内蒙古蚋类rDNA-ITS1序列分析

对内蒙古2属4亚属7蚋种rDNA-ITS1长度及序列变异进行分析。陆氏后克蚋和长鞭纺蚋的ITS1长340nt左右,宽跗副布蚋、辽宁蚋、内蒙蚋、纳克蚋和红头厌蚋的ITS1长约100nt。陆氏后克蚋的ITS1长度,可作为将后克蚋属归为蚋族的一个佐证。宽跗副布蚋的ITS1序列与近来LaRue等提出的蚋类ITS1存在由8个短保守区构成的39nt核心的这一结论仅部分相符,提示该结论的适用范围有一定限制。     

Interannual variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current strength based on merged altimeter data

Interannual variability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) strength is studied in stream-coordinate with twenty-year Absolute Dynamic Topography data from satellite altimetry. The stream-coordinate projection method separates the ACC from adjacent subtropical and subpolar gyres, enabling consideration of the zonal asymmetry of the ACC rather than assuming that the ACC is a purely zonal flow. It is shown that the ACC strength has large interannual variations with two recent peaks around 2000 and 2009. The interannual variability appears mainly in the Indo-Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean and the strongest signal is located south of Australia. The intensification of the westerly wind in 1998 and 2008 appears to cause the strengthening of the ACC via baroclinic processes.     

Weakening relationship between East Asian winter monsoon and ENSO after mid-1970s

The East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM) is characterized by the frequent cold surges and associated closely with the Siberia High,East Asian Trough,and high-level westerly jet stream.The ENSO cycle can modulate the EAWM since it has co-variability with the sea surface temperature over the Indo-Western-Pacific which can tune the land-sea thermal contrast for the EAWM.This paper,by analyzing the EAWM,ENSO,and associated atmosphere-ocean variability,documents the weakening of the EAWMENSO relationship after the 1970s.The significant out-of-phase inter-relationship is found to be diminished after the 1970s.Further study in this work suggests that the weakened co-variability of the tropical Indo-Western-Pacific climate associated with ENSO after the 1970s is partly responsible for the weakened inter-relationship.Meanwhile,the reduced EAWM interannual variability and northward retreat of the EAWM-associated climate variability are favorable to the weakened ENSO-EAWM connection.     

Enzyme polymorphism in the Sicilian honeybee

Summary In Sicily we can identify two genetically differentiated groups of local honeybee populations, on the basis of the only two polymorphic loci,Mdh-1 andEst; the western one, whose genetic characteristics are probably those of the native honeybee (Apis mellifera sicula) and the eastern one affected by recent large-scale importation of Italian bees from northern Italy.This research was supported by a grant of the Ministero della Pubblica Istruzione.     

第四纪气候演化在地球轨道力作用下的随机动力学模型

本文在随机共振理论的最新发展水平基础上,综合了Milankovitch和Broeckerp等人在气候学上的贡献,全面地重新研究了Benzi和Nicolis提出的用随机共振的概念解决古气候演化的建议.我们首先在胡岗和McNamara等人发展的随机共振绝热近似理论的基础上,研究了多个周期力驱动下的非线性随机振动的可加性问题.提出了用系综平均值来描写全球气候演化问题;根据最新卫星观测数据,求得了全球年平均反照率函数为     

全球气候变迁规律与CO_2温室效应的讨论

地球气候的变化是由其自身发展变化规律和外界因素影响共同作用的结果。文中根据大量前人的资料，从引起气候变化的主因和不同时间尺度等多方面，讨论了第四纪以来的气候变迁规律。据此认为，今后气候将向变冷的方向发展．文申还通过对本世纪特别是最近几十年某些气候降温事实的分析，认为目前ＣＯ２温室效应还尚未对全球气温生明显影响。     

若干气候因素对广西荔枝龙眼产量的影响

根据1952－1966年、1970－2000年广西荔枝、龙眼总产量资料，分析了广西荔枝、龙眼产量序列的变化特处和严重霜冻，气温、降水、日照及冬季低温寒积量等气候因素对广西荔枝、龙眼产量的影响。认为严重霜冻是发展荔枝，龙眼生产的限制条件，当最低气温在－2℃以下时，对产量的影响十分严重；荔枝、龙眼各生育期的气候因素，对产量有明显的影响，荔枝，龙眼的花芽分化，需要适当的低温寒积量，初步认为总寒积量10－45℃（或10－40℃）有利于广西荔枝，龙眼增产。     

我国西北地区沙漠改良可能引起的辐射强迫及其气候效应

以辐射对流模式和区域气候模式为工具，采用虚拟试验的办法，对我国西北地区3种沙漠改良方案（退沙还草，退沙还田，退沙还林）可能产生的辐射强迫及其区域气候效应进行了数值模拟。结果表明：3种方案均能促使西北地区的干旱状况有所缓解，其中退沙还林方案的缓解效应最为明显，可以使得西北地区平均地面气压上升0．25hPa，地面气温降低0．52℃，降水强度增加0．60mm/d。3种方案引起的辐射强迫皆为正值，分别为2．28、2．84、6．79W/m^2，变化趋势与地面温度变化并不一致，表明对于下垫面改变造成的气候强迫而言，辐射强迫并非反映气候变化的较好指标。     

东部非洲的自然带与气候状况的关系

用东部非洲的气候资料计算了可能蒸散量与土壤水分平衡，并分析了年降水量、年可能蒸散量及两者之间的比值和土壤水分平衡的分布情况，探讨了东部非洲的自然带与气候状况的关系．     

广西气候带的划分

根据有关文献和气候资料的分析，将广西划分为３个气候带：中亚热带、南亚热带和北热带。以稳定通过１０℃的积温为指标，稳定通过１０℃的积温８０００℃可以作为北热带与南亚热带的分界线；而积温６９００℃则可以作为南亚热带与中亚热带的分界线。根据这一指标，广西北热带北界大约经过防城港市的那酮北、马路北、防城港、北海市的北海北、山口北一线；南亚热带北界从贺州市信都附近经平南北、武宣、宾阳、上林、马山、都安、巴马