以醋酐和硫磺为催化剂的醋酸氯化合成氯乙酸

对以醋酐为催化剂和以硫磺为催化剂的醋酸氯化合成氯乙酸的优劣进行了比较研究。得出，以硫磺为催化剂时，乙酰氯是逐渐释放的，其逃逸速度慢，氯化反应效果好，催化剂用量小，生产成本低，优于以醋酐为催化剂的氯化反应。     

TCBA阻燃性环氧树脂合成研究

本文提出以1,1,1-三氯乙烷与水为混合溶剂,以RS为催化剂,由双酚A(BA)氯化合成四氯双酚A(TCBA)的合成路线,并提出经两步法由TCBA合成TCBA阻燃性环氧树脂的方法。经由正交实验与验证实验分别提出了两者合成的优化反应条件。研究结果的数据显示上述合成具有良好的重现性。     

铜渣中铁铜分离新工艺研究

本文综述了铁铜分离的一般方法,并根据国内外氯化焙烧现状,结合铜渣特点,提出氯化焙烧法分离铜渣中铁铜的优势：可以在中温条件下进行选择性氯化,完成铁铜的分离过程;氯化焙烧过程是在氧化性气氛下进行的,铜渣中硫元素可以SO2的形式溢出;铜渣中的铜以CuCl2形式挥发,可以在反应器冷端凝结,铁留在渣中,实现了铜渣中铁铜的共同回收。     

Nano-Structured Carbide-Derived Carbon Films and Their Tribology

Carbide-derived carbon （CDC） is a form of carbon produced by reacting metal carbides, such as SiC or TiC, with halogens at temperatures high enough to produce fast kinetics, but too low to permit the rearrangement of the carbon atoms into an equilibrium graphitic structure. The structure of CDC is derivative of the original carbide structure and contains nanoscale porosity and both sp2 and sp3 bonded carbon in a variety of nanoscale structures. CDC can be produced as a thin film on hard carbides to improve their tribological performance. CDC coatings are distinguished by their low friction coefficients and high wear resistance in many important industrial environments and by their resistance to spallation and delamination. The tribology of CDC coatings on SiC surfaces is described in detail.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bisoxazoline ligands with a spiro[4,4]-1,6-nonadiene skeleton

A new type of chiral bisoxazoline ligands 1 based on spiro[4,4]-1,6-nonadiene backbone was easily prepared in six steps from racemic spiro[4,4]-nonane-1,6-dione, with the Pd-catalyzed coupling of the enol triflates with CO and amino alcohols as the key steps for the construction of the oxazoline moiety. The structure of the ligand (R,S,S)-1b was unambiguously established by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The chiral Cu(II) complex generated in situ from the combination of spiro bisoxazoline ligand (S,S,S)- 1c and Cu(OTf)₂ was effective in the catalysis of asymmetric chlorination of the β-ketoester, methyl 1-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- in-dene-2-carboxylate, affording the corresponding chlorinated derivative in 99% yield with 17% ee.     

Research of technique for synthesizing carbonyl diethyl malonate

Diethyl malonate being an initial raw material,processed with chlorination-replacement-desalination-vacuum rectification,is used to produce carbonyl diethyl malonate.An experiment for optimization determines that the best reaction condition was:① reaction for 7 h at 10 ℃ with mole-ratio being 2.4︰1 between chloride and raw material(diethyl malonate);② reaction for 4.5 h at 118 ℃ with mole-ratio being 1.2︰1 between the anhydrous sodium acetate and intermediate Ⅰ.The final product carbonyl diethyl malonate recovery ratio reaches up to as high as 79.12% with a purity of 96.4%,which meets the market requirement.This synthesis technique has the advantages of simple process,moderate reaction conditions,high yield and low cost,being suitable for industrial scale production.     

氯乙酸生产现状及研究进展(Ⅱ)

介绍了国外４种不同的用醋酸氯化法生产氯乙酸的工艺流程,对各种流程进行了分析,讨论了及优、缺点比较,同时介绍了国内外有关氯化液分离技术和母液处理与回收利用技术。     

吡啶光氯化反应机理的量子化学研究(II)——PM3计算吡啶光氯化反应体系能量与反应动力学分析

用量子化学方法 PM3结构参数全优化方法对吡啶光氯化反应所涉及的分子、自由基进行了能量计算 ,得到键解离能 ,并对反应活化能与动力学进行分析 .对吡啶光氯化反应 ,提出了氯自由基直接进攻吡啶环的碳原子和氯自由基首先夺取与吡啶环键链的氢原子两种不同的反应机理 .量化计算结果表明 :吡啶光氯化反应中夺氢反应机理所需的反应活化能较低 ,不同产物以生成2 -氯吡啶的活化能最低 ,为 1 74.0 8k J/mol,总反应级数为 1 .5级 ,对吡啶的分级数为 1级 .对氯气的分级数为 0 .5级 .     

Ac_2O-PCl_3-S_2Cl_2催化乙酸制备高纯度氯乙酸

以乙酸为原料,采用Ａｃ２Ｏ－ＰＣｌ３－Ｓ２Ｃｌ２为催化剂,进行催化氯化制备高纯度氯乙酸,产品含量≥９８．５％。同时讨论了反应温度,催化剂用量等工艺条件对氯化反应及产品质量的影响。     

水华期水体中DOM组成及其消毒副产物生成潜能

以太湖水华期原水为实验水样,初步研究水华期水体中溶解性有机质(Dissolved Organic Matter,DOM)的组成及其消毒副产物生成潜能(DisinfectionBy-Products Formation Potential,DBPFP).利用XAD-8大孔树脂,将水体中DOM分离为亲水性物质(Hydrophilic Substances,HIS)、疏水碱性物质(Hydrophobic Bases,HOB)、疏水酸性物质(Hydrophobic Acids,HOA)、疏水中性物质(HydrophobicNeutrals,HOB).4种DOM组分的溶解性有机碳(Dissolved Organic Carbon,DOC)浓度分布情况为:HIS最高为10.2mg/L,占原水DOC浓度的72.86%.不同DOM组分的DBPFP实验表明,HIS的三卤甲烷生成潜能(Trihalomethanes FormationPotential,THMFP)和卤乙酸生成潜能(Haloacetic Acids Formation Potential,HAAFP)分别占4种DOM消毒副产物生成潜能之和的63%和31.25%,为主要的消毒副产物前体物.由于HIS为水华期水体中DOM的主要组分,且具有DBPFP高、不易在水处理过程中去除的特点.因此进一步考查了不同氯化条件(氯化剂用量、氯化时间、水体pH值)对HIS氯化生成DBPs的影响.研究结果表明:DBPs生成量与氯化剂用量及氯化时间成正相关.pH对HIS氯化生成THMs和HAAs的影响并不相同.在实验所选取的pH范围之内,THMs生成量随pH的升高,呈逐渐增加的趋势,而HAAs产量却表现为先增加后减少.