水质稳定剂“PC-602”(多元醇磷酸酯)缓蚀作用机理的研究

“PC-602”是一种具有优良缓蚀作用和一定阻垢作用的高效水质稳定剂。本文对“PC-602”在中性水介质中的缓蚀作用机理进行了研究。用铁氰化钾显色法、AES分析和椭圆仪测量研究了缓蚀膜的组成和生长过程。试验结果表明,“PC-602”在金属表面形成络合沉淀膜和氧化膜等复杂的复合膜。电化学方法测试结果证明,“PC-602”是对电极的阴极和阳极电化学过程都有抑制作用的混合型缓蚀剂。     

Enzymatic reduction of fatty acids and acyl-CoAs to long chain aldehydes and alcohols

Summary The properties of enzymatic systems involved in the synthesis of long chain aldehydes and alcohols have been reviewed. Fatty acid and acyl-CoA reductases are widely distributed and generate fatty alcohols for ether lipid and was ester synthesis as well as fatty aldehydes for bacterial bioluminescence. Fatty alcohol is generally the major product of fatty acid reduction in crude or membrane systems, although reductases which release fatty aldehydes as products have also been purified. The reduction of fatty acid proceeds through the ATP-dependent formation of acyl intermediates such as acyl-CoA and acyl protein, followed by reduction to aldehyde and alcohol with NAD(P)H. In most cases, both the rate of fatty acid conversion and acyl chain specificity of the reaction are determined at the level of reduction of the intermediate. The reduction of fatty acids represents the major pathway for the control of the synthesis of fatty aldehydes and alcohols. Several other enzymatic reactions involved in lipid degradation also release fatty aldehydes but do not apear to play an important role in long chain alcohol synthesis.     

Deciduogenic effects of mediators of the polyphosphatidylinositol pathway in pseudopregnant mice

Intraluminal injections (15 l) of either concanavalin A (125 g) or ionophore A 23187 (0.01 mol) induced a decidual cell reaction (DCR) in the uterus of day 4.5 pseudopregnant mice. However, when these agents were administered in different combinations with each other or with CaCl₂ (15 mol) and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (1.6 nmol), interacting effects occurred to either enhance or inhibit each of the others' independent deciduogenic capacities. The results suggest that the polyphosphatidylinositol pathway and Ca²⁺ are involved in the induction of the DCR in mice with complex interactions occurring between the active components of the pathway to modulate the outcome of the transformation process.     

仲辛醇磷酸酯盐的合成及性能研究

分别用Ｐ２Ｏ５、Ｈ３ＰＯ４作磷酸化试剂研究了摩尔比、温度、时间等反应条件对仲辛醇磷酸化产物的转化率及单、双酯含量等的影响，测定了仲辛醇磷酸酯钾盐的表面张力、泡沫、ｃｍｃ、润湿力、抗静电性等性能。     

端羟基聚叠氮缩水甘油醚（GAP）聚氨酯力学性能的研究

采用一步法合成端羟基聚叠氮缩水甘油醚（ＧＡＰ）聚氨酯。ＤＳＣ，ＤＴＡ和静态力学性能测试结果表明：该粘合剂和硝酸酯增塑剂１，２，４－丁三醇三硝酸酯（ＢＴＴＮ）具有良好的溶混性；随硝酸酯含量的增加，聚氨酯胶片的分解峰温下降。同时观察到胶片的弹性模量和抗拉强度随交联剂含量的增加而增加，但断裂延伸率随之下降。固体填料ＨＭＸ和ＧＡＰ粘合剂之间的界面相互作用小，从而导致推进剂抗拉强度和延伸率明显降低。     

混合硝化制备NG/BTTN混合酯工艺方法研究

采用混合硝化制备硝化甘油(NG)与1,2,4-丁三醇三硝酸酯(BTTN)混合酯的方法,具有安全、安定处理容易、产品得率高等优点,产品中NG/BTIN质量比可根据要求调节,利用现有NG生产工艺线可制备NG/BTTN混合酯。     

二甘醇单丁醚硼酸酯合成动力学研究

对作为新型汽车制动液的主体组份硼酸酯的合成进行了动力学分析,结果表明,在固体硼酸溶解前后,反应的动力学规律有所不同,溶解前,反应为准一级;溶解后,反应为二级,且对两种反应物分别为一级,表观反应活化能为98.3±2.5kJ/mol,频率因子为1.04×10~7L·mol~(-1)·s~(-1)。在反应过程中,若硼酸不过量,则硼酸自身脱水及醇醚分子间脱水均可忽略。同时,文中结合所得动力学规律对硼酸酯的合成进行了讨论。     

γ,δ-不饱和β-酮酯和羟基酸衍生的酰氯酰化反应

叙述了由γ,δ-不饱和β-酮酯与羟基酸衍生的酰氯,经酰化生成了6-酰氧基取代的5-乙酯基-2,3-二氢-4H-4-吡喃酮的衍生物,其中有些化合物可以转变为7-烷基或羟基取代的2,3-二氢-4,5-二氧(7H)呋喃并[3,4-b]吡喃衍生物。     

胆甾相液晶的质谱研究——Ⅱ.混合液晶的气相色谱—质谱分析

利用填充柱色谱-质谱联用,分析胆甾醇氟代物、胆甾醇油烯基碳酸酯及低分子量的胆甾醇羧酸酯;对分子量大于500的胆甾醇羧酸酯,通过甲醇化-酯交换反应使其转变为相应的羧酸甲酯,用毛细管柱色谱-质谱联用分析酯交换产物而间接测定之,有效地测定了胆甾相液相混合物的各个组分。