管流与环缝入流的管内合流特性──等温浓度场与紊流特性实验研究

在对管流与环缝入流的管内合流特性完成等温速度场实验研究的基础上，以对应一致的实验条件，实测了时均浓度分布，紊流正应力和紊流切应力分布．结果证明：浓度分布有与速度分布相一致的变化趋势和规律，但合流后截面上浓度均匀化比速度均匀化慢；合流动量相交产生附加雷诺应力，并决定合流后速度分布和浓度分布的均匀化进程．为建立系统的化学反应流动规律提供基础．     

无机离子在硅胶薄层上的色谱行为研究

以甲基异丁基甲酮（ＭＩＢＫ）－甲酸（ＦＡ）为流动相，对一些无机离子在硅胶薄层上的色谱行为进行了研究，得出了无机离子的Ｒ＿Ｆ值与流动相中强极性溶剂甲酸的体积百分浓度Ｃ＿ｐ之间的关系以及所用流动相的溶剂性质参数Ｂ值．利用该流动相体系对部分多元离子混合液进行了分离．     

A new indolic antiauxin, α-(5,7-dichloroindole-3-)isobutyric acid: its chemical synthesis and biological activity

Summary A new potent antiauxin, -(5,7-dichloroindole-3-)isobutyric acid has been synthesized and shown to inhibit auxin-mediated elongation ofAvena coleoptiles and to stimulate root growth of rice seedlings. Its activity is stronger than -(p-chlorophenoxy)isobutyric acid and is comparable to that of 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid, which are typical antiauxins.     

Comparative aspects of structure and action of molluscan neuropeptides

A number of neuropeptides were isolated from the ganglia and muscles of molluscs, and their actions were examined. Diverse neuropeptides, in addition to several classical neurotransmitters, were suggested to be involved in the regulation of the anterior byssus retractor muscle ofMytilus. A wide structural variety of members of theMytilus inhibitory peptide family was observed in each of the generaMytilus, Achatina andHelix. Gly-Trp-NH₂, the C-terminal dipeptide fragment of the neuropeptide AGPWamide, showed a more potent action than the parent peptide in all of the muscles examined. Peptides related to some molluscan neuropeptides were found to be distributed interphyletically. Some neuropeptides containing ad-amino acid residue were found inAchatina andMytilus. These aspects of molluscan neuropeptides are thought not to be exceptional.     

能耗率极值原理和重力理论交互作用下粗质颗粒的浓度垂线分布

本文同时运用能耗率极值原理和重力理论研究了固液两相流在粗质颗粒时固相浓度的垂线分布,通过探讨能耗率极值原理对“非单向性”作用问题,进一步揭示了两相流运动的机理。计算结果与实测数据有较好的吻合。其研究方法、原理、步骤也极易推广到其它各种粒径的固相。     

Biosynthesis of 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid: Steric course of the reaction at the C-4 position

Summary Under the action of the appropriate synthase from ripe tomatoes a 11 mixture of (3S, 4R)-[3,4-²H₂] and (3R, 4S)-[3,4-²H₂]-(2S)-adenosylmethionine is transformed into a 11 mixture of the two meso forms of [²H₂]-1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid, a result which proves the operation of an inversion mechanism and which is consistent with direct nucleophilic displacement of the leaving group in the substrate.     

Selective protection of cells against X-irradiation. Isoproterenol protects only those cells that possesβ-adrenoreceptors

Summary In mixed culture of Chinese hamster fibroblatst, clone 431, and transformed murine L fibroblasts, clone B-82, isoproterenol was found to protect only 431 cells against ionizing radiation. It was shown that 431 cells, in contrast to B-82 cells, possess-adrenoreceptors, and the radioprotective effect of isoproterenol can be realized only if this agent interacts with-adrenoreceptors coupled with the cAMP system. Since malignization often causes the disappearance of-adrenergic and other hormone receptors, the combined culturing and irradiation of the cells studied can be regarded as a model of the growth of malignant cells (B-82) among normal tissue cells (431 cells) under conditions of radiation therapy. A possibility of selective protection against radiation damage of normal tissue cells, with retention of the former radiosensitivity of tumor cells, is discussed.     

Bicuculline and picrotoxin block γ-aminobutryic acid-gated Cl− conductance by different mechanisms

Summary Using isolated, internally perfused bullfrog dorsal root ganglion cells we have studied the dose-response curves for -aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the presence of internally or externally applied GABA antagonists. With external application of antagonists the inhibition of the GABA current by bicuculline was competitive and that by picrotoxin was noncompetitive. Picrotoxin but not bicuculline blocked when internally perfused.To whom reprint requests should be addressed.Acknowledgments. We thank Drs S. Minakami and S. Yasui for helpful discussions and comments.     

Eicosapentaenoic acid in tissue lipids ofPieris brassicae

Summary Larvae of the cabbage white butterfly,Pieris brassicae, have a dietary requirement for linolenic acid (C183n3) and were found to accumulate two other members of the n-3 family, C203n3 and C205n3 (eicosapentaenoic acid) especially in testicular phospholipids. Arachidonic acid was observed in trace amounts only. During diapause the relative titer of eicosapentaenoic acid increased in testicular phospholipids to about 4.2% of the fatty acids. Eicosapentaenoic acid is a possible precursor of prostaglandins, suggesting that prostaglandins of the 3-series predominate in this insect.     

重组大肠杆菌利用醋酸及乳酸为碳源合成PHB

以廉价的工业副产物醋酸及乳酸为碳源,对产PHB重组大肠杆菌进行培养,考察醋酸及乳酸的添加对重组大肠杆菌生长及PHB产量的影响。将来自Cupriavidusnecator的PHB合成操纵子phaCAB基因簇克隆至pBAD载体,得到产PHB菌株BL21＿pBAD＿phaCAB,以阿拉伯糖为诱导剂,在大肠杆菌中进行重组表达。分别使用LB及M9培养基,对重组菌株BL21＿pBAD＿phaCAB进行培养,研究其生长速度及PHB产量,探索产PHB重组大肠杆菌最适培养基。以添加0.04 g/L乳酸、1.2 g/L乳酸、0.02 g/L醋酸、0.6 g/L醋酸、0.04 g/L乳酸+0.02g/L醋酸、1.2g/L乳酸+0.4g/L醋酸的M9培养基(均含2 g/L葡萄糖)为实验组,以M9培养基(含2g/L葡萄糖)为对照组,考察醋酸及乳酸的添加对重组大肠杆菌生长及PHB产量的影响。分别取第6,12,24和36小时的培养液,分析其葡萄糖、醋酸及乳酸含量的变化。结果表明,低氮型M9培养基更适合产PHB重组大肠杆菌在低糖培养环境中生长。在葡萄糖消耗殆尽后,大肠杆菌能够以醋酸及乳酸为碳源进行代谢,因此在培养基中...