超临界直流锅炉水冷壁压降及出口汽温计算

针对超临界直流锅炉水冷壁结构特点及炉内热负荷分布特点,将水冷壁划分为由流量回路、压力节点和连接管组成的流动网络系统.根据质量守恒、动量守恒和能量守恒方程,建立了超临界直流锅炉水冷壁压降和出口汽温的数学计算模型.在此基础上,对利港发电厂600 MW超临界螺旋管圈直流锅炉在不同负荷时上升系统总压降及上、下炉膛水冷壁出口汽温...     

输电线路智能接地线的开发应用

为了防止引发带接地合闸的重大事故,利用射频技术、GPS、GSM技术的集成开发,实现了接地线的进出库智能管理、挂拆接地线的远程监控,大大提高了接地线管理水平.     

微分电路法测量脉冲大电流的实验研究

作者用双通道数字示波器,通过分压法测得放电电容器两端电压信号变化曲线,进一步采用微分电路对该分压信号进行微分得到回路中大电流的变化曲线。通过理论推导对回路中大电流的变化曲线进行标定,获得脉冲大电流的数值。     

实际空调环境中大学生人体热反应及其对空调关闭影响的研究

针对实际间歇空调运行情况的体现,依托某实际空调房间,基于人体进入空调房间之前热经历以及空调环境变化的随机测试工况,通过人体主要部位皮肤温度等生理参数和室内环境参数的测试以及人体热感觉和空调关闭意向的问卷调查,研究分析空调环境中处于静坐状态人体的生理热反应及其与空调关闭行为的相互关系.结果表明,在四肢和颈部几乎暴露于环境的条件下,空调环境中人体脚底皮肤温度变化明显,并对人体热感觉产生重要影响,伴随脚底皮肤温度的降低,人体热感觉从热中性开始,之后以"阶梯降"的形式逐步降低.同时,尽管空调关闭时的人体热感觉存在差异,但从统计角度分析,决定空调关闭动作产生的关键因素仍是脚底皮肤温度.脚底皮肤温度又最终由人体的环境暴露状况(热环境经历和当前所处环境)所决定,空调环境温度越低,人体对空调环境的热不可接受度越高,空调关闭的动作越容易发生.与脚底相对照,颈部、胸部、手背、大腿和前臂的皮肤温度对人体热感觉和空调关闭行为不产生统计上的显著影响.     

唇音字开合口的演变——从《韵镜》一系韵图到《韵法直图》一系韵图

从开合口的层面分析汉语语音的发展过程，可以从一个侧面来揭示汉语语音的发展规律。以唇音的角度，逐字探讨语音系统所发生的开合口变化，发现在韵部合并及声母的影响下，《韵镜》一系韵图唇音字中的非组三等凡韵合口字发展到《韵法直图》一系韵图时全部变成了开口字。     

多线圈并接耦合时的等效自感系数计算

从法拉第电磁感应定律出发,通过计算N个并接耦合线圈的感应电动势,得到了一个齐次微分方程组.然后,通过行列式的变换关系,导出了N个并接耦合线圈的等效自感系数,并对三个并接线圈的情形进行了分析讨论.     

750 kV敞开式接地开关异常合闸故障分析

为准确分析某敞开式变电站750kV接地开关在大风天气下异常合闸原因,本文通过现场检查、接地开关动作过程分析、结构件材质分析、受力情况分析,确定了该接地开关异常合闸故障原因为曲臂螺栓尺寸设计不合理及材质不符合要求导致螺栓松脱. 最后基于故障分析结果开展针对性验证试验,制定防范措施,确保了设备安全运行.     

基于动网格技术楔形双闸板闸阀开启特性分析

为分析DN225型楔形双闸板闸阀开启过程中复杂的流态问题,得出其流态、阀后涡街等参数特性,通过Fluent流体动力学、动网格技术及用户自定义函数(UDF)的方法研究了楔形双闸板闸阀的开启过程。结果表明:在小开度情况下,喉口效应使得流态呈射流状态,涡流长度可达管径的7倍,并且随着闸板的开启,涡区呈长度缩短、高度减少的规律变化,最终涡区在闸板右上角消失,流体趋于稳态; DN225型楔形双闸板闸适合用作为开关阀,不适合用于调节。     

A study on responses of soil erosion and sediment yield to closing cultivation on sloping land in a small catchment using 137Cs technique in the Rolling Loess Plateau, China

By comparison of volumes and ¹³⁷Cs contents of the deposited sediments before and after 1993, changes of specific sediment yields and relative sediment contributions from the gully area and from the inter gully area after closing cultivation on the later area on a small catchment of Zhaojia Gully, in the Rolling Loess Plateau, are analyzed in this paper. Closing cultivation in a large scale has not resulted in decrease but increase of specific sediment yield of the catchment, in sharp decrease of the sediment yield and the relative sediment contribution of the inter-gully area, and in increase of the sediment yield and the contribution of the gully area, for a short term. The mean specific sediment yield of 29650 t km⁻² a⁻¹ of 1994–1996 in the catchment was 2.2 times the average value of 13413 t km⁻² a⁻¹ for a long term. The specific sediment yield of the inter-gully area decreased from the 14335 t km⁻² a⁻¹ in 1994 to 7034 t km⁻² a⁻¹ in 1995 and 3517 t km⁻² a⁻¹ in 1996, while the yield of the gully area varied between 44944 and 62136 t km⁻² a⁻¹ during the period of 1994–1996 which was much greater than the value of 21118 t km⁻² a⁻¹ before 1993. The relative sediment contribution from the inter-gully area decreased from 23% in 1994 to 15% in 1995 and 6% in 1996, while the contribution from the gully area increased from 77% in 1994 to 85% in 1995 and 94% in 1996. It is suggested that compacting of ploughed soils resulted in increasing of the erosion resistance but in decreasing of the precipitation infiltration, therefore, the soil erosion reduced but the runoff amount increased on the inter-gully area. Increase of delivering runoff from the inter-gully area to the gully area should result in activeness of gully erosion and mass movements, consequently, in increase of the total sediment yield from the catchment.     

伺服随动系统协同工作的优化方案

本文给出伺服随动系统解方程组的开环传递矩阵，并指出使系统协同工作应采取的必要措施是引入自动增益补偿矩阵．