Phylogenetic position of Schnabelia, a genus endemic to China： Evidence from sequences of cpDNA matK gene and nrDNA ITS regions

The chloroplast gene matK and the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA from Schnabelia, a genus endemic to China, and 6 genera of Verbenaceae and 13 genera of Lamiaceae were sequenced. The phylogenetic signal and validity outgroups were measured and evaluated by means of the relatively apparent synapomorphy analysis (RASA). Independent and combined phylogenetic analyses for the matK and ITS sequences were performed using the maximum parsimony (MP), neighbor-joining (NJ) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods, indicating that Schnabelia oligophylla and Caryopteris terniflora form a sister-group relationship. The Caryopteris complex is not shown to be a monophyly because Trichostema, C. paniculata and C. forrestii are paraphyletic to the clade containing the remaining members of the complex. A monophyly of Ajugoideae proposed by Cantino et al., including 8 genera in this study, is strongly supported and the closest relatives of Schnabelia are in the Ajugoideae (Lamiaceae), especially near Caryopteris terniflora. The polygenetic analyses also showed that the genera of Lamiaceae and Verbenaceae sampled in this tudy are phylogenetically mixed and the genus Avicennia is distant to other genera of Verbenaceae. RASA and combined analysis can be used as effective approaches to determining the relationships among phylogenetically complex groups.     

两m相依样本参数差异的经验似然置信区间

本文将经验欧氏似然应用于半参数模型,讨论了在此模型下两强平稳m相依样本参数差异的经验欧氏似然置信区间,证明了其经验欧氏似然比统计量的渐进χ^2分布性,并给出其经验似然置信区间.     

云贵两省毗邻地区经济发展探索

在中国"行政区经济"背景下,省际毗邻地区即使资源丰富,经济也不甚发达,形成了特殊的"行政区边缘经济"现象。云贵两省毗邻地区属于典型的"行政区边缘经济"、弱弱型边界区域,矿产资源丰富,但存在交通、环境等制约因素,因此协同发展在此类区域有极强的必要性,边界中心城市的培育、政府观念的转变是加快此类区域发展的关键。     

部分线性反映变量含误差模型的经验似然置信区域

目的研究部分线性反映变量含误差模型。方法发展了经验似然比方法,将其应用到部分线性反映变量含误差模型。结果得到了W ilks定理的非参数形式,定理用来构造参数向量的渐近置信区域。结论参数β的置信区域也可由其他方法来构建,但与正态逼近或自助法相比,经验似然方法在实践中更直接和简单。     

基于关系矩阵的复合宽边界区域拓扑关系计算

简单宽边界区域拓扑关系计算比较简单,而复合宽边界区域拓扑关系计算比较复杂,因而需要一个计算方法以实现复合宽边界区域拓扑关系计算、查询和分析处理。在分析复合宽边界区域与简单宽边界区域关系联系的基础上,研究了根据复合宽边界区域中简单宽边界区域拓扑关系矩阵计算复合宽边界区域拓扑关系的方法,并根据复合宽边界区域的性质,简化了算法。计算方法使得扩展九交模型不再是一个概念模型,而是可计算的,从而为查询和分析处理宽边界区域拓扑关系奠定了基础。     

Impacts of climate warming on heating energy consumption and southern boundaries of severe cold and cold regions in China

Impacts of climate warming on heating energy consumption and southern boundaries of severe cold and cold regions of China in the past 20 years are analyzed by using daily and monthly average tem- perature data from 590 weather stations in China and based on regulations of Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning Design Rules (GB50019-2003) and Thermal Design Rules for Civil Building (GB50175-93) (China National Standard). The contribution of climate warming to coal saving for heating during cold seasons in major cities is calculated according to indices of coal consumption for heating in major cities during cold seasons defined in Energy Conservation Design Standard for New Heating Residential Buildings (JCJ26-95). Comparing with the period before 1980, southern boundaries of se- vere cold and cold regions shift toward north up to 2 degrees in latitude since the mid-1980s. Theo- retically, climate warming could contribute to 5%―10% coal savings for heating since the mid-1980s in major cities, and even more since the mid-1990s.     

中国古典诗歌对美国现代诗歌的影响

中国古典诗歌对美国现代诗的影响，是中国文化西传产生的重要成果之一，是中西比较文学研究中一个重要的课题，它足足影响了欧美三代诗人的诗歌创作，本文试举例说明这些跨越时空的对话的主要模式和媒介，以及这种双向文化交流的现实意义。     

微机数据库在高校仪器设备计算机管理系统中的应用

高等院校仪器设备数量多,规格品种多,精贵设备多。为了对设备进行有效地管理,尽可能提高设备利用率,作者在IBM—PC/XT机上研制了一个仪器设备管理系统(以下简称系统)。一、系统概况系统在操作系统DOS3.0(或2.0)版支持下,用C—COBOL,编译:BASIC和DBASE     

中部地区中小企业国际化成长影响因素及对策分析

中部地区中小企业在国际化成长过程中存在着许多与东西部地区不同的制约因素,中小企业要培育国际市场核心竞争力,政府要加大对从事国际化经营中小企业的政策支持力度。     

西部民族地区发展“实用型”教育的设想

西部民族地区教育发展相对于东部而言,差距越来越大,教育与经济发展长期处于低水平状态。要改变现有状态,需要在加大对西部民族地区教育投资的基础上,转变教育发展模式,实行“实用型教育“模式,形成教育与经济发展的良性循环。