Thiyl radicals in biosystems: effects on lipid structures and metabolisms

Thiyl radicals are intermediates of enzyme- and radical-driven biochemical processes, and their potential as reactive species in the biological environment has been somehow underestimated. From organic chemistry, however, it is known that thiyl radicals isomerize the double bonds of unsaturated fatty acids to a mixture with very dominating trans isomers. Recently, this reaction has been particularly studied for biosystems, focusing on the effect of thiyl radicals on the natural all-cis double bonds of unsaturated phospholipids, which undergo a conversion to the unnatural trans form. In this paper we report briefly the role of thiyl radicals in biosystems, describe the main features of the radical-induced cis-trans isomerization process under both in vitro and in vivo conditions, and reflect on some consequences for membrane structures, lipid metabolism and enzymatic reactions.Received 29 October 2004; received after revision 3 December 2004; accepted 4 January 2005     

壳聚糖涂膜对黄花梨常温贮藏效果的影响

以黄花梨果实为试材,采用浓度0%,0.5%,1.0%,1.5%,2.0%壳聚糖溶液浸泡黄花梨果实1min,在室温下贮藏16d,研究了壳聚糖涂膜处理对黄花梨果实贮藏品质的影响.试验结果表明:与清水处理相比,4种壳聚糖涂膜处理均可不同程度降低果实的失重率和腐烂率,抑制果实贮藏后期可溶性固形物、可滴定酸和维生素C含量下降,保持果实较好的硬度,从而延缓了果实的成熟衰老.其中1.0%壳聚糖涂膜处理的果实贮藏16d,其腐烂率和失重率分别为12.8%和3.34%,而对照的分别是27.3%和6.46%,与对照的差异显著,果实品质好,保鲜效果最佳.     

基于共价有机框架的仿生光动力学治疗试剂的构建

共价有机框架（COF）是一类新兴的多孔有机聚合物,因其具有较大的比表面积、有序的孔道结构以及良好的生物相容性,已成为具有潜力的纳米药物载体.制备了基于COF纳米颗粒的仿生纳米复合物,负载光敏剂孟加拉玫瑰红（RB）,并包裹癌细胞膜（CMV）对该复合物进行仿生修饰.结果表明：制备的COF/RB@CMV纳米复合物具有良好的生物兼容性,能够被肿瘤细胞有效摄取,并在光照激活条件下产生对细胞具有高毒性的活性氧化物（ROS）,进而起到了杀伤肿瘤细胞的作用.提出了一种新的基于COF的仿生纳米平台用作光动力学治疗（PDT）试剂.     

氨在中空纤维支撑液膜内的渗透系数

测定了氨在中空纤维支撑液膜中的渗透系数,并考察了渗透系数的影响因素.实验结果表明,氨在支撑液膜中的渗透系数p值随着载体浓度升高而增大,但变化趋势不大;料液pH值升高,渗透系数增大;反萃液pH值对渗透系数的影响存在最大值,在实验条件下,反萃液pH值为3时,渗透系数较大.比较煤油、癸醇和正庚烷3种膜溶剂,正庚烷作为膜溶剂渗透系数最大     

钇掺杂对氧化铝膜的热稳定性及其孔结构的影响

以异丙醇铝和Y(NO3)3为主要原料,用溶胶-凝胶法制备掺杂钇的无支撑Al2O3膜,采用XRD、DTA-TG、BET等测试手段分析钇的掺杂对Al2O3膜的物相组成、热稳定性、以及Al2O3膜孔结构在不同煅烧温度时的影响.研究结果表明:掺杂钇能提高γ-Al2O3相向α-Al2O3相的转变温度和Al2O3膜的热稳定性.钇的掺杂也明显了改善了Al2O3膜在高温煅烧中的孔结构参数.     

吸光型光纤化学传感器测定锰的研究

将ＰＡＮ固定在ＰＶＦ膜上,制成了测定锰的吸光型光纤化学传感器．该传感器测定锰（Ⅱ）的线性范围为０．０５～０．８０ｍｇ／Ｌ,对０．４０ｍｇ／Ｌ的锰（Ⅱ）测定了１０次,其相对标准偏差为１．６％．     

基于地域特征的地铁站出口设计——以郑州市轨道交通一号线郑州大学(南区)站为例

从地铁站出口在城市公共空间中的重要性出发,根据郑州市的地域特征和郑州市轨道交通一号线郑州大学(南区)地铁站的周边环境,结合ETFE膜材料与编织型钢结构,将"折纸"的美感与神韵运用到地铁站出口的设计造型之中,以使其能够为场所注入新的活力并体现中原城市的文化特征.     

线性滴定法测定壳聚糖的脱乙酰度

本文用线性滴定法对参考文献［５］所制得的低粘、中粘和高粘度的壳聚糖分别测定其脱乙酰度,测定结果,它们的平均脱乙酰度分别为１５．７８％、６３．０５％和６７．７３％．变动系数均小于５％．     

Fabrication and Characterization of Chitosan Nerve Conduits with Microtubular Architectures

Porous multi-channel chitosan conduits were fabricated using a novel phase-separation technique with an axial temperature gradient. First, porous chitosan tubes were made with a mold that was composed of two concentric polytetrafiuoroethylene tubes. Then 1%-3% （w/v） chitosan solution was injected into the chitosan tube while the two ends of the tube were closed with steel rods. Then the outside of the tube was wrapped with a layer of thermal insulating material to reduce the heat transfer through the outside, and the tubes were placed in a freezer. The resulting phase separation then occurred in the presence of an axial temperature gradient. The porosity, microtubule diameter, and orientation were controlled by adjusting the polymer concentration and temperature gradient. After the preparation course, no poisonous substances remained on the conduits. The mechanical properties, swelling, and biodegradability of the chitosan conduits were investigated, and a scanning electron microscope was used to observe the tubular morphology and growth of neuroblastoma cells （N2A, mouse） in the conduits. The results demonstrate that the multi-channel chitosan conduits have suitable mechanical strength, swelling, degradation properties, and nerve cell affinity, so they hold promise for use as neural tissue engineering scaffolds.