中国技术史研究的新视野——评白馥兰著《明代技术与社会》

简要评述白馥兰所著《明代技术与社会》。该书从社会文化人类学的视角研究中国古代技术史,展示了技术史研究的新视野。技术既是生产的物质手段,又是维系社会价值体系和秩序的知识网络。该书考察了技术在明代社会的转变中发挥的作用,揭示了明代在技术领域有多方面的创新,不是停滞不前的时代。该书采用“技术群”的概念,重点探讨农业、纺织和民用住宅建筑三方面的技术,认为是维系明代社会物质文化秩序的重要技术。     

试论日本企业提高国际竞争力的战略及其影响

近年来，日本企业国际竞争力的下降引起了日本各界深刻的危机感。日本学界认为，经营战略的欠缺、生产服务能力的不适应以及下降是其主要原因。因而他们提出了战略重建、模块化生产方式、技术创新机制的培育等对策与建议。日本企业在经营战略、技术创新方面谋求改善以增加企业的国际竞争力以及提高产品的附加价值率的同时，还谋求通过知识产权保护来维护日本企业的国际竞争力。在这方面，日本政府也给予了积极的支持与鼓励。     

分子轨道成键特性的判据

根据Ｍｕｌｌｉｋｅｎ布居，前文提出了成键度的概念，本文证明，成建度可以用于判断分子轨道的成键性质，本文将此判据称为成键度判据，并讨论了它与其它判据的关系，本文引入化学单元及其特性ＭＯ的概念，讨论了成键度判据在预测分子的化学性质和原子簇化合物成键规律方面的应用。     

金团簇和银团簇的半经验理论研究

根据嵌入原子法的物理图象，建立了适合描写金和银团簇的半经验模型势，并系统地计算了Ａｕｎ，Ａｇｎ（ｎ≤１３）的结构和结合能，探讨了团簇的结构和结合能之间的内在关系以及团簇的基态结构随原子数变化的规律．     

FUZZY DECISION-MAKING OF COMBING ROLLER COVERING FOR SPINNING PURE RAMIE NOIL ROTOR-SPUN YARNS

This paper deals with the types and specifications of combing roller covering for spinning pureramie noil rotor-spun yarns.A handling mode combining Fuzzy Decision-making and FuzzyCluster Analysis has been used for analyzing the experimental results.It is shown that,with regard to the specifications of the sawtooth clothing of the combing rol-ler,large working angle,large tooth pitch,fine tooth shape,short tooth height,smooth finish andgood wearability are of benefit to improving the spinning stability and the spun yarn properties.The pinned combing roller,however,regardless of its complicated process of production,is sug-gested to be preferred for spinning the pure ramie noil rotor-spun yarns.The handling mode used in this work is efficient in improving the reliability and objectivity ofthe conclusions and can be used for solving the similar problems.     

最小均熵差准则与模式聚类

作为最小均准则的拓广，本文从数据熵，数据熵差引进最小均熵差准则，并应用于数据与模式聚类；给出基予最小均熵差准则的动态聚类算法与系统聚类算法，最后通过一个应用示例说明这一最小均熵差准则模式聚类的有效性与优越性。     

一个有效的对等网络搜索机制

提出了一个对等网络中基于“簇”的搜索机制,利用信息社会中数据的存放具有结构化的特点,设计了一个算法在具有相似“兴趣”的Peer之间建立邻居关系,形成一个“簇”．转发查询请求时优先考虑“兴趣”更接近的簇内的Peer,大大提高了搜索效率,同时保持了非结构化系统的良好的容错性且支持关键字部分匹配．     

Nucleotide-binding domains of human cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator: detailed sequence analysis and three-dimensional modeling of the heterodimer

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein is encoded by the gene that is defective in cystic fibrosis, the most common lethal inherited disease among the Caucasian population. CFTR belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily, whose members form macromolecular architectures composed of two membrane-spanning domains and two nucleotide-binding domains (NBDs). The experimental structures of NBDs from several ABC transporters have recently been solved, opening new avenues for understanding the structure/function relationships and the consequences of some disease-causing mutations of CFTR. Based on a detailed sequence/structure analysis, we propose here a three-dimensional model of the human CFTR NBD heterodimer. This model, which is in agreement with recent experimental data, highlights the specific features of the CFTR asymmetric active sites located at the interface between the two NBDs. Moreover, additional CFTR-specific features can be identified at the subunit interface, which may play critical roles in active site interdependence and are uncommon in other NBD dimers.Received 16 October 2003; received after revision 16 November 2003; accepted 21 November 2003     

基于DWarf的语义压缩数据方体计算研究

提出了一个可以减少磁盘访问次数的快速Dwarf计算算法Q-Dwarf,避免了在构建Dwarf过程中,计算汇总单元时不必要关闭结点的频繁I/O磁盘访问,节省了时间.并在此结构上构建查询算法以及增量维护算法.实验证明了一系列算法的效率和有效性,尤其适合数据仓库中的高维数据集.