六种沙蒿花粉形态的比较研究

通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜．观察了蒿属6种沙生半灌木的花粉形态．结果表明，6种沙蒿的花粉形态高度一致,极面观均为三裂圆形，赤道面观为圆形或椭圆形，具三孔沟，外壁纹饰在光镜下为表面颗粒状，在电镜下为排列较疏的刺，刺基外延．     

Preparation of exine-detached pollen inNicotiana tabacum

A method of preparing exine-detached pollen inNicotiana tabacum was established. Anthers containing early-middle binucleate pollen were cold-pretreated at 4–6°C for 7–14 days, and were suspended in 0.3 mol/L sucrose solution for 2 days. During this process, the exine of most pollen grains dehisced. Then they were transferred into an enzyme solution containing 1% cellulase, 1% pectinase, 0.1% pectolyase, 1 mol/L mannitol, 0.3 mol/L sorbitol, 0.5% potassium dextran sulphate and K3 medium macro elements. After 15–20 min enzymatic maceration, the exine was detached resulting in the release of exine-detached pollen. Factors affecting preparation of exine-detached pollen were investigated, including cold-pretreatment, osmoticum concentration and enzymes used. Xia Huijun: born in Oct. 1963, Ph.D. Current research interest is in plant reproductive biology Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

李、杏属间杂交时花粉-雌蕊相互作用的生理生化变化研究

以莫尔特尼李和泰安水杏为试材,对李、杏属间杂交过程中的生理生化变化进行了研究,结果表明,授粉后属间杂交组合的SOD活性均随着授粉时间的延长,先上升后下降,呈现波动性变化,不同组合之间存在差异,而对照的SOD活性的高峰出现时期均早于处理;属间杂交授粉组合的POD活性也呈波动性变化,但其酶活性高于对照,并且该酶活性高峰期也较对照提前;李×杏杂交组合授粉后可溶性蛋白含量的变化一直处于缓慢的上升趋势,而反交组合在一个较大幅度的下降过程后才开始缓慢上升;属间杂交组合的MDA含量均随着授粉时间的延长,呈增加的趋势,而对照的MDA含量基本处于一个相对稳定的水平。这些生化指标的变化可能与杂交不亲和性的存在以及花粉与柱头的识别障碍有关。     

翅果油树花粉生活力研究

采集翅果油树花粉（乡宁种群17个样、翼城种群10个样）为实验材料,对贮藏在不同温度（室温20℃、4℃和-4℃）下翅果油树花粉的生活力进行了测定,并探索适合翅果油树花粉生活力测定的方法及条件.结果表明：（1）I-KI染色法适合于翅果油树花粉生活力的检验,而TTC染色法和醋酸洋红染色法不适合;（2）在室温20℃的条件下,乡宁和翼城翅果油树花粉萌发的最佳培养基不同,10%蔗糖＋0.1%硼酸适合乡宁翅果油树花粉生活力的测定,而15%蔗糖＋0.1%硼酸适合于翼城翅果油树花粉生活力测定;（3）在相同的条件下,乡宁的翅果油树花粉生活力较翼城的好.     

中国北方侏罗纪孢粉组合序列

中国北方陆相侏罗系分布广泛,发育完全,各类化石丰富,是研究侏罗系地层的艮好场所。本文根据多年来积累的孢粉化石资料和近期对山东、河北部分地区侏罗系孢粉化石的研究,将该区由下而上划分为早侏罗世晚期、中侏罗世早期和晚期、晚侏罗世早期和晚期五个孢粉组合带。目的是通过孢粉组合带的建立,能对我国北方陆相侏罗系的化分提供一些化石依据。     

槟榔花粉的生物学,氨基酸和化学元素含量研究

研究结果表明,槟榔花粉呈球形或扁球形,极轴长２６ μｍ（２４ ．２ ～２７ ．８ μｍ ） ,赤道轴长２７ ．２ μｍ（２５ ．３ ～２９ ．１ μｍ） ,有两层壁,外壁含有多种生理活性物质;有１７ 种氨基酸,总含量按干重计,三亚崖城（４０．３２ ｍｇ／ｇ） ＞ 琼中湾岭（３９ ．７２ ｍｇ／ｇ）,其中Ａｓｐ、Ｇｌｕ 、Ｌｙｓ 含量较高,分别为５ ．８７ ｍｇ／ｇ、４ ．３８ ｍｇ／ｇ、３ ．８７ ｍｇ／ｇ．９ 种必需氨基酸和６ 种增香氨基酸的组分总量,均以三亚崖城＞ 琼中湾岭,药效氨基酸则以琼中湾岭＞ 三亚崖城;化学元素含量以宏量元素Ｋ＞ Ｍｇ＞ Ｃａ＞ Ｐ＞ Ｎａ,微量元素Ｓｉ＞ Ｍｎ＞ Ｆｅ＞ Ｚｎ＞ Ｐｂ ＞ Ｃｕ 、Ｎｉ．     

Characterization of an endo-1,4-β-glucanase from Lilium longiflorum that functioned in pollen germination and pollen tube growth

Endo-β-glucanases play vital roles in the regulation of pollen tube growth. Here, a previously identified endo-l,4-β-glucanase from Lilium Iongiflorum （lily）, named LlpCell, was expressed in Escherichia coli, purified, and further investigated for its physiological function. The recombinant LlpCell protein hydrolyzed carboxy-methylcellulose （CMC） and exhibited activity towards laminarin from Eisenia. arborea and 1,3：l,4-β-glucan of barley. The pH for the optimum activity was 6.0 and the value of Km calculated from CMC was 5.0 mg/mL. Adding EDTA resulted in the total loss of the enzymatic activity, and this effect could be restored by the addition of Ca^2＋. Western blotting analysis showed that LlpCell protein was present in pollen grains and rehydrated pollen grains, and the amount of the protein was increased during pollen germinating, but not in the pollen tube. Consistently, the immunofluorescence labeling study with the antibody against LIpCell also indicated the presence of LIpCell at the begin-ning of germination, but not in the elongating pollen tube. Furthermore, incubation of LlpCell with pollen at the beginning of pollen germination increased the germination percentage and the length of pollen tube. All of these results suggested that LlpCell could play an important role in the regulation of lily pollen germination and the initiation of pollen tube growth.     

普通小麦与天蓝偃麦草杂交第一代的细胞学研究

普通小麦(Triticum aestivum)与天蓝偃麦草(Agropyron glaucum)远缘杂交第一代无性繁殖第七年花粉败育表现完全不育。在花粉母细胞减数分裂的各个时期中,能观察到单价体、落后染色体、染色体桥以及三分体、五分体、六分体,花粉粒呈教育型。这些异常变化是导致后代不育的原因所在。     

试论花粉形态在种内变异的意义

本文论述了被子植物9科13属27种植物花粉形态在种内的变异.指出花粉形态种内变异在被子植物某些类群内客观存在,尽管变异的程度和方式因种而异,并认为染色体在种内的变异是花粉形态变异的细胞学基础,在同一个植物复合体中染色体数目和倍性的差异都导致其花粉形态不同程度的相应变化.花粉形态的种内变异不仅对认识变异本身有一定的意义,而且对植物分类学和系统进化的研究也十分重要.     

我国特有植物—永瓣藤花粉形态的研究

卫矛科永瓣藤属(Monimopetlum)特产我国,只有一种,即永瓣藤(M.Chinense Rend.)本文报道了通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜对其花粉外壁进行系统研究的结果。从花粉形状、萌发孔类型以及外壁超微结构看,永瓣藤花粉应是卫矛科(Celastraceae)中的一个独特类型。