Population structure and reproductive biology of the fiddler crab Uca urvillei (Brachyura: Ocypodidae) in Maputo Bay (south Mozambique)

Although fiddler crabs are among the main faunal components in mangrove habitats, few studies have described the population structure and reproduction of tropical species. Such information is important for understanding their life cycle and ecology. In this study, the population structure and reproduction of Uca urvillei were studied at Costa do Sol, a tropical mangrove forest in Maputo Bay, southern Mozambique. Ten 1.0‐m² squares were sampled during low tide periods, between January and December 2003. The population is characterized by normal size distributions, which are slightly skewed to the left. Males on average are larger than females. Males were more abundant than females and the monthly sex ratios were male‐biased. Juveniles were found year‐round but were less common in June and December. Both gonadosomatic index and frequency of ovigerous females showed that Uca urvillei breeds continuously with peaks in summer and a strong decrease in winter. Egg number was proportional to female size.     

Genetic differentiation and gene flow of Porcellionides pruinosus (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) in Tunisia

Iso-enzymatic polymorphism analysis was carried out on Tunisian populations of Porcellionides pruinosus to clarify their confused taxonomic status, previously revealed by reproductive and morphological approaches. Seventeen allozyme loci were studied, using horizontal starch gel electrophoresis, in 230 adult specimens belonging to nine populations of P. pruinosus located in north, central and south Tunisia, to assess the levels of their intra-genetic and inter-genetic diversity, and to analyse their genetic structure. Our results indicate a low genetic variability with a polymorphism ratio ranging from 29.4% in Tabarka to 47.1% in the Garat Nâam and Raccada populations, and the mean number of alleles per locus was estimated at 1.51 ± 0.15. The direct-count of heterozygosity ranged between 8.1% and 15%. Substantial estimates of demic structuring were found at the total population (F_ST = 0.198), with a generalized and significant heterozygote deficiency detected in every population (with a mean value for all populations of F_IS = 0.372). Genetic distances between the studied populations were low, indicating that they belong to the same species. Nevertheless, the genetic analyses showed the divergence of the population of Tabarka from all the other studied populations, with the lowest mean gene flow, 0.58, and the highest mean genetic distance, (0.182) obtained also by the morphological and reproductive approaches.     

黄缘闭壳龟生物学特性及种群分类研究进展

黄缘闭壳龟是一种古老的物种,具有重要的经济和科学研究价值.近年随着生态环境的恶化,黄缘闭壳龟这一世界珍稀濒危物种的野生种质资源进一步遭到破坏.通过总结黄缘闭壳龟形态学及种群分类学的相关研究,概述了黄缘闭壳龟的最佳生存条件、不同种群的主要特征以及群体间的分类方法.该研究为黄缘闭壳龟濒危的种质资源保护、栖息地重建、自然保护区管理以及精确系统发育分析提供了一定的研究基础和参考依据.     

老年人体育与构建和谐社会

从我国老年人体育理论基础及其现状出发,讨论了和谐社会视角下我国老年人体育发展的对策,认为,要从落实科学发展观的角度出发,发展老年人体育,建立健全社区老年人体育组织,创新活动形式。     

两种不同神经网络算法预测人口的研究

文章利用MATLAB编程软件,分别建立RBF神经网络和BP神经网络,采用《中国人口统计年鉴》中1999-2003年男性人口总数量作为样本,分别对RBF神经网络和BP神经网络进行训练,并预测后5年后男性人口数量.结果表明这两种方法预测人口均是可行的,效果较好,误差很小.     

一个合成基因网络的电路模型构建

在系统生物学研究中,使用已熟知的工程技术来研究基因网络的行为是公认的有效方法.本文基于一个与细胞振荡放大有关的合成基因网络模型,构建了它的电路模型.使用非线性电路设计方法来维持原模型的非线性特性.分别使用运算放大器方法和MOSFET晶体管方法构建了两种电路模型,并进行了简单比较.结果可为利用电路模型研究更复杂的基因网络提供了一种可能性.     

我国体育人口增长预测模型研究

运用文献调查、逻辑分析、类比分析等研究方法对体育人口增长预测模型的构建进行研究,其目的是通过构建体育人口增长预测模型,准确地预测我国未来体育人口的增长,为相关决策部门制定健身政策提供理论参考。文章阐述了体育人口的特点以及神经网络的基本原理,论述了运用BP神经网络进行体育人口增长预测的可行性,建立了基于BP神经网络体育人口增长预测模型,补充了体育人口增长预测理论研究的空白,对我国未来准确预测体育人口增长具有一定现实意义。     

广西地区CO2排放量变化趋势及驱动因素分析

参考<广西统计年鉴>(1991～2010)中的社会经济指标和能源消费统计数据,采用能源消费耗总量及化石燃料系数估算法估算广西地区1991～2009年CO2排放量,归纳出CO2排放量变化趋势,并将因素分析法应用于Kaya恒等式定量分析广西的经济产出规模、人口规模、能源强度及能源结构等驱动因素对CO2排放的影响.1991～...     

对吉林省生育政策调整的思考

随着计划生育政策几十年的严格落实和经济的快速发展,如今生育政策面临许多挑战和诸多问题,为此酝量已久的对《吉林省人口与计划生育条例》中生育政策条款做了适当的调整。本文从法律和人口规律的角度分析此次条例修改后为什么没有放开“单独二胎”到城镇居民,以及生育政策的微调说明了什么问题,今后生育政策如何发展做了一些思考。     

一类半线性第三类椭圆边值问题非负解的存在性与唯一性

人口扩散模型在社会、经济等多方面有着广泛的应用,对其进行深入的研究有着一定的理论和实际意义.对一类人口扩散方程在其稳定状态下解的性态进行了讨论,其模型在稳定状态是一类半线性椭圆微分方程;对半线性椭圆微分方程的第三边值问题解的存在性和唯一性进行了研究.采用了上、下解方法,构造边值问题的上下解,证明了其非负解的存在性;并就...