全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1076篇 |
免费 | 53篇 |
国内免费 | 58篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 20篇 |
丛书文集 | 24篇 |
教育与普及 | 30篇 |
理论与方法论 | 12篇 |
现状及发展 | 22篇 |
综合类 | 1067篇 |
自然研究 | 12篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 15篇 |
2022年 | 20篇 |
2021年 | 22篇 |
2020年 | 35篇 |
2019年 | 27篇 |
2018年 | 11篇 |
2017年 | 35篇 |
2016年 | 31篇 |
2015年 | 39篇 |
2014年 | 56篇 |
2013年 | 48篇 |
2012年 | 77篇 |
2011年 | 86篇 |
2010年 | 58篇 |
2009年 | 63篇 |
2008年 | 51篇 |
2007年 | 74篇 |
2006年 | 49篇 |
2005年 | 55篇 |
2004年 | 58篇 |
2003年 | 41篇 |
2002年 | 34篇 |
2001年 | 20篇 |
2000年 | 30篇 |
1999年 | 23篇 |
1998年 | 16篇 |
1997年 | 19篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 12篇 |
1994年 | 15篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 8篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有1187条查询结果,搜索用时 204 毫秒
31.
This paper, which presents an annotated checklist of the ‘lower Nymphalidae’ (Libytheinae, Danainae, Satyrinae, Charaxinae), is the fourth in a series on the butterfly fauna of Mount Kilimanjaro. Four genera of lower Nymphalidae (Danaus, Amauris, Bicyclus, Charaxes), with a total of 11 included species, are known or believed to occur within the main forest zone, from c. 1800 to 2800 m. Of these, only three species of Charaxes (Charaxes berkeleyi, Charaxes ansorgei, Charaxes xiphares) may be restricted locally to this primary forest. The lower slopes fauna, below 1800 m, is considerably richer, with a total of 11 genera and 41 species listed (8 species of which extend into the forest zone). Possible additional species, dubious earlier records, problems with African subspecies of Danaus chrysippus, a need for more work on certain Satyrinae, and classification of the genus Charaxes are discussed. An identification key to the subfamilies of Nymphalidae, and the 19 genera of Libytheinae, Danainae, Satyrinae, Charaxinae that occur in Tanzania, together with a key to the adults of all the species of these four subfamilies considered to occur or have occurred on Kilimanjaro, with 206 colour images, are included as online Supplementary Information. 相似文献
32.
The Middle Pliocene (ca 3.12–2.97 Ma) is a recent warm period in the Earth’s history. In many respects, the warmth of the Middle Pliocene is similar to the probable warm situation of the late 21st century predicted by climate models. Understanding the Middle Pliocene climate is important in predicting the future climate with global warming. Here, we used the latest reconstructions for the Middle Pliocene—Pliocene Research Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping (PRISM) version 3—to simulate the Middle Pliocene ... 相似文献
33.
全球变暖和氮格局的改变对生态系统碳通量的变化具有深远的影响,长期的模拟增温和氮沉降实验对预测21世纪全球气候变化下草地生态系统生产力和碳匮缺的响应有着至关重要的意义.在中国东北松嫩草地开展4年的增温和施氯实验,通过测定羊草草地光合特性,试图揭示全球变化对羊草草地的碳、水通量产生的影响.试验采用一个封闭的光合测定系统(LI-6400)测定草地的碳、水通量变化,通过计算CO2的变化量确定净生态系统CO2交换量.结果表明,增温降低了净生态系统CO2交换量(NEE),净生态系统生产力(GEP)和生态系统蒸腾作用(ET),升高了生态系统呼吸(ER)和水分利用效率(WUE);施氮处理刺激了NEE、ER、GEP和WUE;增温加施氮处理,氮素的添加缓解了因增温对生态系统产生的负效应.碳、水通量对全球变化的响应是通过改变生物群落中优势物种羊草的数量实现的,全球变化能在短期内迅速改变松嫩草地的碳通量.这些结果都有助于理解未来生态系统碳循环对全球气候变化的反馈. 相似文献
34.
Wang LiBo Yang ZuoSheng ZHang RongPing Fan DeJiang Zhao MeiXun Hu BangQi 《科学通报(英文版)》2011,56(15):1588-1595
Sea surface temperature (SST) records in the South Yellow Sea during the last 6200 years are reconstructed by the unsaturation index of long-chain alkenones (K 37 U ’) in sediment core ZY2 from the central mud area.The SST records varied between 14.1 and 16.5°C (15.6°C on average),with 3 phases:(1) A high SST phase at 6.2-5.9 cal ka BP;(2) A low and intensely fluctuating SST phase at 5.9-2.3 cal ka BP;and (3) A high and stable SST phase since 2.3 cal ka BP.Variation of the SST records is similar to intensity of the Kuroshio Current (KC),and corresponds well in time to global cold climate events.However,the amplitude of the SST response to cooling events was significantly different in different phases.The SST response to global cooling event was weak while the KC was strong;and the SST response was strong while the KC was weak.The difference in amplitude of the SST response is possibly caused by the modulation effect of the Yellow Sea Warm Current which acts as a shelf branch of the KC and a compensating current induced by the East Asia winter monsoon.The warm waters brought by the Yellow Sea Warm Current cushion the SST decrease induced by climate cooling,and both the Kuroshio and East Asian winter monsoon play important roles in the modulation mechanism.The SST records display a periodicity of 1482 years.The same period was found in the KC records,indicating that variation of the SST records in the central South Yellow Sea is strongly affected by KC intensity.The same period was also found in Greenland ice cores and North Atlantic and Arabian Sea sediment cores,showing a regional response of marine environmental variability in the East China Seas to that in the global oceans. 相似文献
35.
MAN WenMin & ZHOU TianJun The State Key Latoratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences Geophysical Fluid Dynamics 《科学通报(英文版)》2011,(Z2)
Variations in global atmospheric oscillations during the last millennium are simulated using the climate system model FGOALS_gl. The model was driven by reconstructions of both natural forcing (solar variability and volcanic aerosol) and anthropogenic forcing (greenhouse gases and sulfate aerosol). The model results are compared against proxy reconstruction data. The reconstructed North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) was out of phase with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) in the last millennium. During the ... 相似文献
36.
A method is introduced in this paper to study the effect of future climatic change on the economy. The researchers determine
the economic output of climate change from historical data, and provide a method to quantitatively predict economic output
of climate change by an economic-climatic model. A historical reciprocating examination is used to analyze output data for
various crops in eight agricultural areas in China and meteorological data from 160 observatories in China from 1980 to 2000.
The results show that the methods used are reasonable to a certain extent and good in application. 相似文献
37.
This study analyzes the changes in glacier zones and snow composition of Glacier No.1 in the Tianshan Mountains of China since 1961,and their possible relations with climate.It is found that precipitation dominated the snow composition and that air temperature and precipitation controlled the distribution of glacier zones,but interannual change in precipitation had a relatively large effect on glacier zones and snow composition during 1963–1981 (P10) and 1963–1989 (P11).However,during 1982–2007 (P20) and 19... 相似文献
38.
利用楚雄市1961~2010年50 a的气候和水资源等资料,分析了楚雄市近半个世纪以来气候的变化及其对径流、水资源变化的影响.分析结果表明:50 a来楚雄市各季和年平均气温均呈上升趋势,年平均气温以0.33℃/10 a速率上升,冬季平均气温增暖速率最为显著;近50 a来楚雄市年降水量有增多的趋势,以21.26mm/10 a的速度在递增.春季和夏季降水量增加较多;而冬季和秋季平均降水量则呈缓慢增多的趋势.水资源总量、地表水径流量、地下水呈减少趋势. 相似文献
39.
为了探讨气候变化背景下温室气体排放权分摊机制这一研究难点,综述了温室气体减排责任分解方法的研究现状,遵循"共同但有区别的责任"思想并利用WRE稳定性廓线和IEA/SMP交通模型,开发了SMP-WRE模型。应用该模型建立了一种产业部门具体减排责任的分解方法,并以中国轻型车部门为例,展示了该方法的实现过程。结果表明:全球轻型车的基准排放是目标排放的2~4倍,说明轻型车部门实现450×10-6和550×10-6的CO2稳定水平难度很大。目标分解后的地区排放变化率欧美国家较小、中国较大,原因是欧美汽车市场规模饱和,而中国汽车正爆发式增加,排放增加不可避免。 相似文献
40.
利用1961~2004年多层次的NCEP环流资料初选出与台站月降水量的显著相关区,通过最优子集回归模型对各初选因子进行筛选和组合,形成了安徽省35个台站的月降水量回归模型,并分别利用NCEP资料和月动力延伸模式环流预报作为输入场对2005~2009年安徽省月降水量进行了回报.结果表明,该降尺度模型包含高低层的多种资料,各因子组合起来可以从统计上反映出一些影响降水的环流配置型,较传统的仅用500hPa资料的降尺度模型内容更为丰富.从回报的效果来看,预测值与实况值平均距平符号一致率为63%,PS评分为75分,其中对涝月的预测效果要好于旱月. 相似文献