全球气候变化与塔里木盆地古城绿洲演变关系

我国西部地区地形复杂,气候的地域差异性大.特别是青藏高原的突起给塔里木盆地的环境带来了巨大的变化,导致盆地气温降水的突变.从而使塔里木盆地水流分布状态发生改变,导致盆地中原有的古绿洲的蜕变,进而直接影响到整个人类的发展历史.历史研究表明,塔里木盆地气候服从于全球气候变化,并且与某些人文事件,特别是古城绿洲兴盛与消亡有着十分一致的耦合关系.所以,全球环境变化对古城绿洲发展影响重大.     

Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium for 1-Butanol-Water-KF and 1-Butanol-Water-K2CO3 Systems

KF or K2CO3 was added into the 1-butanol-water system and two phases were formed： water-rich phase （water phase） and 1-butanol-rich phase （1-butanol phase）. The liquid liquid equilibrium （LLE） data for 1-butanol-water-KF and 1-butanol-water-K2CO3 systems were measured at 25℃ and showed that 1-butanol phase contained negligible salt and water phase contained negligible 1-butanol when the concentrations of KF and K2CO3 in the water phase were equal to or higher than 27.11% and 31.68% , respectively. Thus water could be separated efficiently from 1-butanol-water by adding KF or K2CO3 into the system. A theoretical calculation of LLE data was calculated by using the Pitzer theory to get water activity in the water phase, and by the models, such as the Wilson, NRTL or the UNIQUAC for the 1-butanol phase. For 1-hutanol-water-KF system, the experimental data were found in good agreement with the calculated results by using Pitzer theory and Wilson equa tion, while for 1-butanol-water-K2CO3 system, the experimental data were found in good agreement with the calculated results by using Pitzer theory and UNIQUAC eauation.     

城市房屋拆迁中产权问题的思考

本文针对目前我国城市房屋拆迁问题，通过对城市房屋拆迁过程涉及的权利内容进行了总结，并在此基础上，着重分析了城市房屋拆迁过程中权利保护的有关问题，提出了在城市房屋拆迁过程中，房屋产权要高于拆迁权的思想基础，期望通过本文分析达到抛砖引玉的作用，为今后加强对城市房屋拆迁管理，进一步完善我国城市房屋拆迁制度提供一个更为深入的研究路线。     

我国古代刑法的溯及力

刑法溯及力在我国古代法律文献中多有记载，随着历代刑事政策以及立法指导思想的变化，历史上各朝代对刑法溯及力规定各有不同。唐朝刑律立法成熟，确立了现代意义上的“从旧兼从轻”原则，从法律制度史角度来看，当是现代刑法溯及力制度的渊源。     

300 MW直接空冷机组启动冲洗工艺探讨

以华泽铝电空冷机组为例，对300MW直接空冷机组的启动冲洗工艺进行了探讨，并对其冲洗方法和冲洗原则进行了较为详细的介绍。     

化学一级强化+悬浮填料活性污泥处理污水

针对浙江无锡市惠山区新建的惠山污水处理厂设计工艺,采用化学一级强化处理工艺及悬浮填料活性污泥法,并且就这两种工艺结合组成的二级强化处理工艺在工程实践中的应用作了技术可靠性和经济合理性分析.得出化学一级强化及悬浮填料活性污泥法的处理工艺具有工程投资省、适应水质变化操作灵活等优点.但由于没有太多运行经验,所以需要一个逐步摸索的过程.     

非晶态Te_（81）Ge_（15）Sb_4薄膜材料的电学性能

对用熔体淬火再真空蒸发所制备的非晶态Ｔｅ＿（８ｌ）Ｇｅ＿（１５）Ｓｂ＿４薄膜的伏－安特性，直流电导率及玻璃转变温度等性能进行了研究。结果表明，这种材料具有较好的开关效应及较高的热稳定性，可用作开关器件等。     

Internal interactions within the human circadian system: the masking effect

Summary In the realm of human circadian rhythms, the masking effect is defined as the change in the course of deep body temperature induced by changes in the degree of physical activity, or by the alteration between sleep and wake. This effect is particularly obvious during internal desynchronization where the rhythms of deep body temperature, and the sleep-wake sleep-wake sleep cycle — i.e. one of the masking factors — run with different periods.Every sleep onset is accompanied by a rapid drop, and wake onset by a rapid rise in deep body temperature, each one with an overshoot of about 50% of the steady state variations. When rhythms are calculated, with the dominant temperature period as the screening period, exclusively from data obtained during sleep episodes, on the one hand, and from those obtained exclusively during wake, on the other, two average cycles emerge: the sleep temperature curve and the wake temperature curve. Both run in parallel but are separated by the masking effcct. As derived from many experiments, the mean masking effect amounts to 0.28±0.06°C. The masking effect also depends to some extent on the phase of the temperature rhtthm; it is larger than average around the temperature maximum and during the descending phase of the temperature cycle, where the alertness commonly is highest and the probability to sleep, in general, and the REM sleep propensity, in particular, are smaller than average. This also can be interpreted to indicate that the sleep temperature curve is phase advanced relative to the wake temperature curve; this, on the average, by 0.9±0.3 h.If the individually determined amount of masking is added to the temperature data obtained during sleep, or substracted from the temperature data obtained during wake, a temperature curve emerges that can be though of as being purified of the masking effect. Analyses of this artificial curve allow estimation of that part of the internal interactions uninfluenced by the masking effect. On the average, about half of the amount of interaction between the rhythm of sleep-wake and that of deep body temperature is explained by the masking effect, whereas the other half is oscillatory interaction. Both types of interaction are inherent and inseparable parts of the circadian clock mechanism, as can be deduced from model considerations.     

稀土高碳当量灰口铸铁组织与性能的研究

本文研究了利用稀土合金改善高碳当量灰口铸铁质量的可能性,稀土合金对高碳当 量灰口铸铁组织和性能影响的规律,以及稀土夹杂物在铸铁各相中分布的规律．发现了 稀土合金加入量与铸铁的机械性能之间明显的对应关系——“双峰值效应”。对稀土高 碳当量灰口铸铁的某些高温机械、物理、化学性能进行了研究。结果表明稀土合金加入 到高碳当量灰口铸铁中以后能净化铁水,改善组织,并提高其性能．     

侧爆作用下土中竖井结构弹塑性变形特征分析及计算

针对土中钢板-钢筋混凝土竖井结构在常规武器爆炸作用下塑性铰线形成前的动力响应问题,综合采用模型试验、有限元数值仿真方法,分析了竖井结构中远距离爆炸作用下的变形过程及特征,确定了以量纲一环向相对位移α₁作为结构变形程度的判据。推导了土中竖井结构在常规武器爆炸作用下的动力响应理论解,分析了按照弹性理论计算的量纲一环向相对位移α_1e和有限元计算得到的弹塑性量纲一环向相对位移α_1p的关系及其比值α_1p/α_1e的影响因素,构建了基于弹性解的弹塑性量纲一环向相对位移α_1p工程算法。提出了以量纲一环向相对位移α₁作为结构变形程度的判据,并确定了结构闭环塑性铰线出现、破坏模式改变的阈值为α₁=3%;对比了理论与数值模拟计算结果,验证了提出的理论计算方法可以较好地计算钢板-混凝土竖井组合结构在常规武器爆炸作用下弹性阶段的动力响应;结构长径比、结构缩尺比例、装药量大小对α_1p/α_1e随α<...