一类变参数对象的双鲁棒串级控制方法及应用

针对一类变参数对象，本文提出了一种主、副调均采用鲁棒调节器的双环串级控制方法，并给出了这种系统的设计和整定步骤。应用该方法对某电厂变参数过热汽温控制的实例表明：该方法对一类变参数对象的控制具有很好的动态品质和鲁棒性。该方法还可推广应用于采用鲁棒调节器的多环串级控制系统。     

多组分气体离心分离级联的解析优化

为降低级联的建设和运行成本,使设计总流量较小,提出了一种多组分分离级联的一维解析优化方法。应用匹配丰度级联理论的基本原理,计算了不同关键相对分子质量下的级联,分析了级联参数的变化。在匹配丰度级联中,关键相对分子质量是两个关键组分相对分子质量的平均值。得到一种通过调整关键相对分子质量和级联的级数以得到总流量较小级联的解析计算方法。用这种方法,设计了一个分离28S i的级联,并将此结果和文献中的结果进行了比较。该方法得到的级联总流量接近最小值,计算量很小,可以用于多组分分离的优化设计。     

Response of downstream sediment to water resource development in mainstream of the Lancang River

The impact of hydropower cascades of the Lancang River on downstream sedimentation has become one of the key problems in the research of the transboundary water resource development and its possible environmental effects. In this paper, the newest sediment data series spanning 17 years （1987-2003） at Yunjinghong hydrometric station and Chiang Saen hydrometric station, in northern Thailand, are analyzed to reveal these effects. Monthly mean sediment concentration data of the two stations are compared in-phase and yearly series are analyzed by the method of correlation and regression analysis and causality test. The analysis result shows that, though both of them are located at lower reaches of Manwan and Dachaoshan hydropower stations which are already constructed and in use, the sediment responses of the two stations are different under the regulation of the hydropower stations Annual series at Yunjinghong station are positively correlated but do not match well with those at Chiang Saen station. In addition, the results of Granger causality test on the time series also suggest that the series of maximum monthly mean sediment concentration of the Yunjinghong station each year may give cause for the ones of Chiang Saen station, while the series of minimum monthly mean sediment concentration each year and annual mean sediment concentration of Yunjinghong do not evidently give cause for the ones of the other station. Undoubtedly, this discovery will provide new evidences to assess the impacts of cascades construction in mainstream of the Lancang River on the variation of downstream sediment and its transboundary effects.     

绕线式异步电动机转子斩波串级调速系统的研究

为了克服传统串级调速系统功率因数低的缺点,提出了一种新型斩波式串级调速方案,该方案利用整流桥和IGCT构成直流斩波电路来连续无级改变电机转速,同时介绍了一种新型电力半导体器件-集成门极换向晶闸管(IGCT)的特性和工作原理. 这种方法线路简单,对系统功率因数的改善也很有效.     

对微光夜视仪器XX1140级联管的技术特性评估

文章根据实际测试、观察和查阅资料 ,分析国外XXll4 0微光级联管的数据 ,整理、总结了该管在设计及制造工艺方面的一些特点 ,为国内同行设计制造电真空器件特别是同类型微光管提供了方便     

气体输运过程的讨论

采用简化假设的理论和考虑到气体分子自由程的分布及麦克斯韦速度分布律的初级理论这两种方法近似计算输运系数，并指出简化假设理论与实际情形的差异，同时就简化假设理论能得到与精确程度较高的初级理论相同结果的原因进行讨论。     

虚拟装配环境下快速碰撞检测方法的研究

碰撞检测算法的效率对提高虚拟装配环境的真实性和沉浸感具有重要的影响。提出了基于分层次剖分的快速碰撞检测方法。该方法通过综合运用空间剖分法和层次包容盒法快速减少需要检测的基本几何元素对数。利用虚拟装配过程的时空连贯性，通过引用模型缓存和冗余面片索引技术减少计算量和内存占用。应用结果表明该方法能够满足大规模虚拟装配环境的要求。     

Energetic Coefficient of Restitution for a Planar Two-Body Oblique Collision with Friction

Although the coefficient of restitution was originally thought to be only a material property, the coefficient of restitution also depends upon initial conditions as well as on the frictional effect for oblique collisions. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate a method for obtaining the coefficient of restitution for oblique collisions and thereby to provide a theoretical guide for collision experiments. In this paper, we derive expressions for the energetic coefficient of restitution ( e* ) based on general normal contact deformation law, by which the value of e* can be obtained according to the initial conditions. An example shows that the results calculated by the derived expressions are reasonable.     

现代有轨电车碰撞脱轨影响因素

运用多刚体动力学理论对有轨电车与汽车在平交道口的碰撞进行仿真分析.研究结果表明有轨电车在平交道口受到汽车以20km·h-1的速度侧面撞击时,有轨电车的最大脱轨系数达到1.63,超过标准GB5599—1985中规定的第一限度(1.2),具有较大的脱轨风险.此外,撞击后有轨电车的动态响应以及脱轨风险在很大程度上受到碰撞边界条件的影响.当汽车撞击有轨电车前后两端头车时,被撞击车辆承受的横向碰撞力仅能通过一侧的车间铰接结构向其他车辆进行传递,导致有轨电车脱轨系数较高.随着汽车质量和撞击速度的增加,碰撞力显著增加,有轨电车的脱轨系数也逐渐加大.当有轨电车撞击点与车体质心间距的逐渐加大,被撞击车辆除了承受剧烈的横向冲击还产生一定的摇头运动,加剧有轨电车碰撞后脱轨的风险.轮轨摩擦系数由于雨雪等天气因素降低时,一方面车辆所需要的制动距离明显增加,更容易造成碰撞事故的发生;另一方面钢轨对于车轮运动的抑制作用减弱,加大了有轨电车脱轨的风险.     

基于改进人工势场法的巡航导弹自主避障技术

针对巡航导弹在巡航段的自主避障问题,提出一种改进的人工势场法.为解决传统人工势场法无法避免的局部极小问题,本文将局部极小分为两类,分别给出两类极小值的判定定理及方法,同时给出消除局部极小的措施.考虑导弹的可用过载约束,以连续可微的对数函数构造势场函数,定量描述禁飞区和目标点;此外,为实现自主规避禁飞区,合理设置引力场和斥力场的作用区域和调整势场函数的参数,使导弹在合势场的作用下,获得一条适飞轨迹最终抵达目标点.最后,通过数学仿真,验证了这种方法的有效性.