PIV测速中实时可调同步脉冲光照系统的设计与应用设

根据PIV测速系统的需要，设计了与CCD摄像机和半导体激光器同步的实时可调脉冲发生器，结合一体化微光摄像技术，成功地实现了对流场的单帧多次曝光，有效地解决了流动图像获取技术中的光源问题，通过对实际流场的摄取，说明了本文方法的实际意义。     

计算机时钟同步技术研究

首先介绍了和分析了计算机时钟同步系统的主要理论与技术，研究了同步系统的三个主要组成部分，然后研究了应用最为广泛的绝对物理时钟同步系统的设计方法，对其两种核心算法：CRI算法和PCS算法进行了详细的分析及性能比较，作为上述时钟同步理论的一个应用例子，本文最后简要介绍了基于网络时间协议（NTP）的同步技术及其软件实现。     

固体超强酸催化剂的研究 Ⅰ.活性中心形成条件与异构化活性

用微反脉冲技术考察了SO_4~(2-)/TiO_2和SO_4~(2-)/ZrO_2系列固体超强酸催化剂对戊烷的异构化活性。实验表明:分别在823K和948K下处理得到的SO_4~(2-)/TiO_2823K和SO_4~(2-)/ZrO_2(948K)其异构化活性较佳。这两个温度正好相应于差热分析的高温区吸热峰。本文结合红外光谱分析结果讨论了活性中心模型和其形成机理。     

13 K thermally coupled two-stage Stirling-type pulse tube refrigerator

A pulse tube refrigerator (PTR), without moving com-ponents in low temperature region, occupies a number of advantages, such as simplicity, reliability, long-life, low vibration and so on. This novel refrigerator is a potential substitute for the common cryocoolers (e.g. G-M coolers and Stirling coolers), capable of cooling infrared detectors and superconductive devices and liquefying cryogenic fluids. Multi-stage PTRs have been developed to attain a cooling temperature below 20 K and to s…     

氮化铝样品厚度与热扩散率关系研究

应用激光闪光技术测量不同厚度的氮化铝AlN样品时,发现热扩散率测得值随样品厚度的减小而降低。这一现象无法用传统的理论加以解释。我们在考虑了AlN材料的部分透光性之后,推导出与传统公式不同的半经验半理论公式,应用此公式可克服上述现象及矛盾。传统公式是新公式的一个特例。     

利用PCNN实现商标图像检索新方法

 为了解决商标存在尺度缩放、角度旋转和区域局部变化后的难以检索的问题,提出了一种基于脉冲耦合神经网络模型(PCNN,Pulsed Coupled Neural Network)的商标检索新方法.首先通过PCNN图像分割和直方图均衡化技术相结合提出了一种有效的图像预处理算法,以减小颜色对于商标灰度分布差异产生的影响.然后在PCNN模型中提出了边缘时间序列概念,并用于提取商标图像的形状特征,最终实现了商标图像的快速有效检索.在所建立的商标库中进行了计算机仿真,仿真结果表明该方法可有效地检索出待检索商标对应的商标图像,可很好地适应商标颜色变化、角度旋转和局部形状变化,体现了较好的检索性能.     

啁啾激光脉冲控制电子纵向动量关联谱研究

采用三维半经典再散射模型研究了周期量级啁啾脉冲中He原子非序列双电离电子的纵向(沿激光电场极化方向)动量关联谱,其中一、三象限分布的不对称性对啁啾参数变化很敏感.该性质是由电场分布的不对称性引起的.通过调节啁啾脉冲参数可以比调节一般周期量级脉冲的绝对相位能更灵敏地控制动量关联谱.     

Pulse radiolysis studies of functionally substituted imidazolium-based ionic liquids

The reactions of imidazolium-based ionic liquids having different substituent groups on the ring with hydrated electrons (eaq-),hydroxyl radicals (·OH),and sulfate anion radicals (SO4·-) were investigated using nanosecond pulse radiolysis techniques.The spectra of these ionic liquids on reaction with eaq-all exhibited a similar peak at about 320 nm,and a typical peak for eaq-in aqueous ionic liquid solutions.The reaction rate constants for 1,3-disubstituted imidazolium-based ionic liquid hexafluorophosphates (BMIPF 6) with eaq-were deduced to be 10 10 L mol-1s-1,however the values were lower for trisubstituted ionic liquids.For example,the rate constant for 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMMIBF 4) was 5.5×10 9 L mol-1s-1.Imidazolium-based ionic liquids reacted with hydroxyl radicals via adducts to produce a mixture of isomeric OH adducts,and the pk a value of the OH adducts was deduced to be 8.4±0.4 for 1-butyl-3-methylimdazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIBF 4).Moreover,imidazolium cations were also oxidized by SO4·-to produce bivalent cation radicals,which exhibit a peak at 320 nm,and these rate constants are of the same order of magnitude,i.e.,10 9 L mol-1s-1,except that for 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimdazolium tetrafluoroborate with SO4·-(k=2.8×10 8 L mol-1 s-1).Theoretical calculations were carried out to estimate the structures of the products of reduction by eaq- and the results were related to the experimental data.     

中频脉冲磁场对Q275钢组织及残余应力的影响研究

磁处理是一种通过动态磁场与铁磁性工件相互作用来改变工件残余应力的新方法。文中以经过中频脉冲磁场处理的Q275钢件为观察目标,对其标定点分别进行金相、位错结构及表面形貌的观察,探索磁处理对Q275钢中残余应力的影响及磁处理影响残余应力的潜在机理,为磁处理的实际应用奠定基础。