MNi4.8Sn0.2（M=La, Nd）-supported multi-walled carbon nanotube composites as hydrogen storage materials

Two composites LaNi4.8Sn0.2/CNTs and NdNi4.8Sn0.2/CNTs were prepared by an impregnation-reduction method. Their hydrogen storage capacity could reach up to 2.96 wt% and 2.88 wt% respectively at room temperature and 1.0 MPa pressure. These values, which might result from the synergetic effect between the alloy nanoparticles and the pretreated CNTs, were three times higher than those of the unsupported MNi4.8Sn0.2 (M=La, Nd) alloys under the same conditions. XRD and TEM revealed that the alloy particles were uniformly dispersed on the CNTs and the average particle size was ca. 30 nm. The composites also showed good stability and the hydrogen storage capacity decreased by less than 6% after 100 adsorption-desorption cycles. Moreover, no noticeable change in crystalline structure was observed for the composites.     

纳米活性碳纤维SBR法处理生活污水的试验研究

在SBR反应器中安装纳米活性碳纤维处理生活污水,进行正常负荷与有机冲击负荷的对比试验,并对生物相进行追踪观察.结果表明：正常负荷运行时,生物膜上的微生物种类多、活性大;出水COD去除率均在90%以上;NH3—N和TP去除率分别在95%以上和72%～85.5%之间,均能达到城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准（GB18918-2002）中一级A标准要求.系统抗有机冲击负荷的能力强,在提高进水COD浓度3～4倍的情况下,去除率仍保持在86%以上;有机冲击负荷对脱氮效果影响较小,对总磷的去除率下降幅度较大.     

冷轧变形对镀镍钢带腐蚀性能的影响

研究了冷轧变形对镀镍钢带耐腐蚀性能的影响.利用电化学方法表征镍镀层的腐蚀行为,金相显微镜观察表面形貌,XRD法确定不同轧制变形量镍镀层中的残余应力.结果表明:2%~4%冷轧变形可以改进镀镍钢带的腐蚀性能,而变形量超过4%会降低其性能.     

Mn_2O_3/CRF复合材料的制备及其在超级电容器中的应用

通过采用沉淀法在碳气凝胶表面负载金属氧化物三氧化二锰,制备得到Mn_2O_3/CRF复合材料。采用X射线衍射及电镜扫描等技术对所制备的复合材料进行结构形貌表征。实验结果发现碳气凝胶具有多重片层结构且孔隙发达。通过调节锰盐的含量考察三氧化二锰负载量对复合材料电化学性能的影响作用。采用循环伏安法及充放电测试对材料的电化学性能进行测试,结果表明Mn_2O_3/CRF复合材料具有良好的电容性及较好的可逆性。当Mn_2O_3含量达15%时复合材料的比电容最大,可达118.5 F/g。通过充放电测试1000次后发现该电极的比电容依然能够保持在一稳定值上,具有较好的稳定性。     

颅底良性肿瘤压迫周围血管的有限元力学模型

在肿瘤切除手术或肿瘤放射治疗之前对肿瘤引起的周围血管和神经的位移和形变的评估和预测极重要.为模拟良性肿瘤生长对周围血管的影响,用细胞自动机方法模拟肿瘤生长,根据四面体各顶点是否属于肿瘤体的各种情况对肿瘤几何模型进行网格化、并建立有限元力学模型.对颅底局部连续切片图像重建三维几何模型,提取血管模型并按曲率的相对值自适应细化血管网格,建立薄壳力学模型.通过碰撞检测得到血管和肿瘤的接触点集并施加大小相等方向相反的外力,以模拟生长过程中肿瘤与血管相互力的作用.模拟实验表明,在肿瘤生长过程中血管和肿瘤各自发生弯曲和形变与实际情况基本一致,实验模型可以在一定程度上预测肿瘤生长情况及其对周围组织的影响.     

曲率效应对金属碳纳米管局域化长度的影响

基于pi轨道紧束缚模型,并考虑曲率效应的影响,解析地推导了金属（即扶手椅型）碳纳米管的局域化长度。发现,考虑曲率效应后,扶手椅型碳纳米管的局域化长度变长;还发现,曲率效应对扶手椅型碳纳米管局域化长度的影响随碳纳米管的半径的增加而迅速减小。     

Temperature effects on ethylene and methane production from temperate forest soils

Change in temperature affects the activity of soil microorganisms.However,there is limited knowledge about temperature effects on ethylene(C2H4) and methane(CH4) production from forest soils.Topsoil samples(0―5 cm) collected from different temperate forest stands(e.g.,Pinus sylvestris L.,Cryptomeria japonica,and Quercus serrata) were used to compare C2H4 and CH4 production from soils at temperature from 5 to 35℃ under oxic and anoxic conditions.The rates of C2H4 and CH4 production from soils under oxic cond...     

The carbon isotopic compositions of Non-methane Hydrocarbons in atmosphere

Carbon isotopic compositions of atmospheric Non-methane Hydrocarbons(NMHCs) in the urban areas of Taiyuan and Lanzhou in summer were reported and the sources of NMHCs are discussed.Carbon isotopic ratios(δ 13C) of vehicle exhaust,coal-combustion exhaust,fuel volatiles and cooking exhaust were also measured with thermal desorption-gas chromatography-isotope ratio-mass spectrometry(TD-GC-IR-MS).δ 13C values of NMHCs in the urban areas of Lanzhou and Taiyuan range from-32.3‰ to-22.3‰ and from-32.8‰ to-18.1‰.δ ...     

CNTs/mesostructured silica core-shell nanowires via interfacial surfactant templating

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/mesostructured silica core-shell nanowires with a carbon nanotube core and controllable highly ordered periodic mesoporous silica shell are syntheiszed via the interfacial surfactant template. The core-shell nanowires are characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) and nitrogen sorption/desorption. The results indicate that the core-shell nanowires have highly ordered periodic mesoporous silica shell (space group p6mm), high BET surface area and narrow pore size distribution. Moreover, the morphology of core-shell nanowires can be controlled by the pH value. The core-shell nanowires have promising applications in biosensors, nanoprobes and energy storage due to their good dispersibility in polar solvents. Supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC) through Discovery Project program (DP0452461)     

Water erosion mechanism of mild carbon steels induced by micro-particles

To clarify the water erosion mechanism of the mild carbon steels, the water erosion experiments were performed by using deionized water as steam source. The results showed that under the damage threshold velocity of liquid impact, the material surface would not be destroyed. However, when the micro-particles were added into the steam, the pits appeared on the surface soon. By comparison, it is found that the pits are quite different from those induced by micro-particles impact without steam, but similar to those induced by cavitation erosion. The results indicated that the water erosion mechanism was similar to that of cavitation erosion under the damage threshold velocity. The micro-particles carry the micro-bubbles to approach the surface of the material, and the micro-bubbles collapse and generate micro-jet to impinge vertically on the surface, which lead to the produce of pits.