands, shortage of basic study and backward management level and so on. Some countermeasures are put forward for the sake of a sustainable use of the coastal wetlands of South China, mainly including establishing and perfecting administrative and legal systems for the coastal wetlands, developing the study on assessment of coastal wetland, heightening the consciousness of public participation, and strengthening scientific research and establishment of wetland nature reserves.     

钨酸铜的生成及其氢还原过程的研究

本文提出一种生产微细钨铜复合粉的方法。将WO_3(或蓝钨)和CuO均匀混合,在空气中焙烧生成CuWO_4,再在氢气中还原,就能制得微细钨铜复合粉,其钨、铜两相分布均匀,钨颗粒细小且分布狭窄。本文详细地研究了钨酸铜的生成及其氢还原过程,与WO_3相比,发现两者的还原相变过程及动力学过程有某些差异。     

钢—混凝土组合梁的研究与发展

文章对钢—混凝土组合梁的研究和发展进行了分析,并介绍了有关钢—混凝土组合梁的研究方法及值得进一步研究的问题。     

NiAl基复合材料的研究进展

为了提高NiAl合金强度，改善NiAl合金塑性，在制备NiAl复合材料时，用不同的制备方法在NiAl合金中加入增强剂，如陶瓷或金属颗粒、晶须、短纤维和长纤维等制成复合材料，以不同的增强剂为基础总结了NiAl基复合材料研究在制备、结构、性能及机理等方面的最新进展。     

FRP特种航空集装箱夹层板力学行为分析

研制FRP复合材料航空集装箱,以代替原有的钢质及铝合金集装箱,同时为进一步减轻集装箱质量,采用夹层结构设计集装箱各面板;运用复合材料经典层合理论,结合基尔霍夫(Kirchhoff G)薄板小挠度弯曲理论,对复合材料夹层板进行力学行为分析,得到夹层板的弯曲控制方程,并用莱维(Levy M)矩形板单三角级数解法进行数值求解,进而得到夹层板在给定条件下的弯曲挠度,从而提供了集装箱夹层板的设计依据.     

分子筛负载HPA/TiO2催化剂的性能

报道了分子筛负载杂多酸和二氧化钛催化剂MS／HPA／TiO2的制备及其对品红溶液降解的效果，系统研究了催化品红溶液降解的优化条件。实验表明，MS／HPA／TiO2具有良好的催化活性且容易回收。当MS：HPA：TiO2=1：10：1，品红的浓度为0．005％（10mL），催化剂的用量为10mg，反应时间为10min，品红的降解率达到96．87％。     

铂钼合金零件冲裁模的制作分析及改进

以具体零件为例分析了铂钼合金采用复合模加工时的缺点，提出了具体的改进方案，并论述了改进后的级进模结构、工作过程及其优点。     

Simulation of the diffusion process in composite porous media by random walks

A new random-walk interpolation scheme was developed to simulate solute transport through composite porous media with different porosities as well as different diffusivities. The significant influences of the abrupt variations of porosity and diffusivity on solute transport were simulated by tracking random walkers through a linear interpolation domain across the heterogeneity interface. The displacements of the random walkers within the interpolation region were obtained explicitly by establishing the equivalence between the Fokker-Planck equation and the advection-dispersion equation. Applications indicate that the random-walk interpolation method can simulate one- and two-dimensional, 2nd-order diffusion processes in composite media without local mass conservation errors. In addition, both the theoretical derivations and the numerical simulations show that the drift and dispersion of particles depend on the type of Markov process selected to reflect the dynamics of random walkers. If the nonlinear Langevin equation is used, the gradient of porosity and the gradient of diffusivity strongly affect the drift displacement of particles. Therefore, random-walking particles driven by the gradient of porosity, the gradient of diffusivity, and the random diffusion, can imitate the transport of solute under only pure diffusion in composite porous media containing abrupt variations of porosity and diffusivity.     

Autophagy and other vacuolar protein degradation mechanisms

Autophagic degradation of cytoplasm (including protein, RNA etc.) is a non-selective bulk process, as indicated by ultrastructural evidence and by the similarity in autophagic sequestration rates of various cytosolic enzymes with different half-lives. The initial autophagic sequestration step, performed by a poorly-characterized organelle called a phagophore, is subject tofeedback inhibition by purines and amino acids, the effect of the latter being potentiated by insulin and antagonized by glucagon. Epinephrine and other adrenergic agonists inhibit autophagic sequestration through a prazosin-sensitive ₁-adrenergic mechanism. The sequestration is also inhibited by cAMP and by protein phosphorylation as indicated by the effects of cyclic nucleotide analogues, phosphodiesterase inhibitors and okadaic acid.Asparagine specifically inhibits autophagic-lysosomal fusion without having any significant effects on autophagic sequestration, on intralysosomal degradation or on the endocytic pathway. Autophaged material that accumulates in prelysosomal vacuoles in the presence of asparagine is accessible to endocytosed enzymes, revealing the existence of an amphifunctional organelle, the amphisome. Evidence from several cell types suggests that endocytosis may be coupled to autophagy to a variable extent, and that the amphisome may play a central role as a collecting station for material destined for lysosomal degradation.Protein degradation can also take place in a salvage compartment closely associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In this compartment unassembled protein chains are degraded by uncharacterized proteinases, while resident proteins roturn to the ER and assembled secretory and membrane proteins proceed through the Golgi apparatus. In thetrans-Golgi network some proteins are proteolytically processed by Ca²⁺-dependent proteinases; furthermore, this compartment sorts proteins to lysosomes, various membrane domains, endosomes or secretory vesicles/granules. Processing of both endogenous and exogenous proteins can occurr in endosomes, which may play a particularly important role in antigen processing and presentation. Proteins in endosomes or secretory compartments can either be exocytosed, or channeled to lysosomes for degradation. The switch mechanisms which decide between these options are subject to bioregulation by external agents (hormones and growth factors), and may play an important role in the control of protein uptake and secretion.