自动网格体系在柱体绕流大涡模拟中的适用性评估

为了评估基于snappyHexMesh方法生成的自动网格体系在二维柱体绕流大涡模拟中的适用性,比较了该自动网格体系与人工网格体系对于Re为3 900圆柱绕流和Re为22 000方柱绕流的数值模拟结果。通过设置合理的计算域以及数值格式,采用snappyHexMesh自动网格以及人工网格的算例都表现出良好的数值稳定性。将不同网格体系的数值模拟结果与物理试验结果进行对比,结果表明,采用snappyHexMesh网格可以提高数值求解效率;圆柱绕流对网格体系的变化比较敏感,不同密度的snappyHexMesh网格会显著影响圆柱气动力特征以及尾流区域的流场结果;snappyHexMesh网格体系可以准确预测方柱绕流,在方柱绕流大涡模拟中具有相较于圆柱绕流更好的适用性。     

老龄化背景下城轨换乘站客流组织仿真分析

针对人口老龄化背景下的城轨换乘站客流组织问题,从影响因素分析出发,量化老年乘客生理特征对乘客行动力影响的外在表现,并运用社会力模型描述换乘站内行人运动。借助AnyLogic仿真软件,以重庆市某换乘站为实验对象构建地铁换乘站仿真模型。通过设计多场景仿真实验,结果发现老年乘客比例对站内客流速度、进站时间、换乘时间都有明显影响,尤其是在站内客流瓶颈处和高差变化处的影响更为明显。最后,对适老背景下城轨车站设计和运营提出针对性建议。     

Energy flow and community structure in freshwater ecosystems

The goal of this article is twofold: 1) It aims at providing an overview on some major results obtained from energy flow studies in individuals, populations, and communities, and 2) it will also focus on major mechanisms explaining community structures. The basis for any biological community to survive and establish a certain population density is on the one hand energy fixation by primary producers together with adequate nutrient supply and the transfer of energy between trophic levels (bottom-up effect). On the other hand, predator pressures may strongly control prey population densities one or more trophic levels below (top-down effect). Other interpopulation effects include competition, chemical interactions and evolutionary genetic processes, which further interact and result in the specific structuring of any community with respect to species composition and population sizes.     

一种改进的树形矢量量化编码算法

矢量量化中的一个最严重的问题是在一本码本中搜索最近码字的高计算复杂度。本文在研究树形矢量量化的基础上提出了一种改进的树形矢量量化编码算法。实验结果表明,本文提出的编码算法相对于树形矢量量化算法可大大改善峰值信噪比（ＰＳＮＲ）。     

L—统计量的非一致性收敛速度

本文研究了高阶矩条件下L—统计量的非一致性收敛速度,得到了与独立和类似的收敛速度。     

脉冲示踪法实验误差分析

本文从理论和实验两方面分析了脉冲示踪法中脉冲时间、示踪剂输入和记录仪记录时间差、示踪剂纯度与用量和实验温度对反应器内物料停留时间分布和流动模型参数测定误差的影响,以便在实验中采取相应措施减小或消除误差,获得准确的实验结果。     

ATM广域网预测式流量控制方案

针对ＡＴＭ广域网的长时延特点,提出了一种预测式流量控制方案,通过预测各交换节点非受控业务流所占用的带宽,对各链路可获得带宽进行预测式分配;预测式方案结合本文作者提出的集中式流量控制机制,保证了带宽分配的公平性和链路利用的高效性;本文还在ＶＢＲ＋ＡＢＲ业务综合传输的情形下,进行了预测式流量控制方案的计算机仿真,仿真结果表明,本文的预测式算法具有带宽分配的公平性和链路利用的高效性,交换节点处缓冲队列很     

Leakage of mantle helium from the Liaodong Peninsula, China

The isotopic cumpositions of helium have been investigated in hot spring gases sampled from the Liaodong Peninsula. China. The³He/⁴He ratios range from 0.14 Ra (0.14 times the atmospheric³He/⁴He ratio of 1.40 × 10^-6 to 0.72 Ra.³He/⁴He versus⁴He/²⁰Ne ratios and He contents suggest that a small amount of mantle-derived helium reaches the earth’s surface. Helium iwtope ratios of the hot spring gases show a distribution pattern similar to the regional heat flow values, indicating that the positive thermal anomaly occurring in the rtrea is closely associated with the presence of mantle-derived helium. The observations described above provide some significant evidence that the molten magma originating from partial melting of the upper mantle may have intruded into the continental crust along the activity fault. The coupling of the presence of mantle He and heat flow anomalies to seismic activity in studied region seem to imply that there is an internal relationship between mantle degassing and seismic activity.     

考虑径向流速分布的二维非均相径向氨合成反应器模型

导出了考虑床层径向流速分布的径向床二维非均相模型,通过计算模拟考察了不均匀流动对三段径向冷激式氨合成塔性能的影响。计算表明：在各种不同的床层进口温度、入口氨浓度和活性系数下,流动的不均匀度所造成的影响是不同的,提高进口温度,降低入口氨浓度和提高活性系数有利于降低流动不均匀对三段径向合成塔净值和生产能力的影响是有限的,在计算条件下,均匀流动和不均匀度高达７０％相比,生产能力只下降了２％。     

棉花黄萎病毒素在早期抗病性检测中的应用研究

用棉花黄萎病（Ｖ．ｄａｈｌｉａｅ）毒素,处理不同抗性品种二叶期幼苗,结果表明,黄萎病毒素对棉花幼苗有明显致萎作用,其萎蔫指数与田间病情指数呈显著正相关,同时发现黄萎病毒素对种子发芽也有明显的抑制作用